Aggregation-dominated ash settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud illuminated by field and laboratory high-speed imaging
The recent Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) eruption strikingly under-lined the vulnerability of a globalized society to the atmospheric dispersal of volcanic clouds from even moderate-size eruptions. Ash aggregation controls volcanic clouds dispersal by prematurely remov-ing fi ne particles from the clou...
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Language: | English |
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Geologica Society of America
2011
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/2122/7546 https://doi.org/10.1130/G32016.1 |
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ftingv:oai:www.earth-prints.org:2122/7546 2023-05-15T16:09:27+02:00 Aggregation-dominated ash settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud illuminated by field and laboratory high-speed imaging Taddeucci, J. Scarlato, P. Montanaro, C. Cimarelli, C. Del Bello, E. Freda, C. Andronico, D. Gudmundsson, M. T. Dingwell, B. D. Taddeucci, J.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia Scarlato, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia Montanaro, C.; CNR-IGAG Cimarelli, C.; UNI-Muenchen Del Bello, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia Freda, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia Andronico, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia Gudmundsson, M. T.; University of Iceland Dingwell, B. D.; UNI-Muenchen Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia CNR-IGAG UNI-Muenchen Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione OE, Catania, Italia University of Iceland 2011-09 http://hdl.handle.net/2122/7546 https://doi.org/10.1130/G32016.1 en eng Geologica Society of America Geology /39 (2011) http://hdl.handle.net/2122/7546 doi:10.1130/G32016.1 restricted aggregation ash 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques article 2011 ftingv https://doi.org/10.1130/G32016.1 2022-07-29T06:05:45Z The recent Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) eruption strikingly under-lined the vulnerability of a globalized society to the atmospheric dispersal of volcanic clouds from even moderate-size eruptions. Ash aggregation controls volcanic clouds dispersal by prematurely remov-ing fi ne particles from the cloud and depositing them more proxi-mally. Physical parameters of ash aggregates have been modeled and derived from ash fallout deposits of past eruptions, yet aggregate sedimentation has eluded direct measurement, limiting our ability to predict the dispersal of volcanic clouds. Here we use fi eld-based, high-speed video analysis together with laboratory experiments to provide the fi rst in situ investigation and parameterization of the physical fea-tures and settling dynamics of ash aggregates from a volcanic cloud. In May 2010, high-speed video footage was obtained of both ash par-ticles and aggregates settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcano erup-tion cloud at a distance of 7 km from the vent; fallout samples were collected simultaneously. Experimental laboratory determinations of the density, morphology, and settling velocity of individual ash par-ticles enable their distinction from aggregates. The combination of fi eld and experimental analyses allows a full characterization of the size, settling velocity, drag coeffi cient, and density distributions of ash aggregates as well as the size distribution of their component par-ticles. We conclude that ash aggregation resulted in a tenfold increase in mass sedimentation rate from the cloud, aggravating the ash haz-ard locally and modifying cloud dispersal regionally. This study pro-vides a valuable tool for monitoring explosive eruptions, capable of providing robust input parameters for models of cloud dispersal and consequent hazard forecast Published 891–894 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica JCR Journal reserved Article in Journal/Newspaper Eyjafjallajökull Iceland Earth-Prints (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) Geology 39 9 891 894 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Earth-Prints (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) |
op_collection_id |
ftingv |
language |
English |
topic |
aggregation ash 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques |
spellingShingle |
aggregation ash 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques Taddeucci, J. Scarlato, P. Montanaro, C. Cimarelli, C. Del Bello, E. Freda, C. Andronico, D. Gudmundsson, M. T. Dingwell, B. D. Aggregation-dominated ash settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud illuminated by field and laboratory high-speed imaging |
topic_facet |
aggregation ash 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques |
description |
The recent Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) eruption strikingly under-lined the vulnerability of a globalized society to the atmospheric dispersal of volcanic clouds from even moderate-size eruptions. Ash aggregation controls volcanic clouds dispersal by prematurely remov-ing fi ne particles from the cloud and depositing them more proxi-mally. Physical parameters of ash aggregates have been modeled and derived from ash fallout deposits of past eruptions, yet aggregate sedimentation has eluded direct measurement, limiting our ability to predict the dispersal of volcanic clouds. Here we use fi eld-based, high-speed video analysis together with laboratory experiments to provide the fi rst in situ investigation and parameterization of the physical fea-tures and settling dynamics of ash aggregates from a volcanic cloud. In May 2010, high-speed video footage was obtained of both ash par-ticles and aggregates settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcano erup-tion cloud at a distance of 7 km from the vent; fallout samples were collected simultaneously. Experimental laboratory determinations of the density, morphology, and settling velocity of individual ash par-ticles enable their distinction from aggregates. The combination of fi eld and experimental analyses allows a full characterization of the size, settling velocity, drag coeffi cient, and density distributions of ash aggregates as well as the size distribution of their component par-ticles. We conclude that ash aggregation resulted in a tenfold increase in mass sedimentation rate from the cloud, aggravating the ash haz-ard locally and modifying cloud dispersal regionally. This study pro-vides a valuable tool for monitoring explosive eruptions, capable of providing robust input parameters for models of cloud dispersal and consequent hazard forecast Published 891–894 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica JCR Journal reserved |
author2 |
Taddeucci, J.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia Scarlato, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia Montanaro, C.; CNR-IGAG Cimarelli, C.; UNI-Muenchen Del Bello, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia Freda, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia Andronico, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia Gudmundsson, M. T.; University of Iceland Dingwell, B. D.; UNI-Muenchen Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia CNR-IGAG UNI-Muenchen Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione OE, Catania, Italia University of Iceland |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Taddeucci, J. Scarlato, P. Montanaro, C. Cimarelli, C. Del Bello, E. Freda, C. Andronico, D. Gudmundsson, M. T. Dingwell, B. D. |
author_facet |
Taddeucci, J. Scarlato, P. Montanaro, C. Cimarelli, C. Del Bello, E. Freda, C. Andronico, D. Gudmundsson, M. T. Dingwell, B. D. |
author_sort |
Taddeucci, J. |
title |
Aggregation-dominated ash settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud illuminated by field and laboratory high-speed imaging |
title_short |
Aggregation-dominated ash settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud illuminated by field and laboratory high-speed imaging |
title_full |
Aggregation-dominated ash settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud illuminated by field and laboratory high-speed imaging |
title_fullStr |
Aggregation-dominated ash settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud illuminated by field and laboratory high-speed imaging |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aggregation-dominated ash settling from the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud illuminated by field and laboratory high-speed imaging |
title_sort |
aggregation-dominated ash settling from the eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud illuminated by field and laboratory high-speed imaging |
publisher |
Geologica Society of America |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2122/7546 https://doi.org/10.1130/G32016.1 |
genre |
Eyjafjallajökull Iceland |
genre_facet |
Eyjafjallajökull Iceland |
op_relation |
Geology /39 (2011) http://hdl.handle.net/2122/7546 doi:10.1130/G32016.1 |
op_rights |
restricted |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1130/G32016.1 |
container_title |
Geology |
container_volume |
39 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
891 |
op_container_end_page |
894 |
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1766405340553805824 |