Geomagnetic Field Behavior at High Latitudes from a Paleomagnetic Record from Eltanin Core 27-21 in the Ross Sea Sector, Antarctica
We present a high-resolution paleomagnetic record from 682 discrete samples from Eltanin 27-21 (69.03°S 179.83°E), a 16-meter long piston core recovered in 1968 at a water depth of 3456 meters by the USNS Eltanin as part of Operation Deep Freeze. After removal of a low-coercivity overprint, most sam...
Published in: | Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
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Main Authors: | , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Manuscript |
Language: | English |
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2007
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/2122/3013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2007.12.006 |
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ftingv:oai:www.earth-prints.org:2122/3013 |
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institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Earth-Prints (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) |
op_collection_id |
ftingv |
language |
English |
topic |
Antarctica Eltanin tangent cylinder geomagnetism paleomagnetism magnetostratigraphy Ross Sea geodynamo 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.02. Geomagnetic field variations and reversals |
spellingShingle |
Antarctica Eltanin tangent cylinder geomagnetism paleomagnetism magnetostratigraphy Ross Sea geodynamo 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.02. Geomagnetic field variations and reversals Jovane, L. Florindo, F. Acton, G. Verosub, K. L. Geomagnetic Field Behavior at High Latitudes from a Paleomagnetic Record from Eltanin Core 27-21 in the Ross Sea Sector, Antarctica |
topic_facet |
Antarctica Eltanin tangent cylinder geomagnetism paleomagnetism magnetostratigraphy Ross Sea geodynamo 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.02. Geomagnetic field variations and reversals |
description |
We present a high-resolution paleomagnetic record from 682 discrete samples from Eltanin 27-21 (69.03°S 179.83°E), a 16-meter long piston core recovered in 1968 at a water depth of 3456 meters by the USNS Eltanin as part of Operation Deep Freeze. After removal of a low-coercivity overprint, most samples yield stable characteristic remanent magnetization directions. The downhole variation in the magnetic inclination provides a well-resolved magnetostratigraphy from the Brunhes Chron (0-0.78 Ma), through the Reunion Subchron (2.128-2.148 Ma), and into Chron C2r.2r. The sedimentation rates are sufficiently high that even short-term geomagnetic features, like the Cobb Mountain excursion, are resolved. The record from Eltanin 27-21 provides new insights into the behavior of the geomagnetic field at high latitudes, about which very little is currently known. Using the variability in the inclinations during stable polarity intervals, we estimate that the dispersion in the paleomagnetic pole position over the past ~2 Myr is 30.3°±4.3°, which is significantly greater than observed at low to mid latitude sites. The higher dispersion observed at Eltanin 27-21 is consistent with numerical modeling of the geodynamo. That modeling has shown that polar vortices can develop in the Earth’s core within the tangent cylinder, defined as the cylinder coaxial with the Earth’s rotation axis and tangent to the inner core/outer core boundary. The polar vortices produce vigorous fluid motion in the core, which creates greater geomagnetic field variability above the tangent cylinder at the surface of the Earth. The tangent cylinder intersects the Earth’s surface in the polar regions at 69.6° latitude, which is very close to the latitude of Eltanin 27-21. NSF and INGV In press 25 2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo JCR Journal open |
author2 |
Jovane, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Florindo, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Acton, G.; University of California, Davis Verosub, K. L.; University of California, Davis Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia University of California, Davis |
format |
Manuscript |
author |
Jovane, L. Florindo, F. Acton, G. Verosub, K. L. |
author_facet |
Jovane, L. Florindo, F. Acton, G. Verosub, K. L. |
author_sort |
Jovane, L. |
title |
Geomagnetic Field Behavior at High Latitudes from a Paleomagnetic Record from Eltanin Core 27-21 in the Ross Sea Sector, Antarctica |
title_short |
Geomagnetic Field Behavior at High Latitudes from a Paleomagnetic Record from Eltanin Core 27-21 in the Ross Sea Sector, Antarctica |
title_full |
Geomagnetic Field Behavior at High Latitudes from a Paleomagnetic Record from Eltanin Core 27-21 in the Ross Sea Sector, Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Geomagnetic Field Behavior at High Latitudes from a Paleomagnetic Record from Eltanin Core 27-21 in the Ross Sea Sector, Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Geomagnetic Field Behavior at High Latitudes from a Paleomagnetic Record from Eltanin Core 27-21 in the Ross Sea Sector, Antarctica |
title_sort |
geomagnetic field behavior at high latitudes from a paleomagnetic record from eltanin core 27-21 in the ross sea sector, antarctica |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2122/3013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2007.12.006 |
geographic |
Ross Sea |
geographic_facet |
Ross Sea |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Arctic Ross Sea |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Arctic Ross Sea |
op_relation |
Earth and Planetary Science Letters Acton, G.D., Guyodo, Y., Brachfeld S.A., 2002. Magnetostratigraphy of sediment drifts on the continental rise of West Antarctica (ODP Leg 178, Sites 1095, 1096, and 1101), In: P.F. Barker, A. Camerlenghi, G.D. Acton, A.T.S. Ramsay, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Volume 178, College Station, Texas, Ocean Drilling Program, pp. 1000. Arason, P., Levi, S., 2006a. The maximum likelihood solution to inclination-only data. Eos trans. AGU 86 (62) Fall Meet. Abstract GP21B-1312. Arason, P., Levi, S., 2006b, The Maximum Likelihood Solution for Inclination-only Data, unpublished report downloaded 21 June 2007 from http://andvari.vedur.is/~arason/paleomag/ . Aurnou, J.M., S. Andreadis, L. Zhu, P.L. Olson, 2003. Experiments on convection in Earth's core tangent cylinder. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 212, 119-134. Baraldo, A., Rapalini, A.E., Böhnel, H, Mena1, M., 2003. Paleomagnetic study of Deception Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Geophys. J. Int. 153, 333-343. Bloxham, J., Jackson, A., 1992. Time-dependent mapping of the magnetic field at the core-mantle boundary. J. Geophys. Res. 97, 19537-19563. Cox, A., 1969. Confidence limits for the precision parameter κ. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc. 18, 545-549. Cox, A., Gordon, R.G., 1984. Paleolatitudes determined from paleomagnetic data from vertical cores. Rev. Geophys. Space Physics 22, 47-72. Fillon, R.H., 1975. Late Cenozoic Paleo-Oceanography Of Ross Sea, Antarctica. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 86, 839-845. Glatzmaier, G.A., Roberts, P.H., 1995. A three-dimensional convective dynamo solution with rotating and finitely conducting inner core and mantle. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 91, 63-75. Goodell, H.G., 1968. USNS Eltanin Cruises 16-27, core descriptions: Sedimentology Research Laboratory Contribution, n. 25, Department of Geology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 247 p., http://www.arf.fsu.edu/publications/ELT_16_27.pdf. Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., Smith, A.G., 2004. A Geological Time Scale 2004: Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 589 p. Gubbins, D., Bloxham, J., 1985. Geomagnetic field analysis – III. Magnetic fields on the core-mantle boundary. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc. 80, 695–713. Gubbins, D., Bloxham, J., 1987. Morphology of the geomagnetic field and implications for the geodynamo. Nature 325, 509-511. Gubbins, D., Jones, A.L., Finlay, C.C., 2006. Fall in Earth's magnetic field is erratic. Science 312, 900-902. Hulot, G., Eymin, C., Langlais, B., Mandea, M., Olsen, N., 2002. Small-scale structure of the geodynamo inferred from Oersted and Magsat satellite data. Nature 416, 620-623. Kennett, J.P., 1977. Cenozoic evolution of Antarctic glaciation, the Circum-Antarctic Ocean, and their impact on global paleoceanography. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 3843-3860. Kirschvink, J.L., 1980. The least-squares line and plane and the analysis of paleomagnetic data. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc. 62, 699-718. Kodama, K.P., 1997. A successful rock magnetic technique for correcting paleomagnetic inclination shallowing: Case study of the Nacimiento Formation, New Mexico. J. Geophys. Res. 102, 5193-5205. Kuang, W., Bloxham, J., 1997. An Earth-like numerical dynamo model. Nature 389, 371-374. Jackson, A. Jonkers, A.R.T., Walker, M.R., 2000. Four centuries of geomagnetic secular variation from historical records. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. A 358, 957-990. Hartl, P., Tauxe, L., 1996. A precursor to the Matuyama/Brunhes transition-field instability as recorded in pelagic sediments. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 138, 121-135. Hulot, G., Eymin, C., Langlais, B., Mandea, M., Olsen, N., 2002. Small- scale structure of the geodynamo inferred from Oersted and Magsat satellite data. Nature 416, 620-623. McFadden, P.L., Reid, A.B., 1982. Analysis of palaeomagnetic inclination data. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc. 69, 307-319. Nowaczyk, N.R., Frederichs, T.W., Kassens, H., Norgaard-Pedersen, N., Spielhagen, R.F., Stein, R., Weiel, D., 2001. Sedimentation rates in the Makarov Basin, central Artic Ocean: A paleomagnetic and rock magnetic approach. Paleoceanography 16, 368-389. Nowaczyk, N.R., Knies, J., 2000. Magnetostratigraphic results from eastern Arctic Ocean-AMS 14C ages and relative paleointensity data of the Mono Lake and Laschamp geomagnetic reversal excursions. Geophys. J. Int. 140, 185-197. Nowaczyk, N.R., Frederichs, T.W., Eisenhauer, A., Gard, G., 1994. Magnetostratigraphic data from late Quaternary sediments from the Yermak Plateau, Arctic Ocean: Evidence for four geomagnetic polarity events within the last 170 Ka of the Brunhes Chron. Geophys. J. Int. 117, 453-471. Olson, P., Sumita, I., Aurnou, J., 2002. Diffusive magnetic images of upwelling patterns in the core. Geophys. J. Int. 107, 2348, doi:10.1029/2001JB000384. Olson, P., Aurnou, P., 1999. A polar vortex in the Earth's core. Nature 402, 170-173. Quidelleur, X., Courtillot, V., 1996. On low-degree spherical harmonic models of paleosecular variation. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 95, 55-77. Quidelleur, X., Valet, J.-P., Courtillot, V., Hulot, G., 1994. Long-term geometry of the geomagnetic field for the last five million years; an updated secular variation database. Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 1639-1642. Singer, B.S., Relle, M.K., Hoffman, K.A., Battle, A., Laj, C., Guillou, H., Carracedo, J. C., 2002. Ar/Ar ages from transitionally magnetized lavas on La Palma, Canary Islands, and the geomagnetic instability timescale. J. Geophys. Res. 107, 2307, doi:10.1029/2001JB001613. Spielhagen, R.F., Baumann, K.-H., Erlenkeuser, H., Nowaczyk, N.R., Norgaard-Pedersen, N., Vogt, C., Weiel, D., 2004. Arctic Ocean deep-sea record of northern Eurasian ice sheet history. Quat. Sci. Rev. 23, 1455-1483. Tauxe, L., 2005. Inclination flattening and the geocentric axial dipole hypothesis. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 233, 247-261. Tauxe, L., Gans, P., Mankinen, E.A., 2004. Paleomagnetism and Ar-40/Ar-39 ages from volcanics extruded during the Matuyama and Brunhes Chrons near McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Geochem. Geophys. Geosys. 5, Q06H12. Wardinski, I., Holme, R., 2006. A time-dependent model of the Earth's magnetic field and its secular variation for the period 1980-2000. J. Geophys. Res. 111, B12101. Watkins, N.D., Kennett, J.P., 1972. Regional sedimentary disconformities and upper Cenozoic changes in bottom water velocity between Australia and Antarctica, In: Hayes, D.E. (Eds.), Antarctic Oceanology II, The Australian-New Zealand Sector. Antartic Research Series 19, 273-294. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/3013 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.12.006 |
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ftingv:oai:www.earth-prints.org:2122/3013 2023-05-15T13:51:39+02:00 Geomagnetic Field Behavior at High Latitudes from a Paleomagnetic Record from Eltanin Core 27-21 in the Ross Sea Sector, Antarctica Jovane, L. Florindo, F. Acton, G. Verosub, K. L. Jovane, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Florindo, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Acton, G.; University of California, Davis Verosub, K. L.; University of California, Davis Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia University of California, Davis 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/2122/3013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2007.12.006 en eng Earth and Planetary Science Letters Acton, G.D., Guyodo, Y., Brachfeld S.A., 2002. Magnetostratigraphy of sediment drifts on the continental rise of West Antarctica (ODP Leg 178, Sites 1095, 1096, and 1101), In: P.F. Barker, A. Camerlenghi, G.D. Acton, A.T.S. Ramsay, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Volume 178, College Station, Texas, Ocean Drilling Program, pp. 1000. Arason, P., Levi, S., 2006a. The maximum likelihood solution to inclination-only data. Eos trans. AGU 86 (62) Fall Meet. Abstract GP21B-1312. Arason, P., Levi, S., 2006b, The Maximum Likelihood Solution for Inclination-only Data, unpublished report downloaded 21 June 2007 from http://andvari.vedur.is/~arason/paleomag/ . Aurnou, J.M., S. Andreadis, L. Zhu, P.L. Olson, 2003. Experiments on convection in Earth's core tangent cylinder. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 212, 119-134. Baraldo, A., Rapalini, A.E., Böhnel, H, Mena1, M., 2003. Paleomagnetic study of Deception Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Geophys. J. Int. 153, 333-343. Bloxham, J., Jackson, A., 1992. Time-dependent mapping of the magnetic field at the core-mantle boundary. J. Geophys. Res. 97, 19537-19563. Cox, A., 1969. Confidence limits for the precision parameter κ. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc. 18, 545-549. Cox, A., Gordon, R.G., 1984. Paleolatitudes determined from paleomagnetic data from vertical cores. Rev. Geophys. Space Physics 22, 47-72. Fillon, R.H., 1975. Late Cenozoic Paleo-Oceanography Of Ross Sea, Antarctica. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 86, 839-845. Glatzmaier, G.A., Roberts, P.H., 1995. A three-dimensional convective dynamo solution with rotating and finitely conducting inner core and mantle. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 91, 63-75. Goodell, H.G., 1968. USNS Eltanin Cruises 16-27, core descriptions: Sedimentology Research Laboratory Contribution, n. 25, Department of Geology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 247 p., http://www.arf.fsu.edu/publications/ELT_16_27.pdf. Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., Smith, A.G., 2004. A Geological Time Scale 2004: Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 589 p. Gubbins, D., Bloxham, J., 1985. Geomagnetic field analysis – III. Magnetic fields on the core-mantle boundary. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc. 80, 695–713. Gubbins, D., Bloxham, J., 1987. Morphology of the geomagnetic field and implications for the geodynamo. Nature 325, 509-511. Gubbins, D., Jones, A.L., Finlay, C.C., 2006. Fall in Earth's magnetic field is erratic. Science 312, 900-902. Hulot, G., Eymin, C., Langlais, B., Mandea, M., Olsen, N., 2002. Small-scale structure of the geodynamo inferred from Oersted and Magsat satellite data. Nature 416, 620-623. Kennett, J.P., 1977. Cenozoic evolution of Antarctic glaciation, the Circum-Antarctic Ocean, and their impact on global paleoceanography. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 3843-3860. Kirschvink, J.L., 1980. The least-squares line and plane and the analysis of paleomagnetic data. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc. 62, 699-718. Kodama, K.P., 1997. A successful rock magnetic technique for correcting paleomagnetic inclination shallowing: Case study of the Nacimiento Formation, New Mexico. J. Geophys. Res. 102, 5193-5205. Kuang, W., Bloxham, J., 1997. An Earth-like numerical dynamo model. Nature 389, 371-374. Jackson, A. Jonkers, A.R.T., Walker, M.R., 2000. Four centuries of geomagnetic secular variation from historical records. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. A 358, 957-990. Hartl, P., Tauxe, L., 1996. A precursor to the Matuyama/Brunhes transition-field instability as recorded in pelagic sediments. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 138, 121-135. Hulot, G., Eymin, C., Langlais, B., Mandea, M., Olsen, N., 2002. Small- scale structure of the geodynamo inferred from Oersted and Magsat satellite data. Nature 416, 620-623. McFadden, P.L., Reid, A.B., 1982. Analysis of palaeomagnetic inclination data. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc. 69, 307-319. Nowaczyk, N.R., Frederichs, T.W., Kassens, H., Norgaard-Pedersen, N., Spielhagen, R.F., Stein, R., Weiel, D., 2001. Sedimentation rates in the Makarov Basin, central Artic Ocean: A paleomagnetic and rock magnetic approach. Paleoceanography 16, 368-389. Nowaczyk, N.R., Knies, J., 2000. Magnetostratigraphic results from eastern Arctic Ocean-AMS 14C ages and relative paleointensity data of the Mono Lake and Laschamp geomagnetic reversal excursions. Geophys. J. Int. 140, 185-197. Nowaczyk, N.R., Frederichs, T.W., Eisenhauer, A., Gard, G., 1994. Magnetostratigraphic data from late Quaternary sediments from the Yermak Plateau, Arctic Ocean: Evidence for four geomagnetic polarity events within the last 170 Ka of the Brunhes Chron. Geophys. J. Int. 117, 453-471. Olson, P., Sumita, I., Aurnou, J., 2002. Diffusive magnetic images of upwelling patterns in the core. Geophys. J. Int. 107, 2348, doi:10.1029/2001JB000384. Olson, P., Aurnou, P., 1999. A polar vortex in the Earth's core. Nature 402, 170-173. Quidelleur, X., Courtillot, V., 1996. On low-degree spherical harmonic models of paleosecular variation. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 95, 55-77. Quidelleur, X., Valet, J.-P., Courtillot, V., Hulot, G., 1994. Long-term geometry of the geomagnetic field for the last five million years; an updated secular variation database. Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 1639-1642. Singer, B.S., Relle, M.K., Hoffman, K.A., Battle, A., Laj, C., Guillou, H., Carracedo, J. C., 2002. Ar/Ar ages from transitionally magnetized lavas on La Palma, Canary Islands, and the geomagnetic instability timescale. J. Geophys. Res. 107, 2307, doi:10.1029/2001JB001613. Spielhagen, R.F., Baumann, K.-H., Erlenkeuser, H., Nowaczyk, N.R., Norgaard-Pedersen, N., Vogt, C., Weiel, D., 2004. Arctic Ocean deep-sea record of northern Eurasian ice sheet history. Quat. Sci. Rev. 23, 1455-1483. Tauxe, L., 2005. Inclination flattening and the geocentric axial dipole hypothesis. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 233, 247-261. Tauxe, L., Gans, P., Mankinen, E.A., 2004. Paleomagnetism and Ar-40/Ar-39 ages from volcanics extruded during the Matuyama and Brunhes Chrons near McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Geochem. Geophys. Geosys. 5, Q06H12. Wardinski, I., Holme, R., 2006. A time-dependent model of the Earth's magnetic field and its secular variation for the period 1980-2000. J. Geophys. Res. 111, B12101. Watkins, N.D., Kennett, J.P., 1972. Regional sedimentary disconformities and upper Cenozoic changes in bottom water velocity between Australia and Antarctica, In: Hayes, D.E. (Eds.), Antarctic Oceanology II, The Australian-New Zealand Sector. Antartic Research Series 19, 273-294. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/3013 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.12.006 open Antarctica Eltanin tangent cylinder geomagnetism paleomagnetism magnetostratigraphy Ross Sea geodynamo 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.02. Geomagnetic field variations and reversals manuscript 2007 ftingv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2007.12.006 https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000384 2022-07-29T06:04:38Z We present a high-resolution paleomagnetic record from 682 discrete samples from Eltanin 27-21 (69.03°S 179.83°E), a 16-meter long piston core recovered in 1968 at a water depth of 3456 meters by the USNS Eltanin as part of Operation Deep Freeze. After removal of a low-coercivity overprint, most samples yield stable characteristic remanent magnetization directions. The downhole variation in the magnetic inclination provides a well-resolved magnetostratigraphy from the Brunhes Chron (0-0.78 Ma), through the Reunion Subchron (2.128-2.148 Ma), and into Chron C2r.2r. The sedimentation rates are sufficiently high that even short-term geomagnetic features, like the Cobb Mountain excursion, are resolved. The record from Eltanin 27-21 provides new insights into the behavior of the geomagnetic field at high latitudes, about which very little is currently known. Using the variability in the inclinations during stable polarity intervals, we estimate that the dispersion in the paleomagnetic pole position over the past ~2 Myr is 30.3°±4.3°, which is significantly greater than observed at low to mid latitude sites. The higher dispersion observed at Eltanin 27-21 is consistent with numerical modeling of the geodynamo. That modeling has shown that polar vortices can develop in the Earth’s core within the tangent cylinder, defined as the cylinder coaxial with the Earth’s rotation axis and tangent to the inner core/outer core boundary. The polar vortices produce vigorous fluid motion in the core, which creates greater geomagnetic field variability above the tangent cylinder at the surface of the Earth. The tangent cylinder intersects the Earth’s surface in the polar regions at 69.6° latitude, which is very close to the latitude of Eltanin 27-21. NSF and INGV In press 25 2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo JCR Journal open Manuscript Antarc* Antarctica Arctic Ross Sea Earth-Prints (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) Ross Sea Earth and Planetary Science Letters 267 3-4 435 443 |