Development of a 22 GHz ground-based 1 spectrometer for middle atmospheric water vapour monitoring

The water Vapour Emission SPectrometer for Antarctica at 22 GHz (VESPA-22) has been 15 designed for long-term middle atmospheric climate change monitoring and satellite data 16 validation. It observes the water vapour spectral line at 22.235 GHz using the balanced beam17 switching technique. The rec...

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Published in:	European Journal of Remote Sensing
Main Authors:	Bertagnolio, P. P., Muscari, G., Baskaradas, J. A.
Other Authors:	Bertagnolio, P. P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia, Muscari, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia, Baskaradas, J. A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia
Format:	Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:	English
Published:	Associazione Italiana Telerilevamento 2012
Subjects:	microwave remote sensing water vapour stratosphere Antarctica antenna measurements 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.99. General or miscellaneous 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.08. Instruments and techniques Alta Antarc*
Online Access:	http://hdl.handle.net/2122/7360 http://server-geolab.agr.unifi.it/public/completed/2012_EuJRS_45_051_061_Bertagnolio.pdf https://doi.org/10.5721/EuJRS20124506

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op_collection_id	ftingv
language	English
topic	microwave remote sensing water vapour stratosphere Antarctica antenna measurements 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.99. General or miscellaneous 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.08. Instruments and techniques
spellingShingle	microwave remote sensing water vapour stratosphere Antarctica antenna measurements 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.99. General or miscellaneous 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.08. Instruments and techniques Bertagnolio, P. P. Muscari, G. Baskaradas, J. A. Development of a 22 GHz ground-based 1 spectrometer for middle atmospheric water vapour monitoring
topic_facet	microwave remote sensing water vapour stratosphere Antarctica antenna measurements 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.99. General or miscellaneous 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.08. Instruments and techniques
description	The water Vapour Emission SPectrometer for Antarctica at 22 GHz (VESPA-22) has been 15 designed for long-term middle atmospheric climate change monitoring and satellite data 16 validation. It observes the water vapour spectral line at 22.235 GHz using the balanced beam17 switching technique. The receiver antenna has been characterized, showing an HPBW of 3.5°and a sidelobe level 40 dB below the main lobe. The receiver front-end has a total gain of 105 dB and a LNA noise temperature of 125 K. A FFT spectrometer (bandwidth 1 GHz, resolution 63 20 kHz) will be used as back-end, allowing the retrieval of H2O concentration profiles in the 20 to 80 km altitude range. The control I/O interface is based on reconfigurable hardware (USB22 CPLD). Published 51-61 1.7. Osservazioni di alta e media atmosfera 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento N/A or not JCR open
author2	Bertagnolio, P. P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Muscari, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Baskaradas, J. A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia
format	Article in Journal/Newspaper
author	Bertagnolio, P. P. Muscari, G. Baskaradas, J. A.
author_facet	Bertagnolio, P. P. Muscari, G. Baskaradas, J. A.
author_sort	Bertagnolio, P. P.
title	Development of a 22 GHz ground-based 1 spectrometer for middle atmospheric water vapour monitoring
title_short	Development of a 22 GHz ground-based 1 spectrometer for middle atmospheric water vapour monitoring
title_full	Development of a 22 GHz ground-based 1 spectrometer for middle atmospheric water vapour monitoring
title_fullStr	Development of a 22 GHz ground-based 1 spectrometer for middle atmospheric water vapour monitoring
title_full_unstemmed	Development of a 22 GHz ground-based 1 spectrometer for middle atmospheric water vapour monitoring
title_sort	development of a 22 ghz ground-based 1 spectrometer for middle atmospheric water vapour monitoring
publisher	Associazione Italiana Telerilevamento
publishDate	2012
url	http://hdl.handle.net/2122/7360 http://server-geolab.agr.unifi.it/public/completed/2012_EuJRS_45_051_061_Bertagnolio.pdf https://doi.org/10.5721/EuJRS20124506
geographic	Alta
geographic_facet	Alta
genre	Antarc* Antarctica
genre_facet	Antarc* Antarctica
op_relation	EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING / 42(2012) Benz A. O., Grigis, P. C., Hungerbühler, V., Meyer, H., Monstein, C., Stuber, B. and 284 Zardet, D. (2008) - A broadband FFT spectrometer for radio and millimeter astronomy. 285 Astronomy & Astrophysics, 442: 767-773. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053568 Deuber, B., Kämpfer, N., and Feist, D. G. (2004) - A New 22-286 GHz Radiometer for 287 Middle Atmospheric Water Vapor Profile Measurements, IEEE T. Geosci. Remote, 42, 288 974–984. 3362. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2004.825581 289 • de Zafra R. L. and Muscari G. (2004) - CO as an important high-altitude tracer of 290 dynamics in the polar stratosphere and mesosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 109: D06105. 291 doi:10.1029/2003JD004099 292 • Forkman P., Eriksson P. and Winnberg A. (2002) -The 22 GHz radio-aeronomy receiver 293 at Onsala Space Observatory, J. Quant. Spec. Rad. Trans., Vol 77, 1, pag.23-42. 294 doi:10.1016/S0022-4073(02)00073-0 295 • IPCC (2007) - Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of 296 Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on 297 Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New 298 York, NY, USA. 299 • Janssen, M.A. (1993), Atmospheric remote sensing by microwave radiometry, John 300 Wiley, New York. p. 24 etc. 301 • Nedoluha, G. E., R. M. Bevilacqua, R. M. Gomez, D. L. Thacker, W. B. Waltman, and 302 T. A. Pauls (1995) - Ground-based measurements of water vapor in the middle 303 atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 100(D2), 2927–2939, doi:10.1029/94JD02952. 304 • Nedoluha, G. E., R. M. Gomez, B. C. Hicks, J. E. Wrotny, C. Boone, and A. Lambert 305 (2009) -Water vapor measurements in the mesosphere from Mauna Loa over solar cycle 306 23, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D23303. doi:10.1029/2009JD012504. 307 • Parrish A., deZafra R. L., Solomon P. M. and Barrett J. W. (1988) - A ground-based 308 technique for millimeter wave spectroscopic observations of stratospheric trace 309 constituents. Radio Science. 23(2): 106–118. doi:10.1029/RS023i002p00106 310 • Rodgers, C. D. (2000) - Inverse method for atmospheric sounding, Series on 311 atmospheric, oceanic and Planetary Physics - vol.2, Taylor, F. W., World Scientific 312 Publishing Co. Pte LTd, Singapore. 313 • Rudge, A. W. (1982) - The handbook of antenna design: 1. Peregrinus, London. pp. 314 650-651. 315 • Solomon S., Rosenlof K. H., Portmann R. W., Daniel J. S., Davis S. M, Sanford T. J and 316 Plattner G.-K. (2010) - Contributions of Stratospheric Water Vapor to Decadal Changes 317 in the Rate of Global Warming. Science, 327: 1219-1223. doi:10.1126/science.1182488. 318 • Straub, C., A. Murk, N. Kämpfer, S. H. W. Golchert, G. Hochschild, K. Hallgren, and P. 319 Hartogh (2011) - ARIS-Campaign: intercomparison of three ground based 22 GHz 320 radiometers for middle atmospheric water vapor at the Zugspitze in winter 2009, Atmos. 321 Meas. Tech. Discuss., 4, 3359–3400. doi:10.5194/amtd-4-3359-2011 322 • Teniente R., Goni, D., Gonzalo, R. and del-Rio, C. (2005) - Choked Gaussian Antenna: 323 extremely low sidelobe compact antenna design. IEEE Antennas and Wireless 324 Propagation Letters, 1: 200 – 202. doi:10.1109/LAWP.2002.807959 http://hdl.handle.net/2122/7360 http://server-geolab.agr.unifi.it/public/completed/2012_EuJRS_45_051_061_Bertagnolio.pdf doi:10.5721/EuJRS20124506
op_rights	open
op_doi	https://doi.org/10.5721/EuJRS20124506
container_title	European Journal of Remote Sensing
container_volume	45
container_issue	1
container_start_page	51
op_container_end_page	61
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spelling	ftingv:oai:www.earth-prints.org:2122/7360 2023-05-15T14:01:36+02:00 Development of a 22 GHz ground-based 1 spectrometer for middle atmospheric water vapour monitoring Bertagnolio, P. P. Muscari, G. Baskaradas, J. A. Bertagnolio, P. P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Muscari, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Baskaradas, J. A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/2122/7360 http://server-geolab.agr.unifi.it/public/completed/2012_EuJRS_45_051_061_Bertagnolio.pdf https://doi.org/10.5721/EuJRS20124506 en eng Associazione Italiana Telerilevamento EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING / 42(2012) Benz A. O., Grigis, P. C., Hungerbühler, V., Meyer, H., Monstein, C., Stuber, B. and 284 Zardet, D. (2008) - A broadband FFT spectrometer for radio and millimeter astronomy. 285 Astronomy & Astrophysics, 442: 767-773. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053568 Deuber, B., Kämpfer, N., and Feist, D. G. (2004) - A New 22-286 GHz Radiometer for 287 Middle Atmospheric Water Vapor Profile Measurements, IEEE T. Geosci. Remote, 42, 288 974–984. 3362. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2004.825581 289 • de Zafra R. L. and Muscari G. (2004) - CO as an important high-altitude tracer of 290 dynamics in the polar stratosphere and mesosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 109: D06105. 291 doi:10.1029/2003JD004099 292 • Forkman P., Eriksson P. and Winnberg A. (2002) -The 22 GHz radio-aeronomy receiver 293 at Onsala Space Observatory, J. Quant. Spec. Rad. Trans., Vol 77, 1, pag.23-42. 294 doi:10.1016/S0022-4073(02)00073-0 295 • IPCC (2007) - Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of 296 Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on 297 Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New 298 York, NY, USA. 299 • Janssen, M.A. (1993), Atmospheric remote sensing by microwave radiometry, John 300 Wiley, New York. p. 24 etc. 301 • Nedoluha, G. E., R. M. Bevilacqua, R. M. Gomez, D. L. Thacker, W. B. Waltman, and 302 T. A. Pauls (1995) - Ground-based measurements of water vapor in the middle 303 atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 100(D2), 2927–2939, doi:10.1029/94JD02952. 304 • Nedoluha, G. E., R. M. Gomez, B. C. Hicks, J. E. Wrotny, C. Boone, and A. Lambert 305 (2009) -Water vapor measurements in the mesosphere from Mauna Loa over solar cycle 306 23, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D23303. doi:10.1029/2009JD012504. 307 • Parrish A., deZafra R. L., Solomon P. M. and Barrett J. W. (1988) - A ground-based 308 technique for millimeter wave spectroscopic observations of stratospheric trace 309 constituents. Radio Science. 23(2): 106–118. doi:10.1029/RS023i002p00106 310 • Rodgers, C. D. (2000) - Inverse method for atmospheric sounding, Series on 311 atmospheric, oceanic and Planetary Physics - vol.2, Taylor, F. W., World Scientific 312 Publishing Co. Pte LTd, Singapore. 313 • Rudge, A. W. (1982) - The handbook of antenna design: 1. Peregrinus, London. pp. 314 650-651. 315 • Solomon S., Rosenlof K. H., Portmann R. W., Daniel J. S., Davis S. M, Sanford T. J and 316 Plattner G.-K. (2010) - Contributions of Stratospheric Water Vapor to Decadal Changes 317 in the Rate of Global Warming. Science, 327: 1219-1223. doi:10.1126/science.1182488. 318 • Straub, C., A. Murk, N. Kämpfer, S. H. W. Golchert, G. Hochschild, K. Hallgren, and P. 319 Hartogh (2011) - ARIS-Campaign: intercomparison of three ground based 22 GHz 320 radiometers for middle atmospheric water vapor at the Zugspitze in winter 2009, Atmos. 321 Meas. Tech. Discuss., 4, 3359–3400. doi:10.5194/amtd-4-3359-2011 322 • Teniente R., Goni, D., Gonzalo, R. and del-Rio, C. (2005) - Choked Gaussian Antenna: 323 extremely low sidelobe compact antenna design. IEEE Antennas and Wireless 324 Propagation Letters, 1: 200 – 202. doi:10.1109/LAWP.2002.807959 http://hdl.handle.net/2122/7360 http://server-geolab.agr.unifi.it/public/completed/2012_EuJRS_45_051_061_Bertagnolio.pdf doi:10.5721/EuJRS20124506 open microwave remote sensing water vapour stratosphere Antarctica antenna measurements 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.99. General or miscellaneous 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.08. Instruments and techniques article 2012 ftingv https://doi.org/10.5721/EuJRS20124506 2022-07-29T06:06:05Z The water Vapour Emission SPectrometer for Antarctica at 22 GHz (VESPA-22) has been 15 designed for long-term middle atmospheric climate change monitoring and satellite data 16 validation. It observes the water vapour spectral line at 22.235 GHz using the balanced beam17 switching technique. The receiver antenna has been characterized, showing an HPBW of 3.5°and a sidelobe level 40 dB below the main lobe. The receiver front-end has a total gain of 105 dB and a LNA noise temperature of 125 K. A FFT spectrometer (bandwidth 1 GHz, resolution 63 20 kHz) will be used as back-end, allowing the retrieval of H2O concentration profiles in the 20 to 80 km altitude range. The control I/O interface is based on reconfigurable hardware (USB22 CPLD). Published 51-61 1.7. Osservazioni di alta e media atmosfera 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento N/A or not JCR open Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Earth-Prints (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) Alta European Journal of Remote Sensing 45 1 51 61

Development of a 22 GHz ground-based 1 spectrometer for middle atmospheric water vapour monitoring

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