The Estimation of Lava Flow Temperatures Using Landsat Night-Time Images: Case Studies from Eruptions of Mt. Etna and Stromboli (Sicily, Italy), Kīlauea (Hawaii Island), and Eyjafjallajökull and Holuhraun (Iceland)

• Published in: Remote Sensing
• Main Authors: Nádudvari, Ádám, Abramowicz, Anna, Maniscalco, Rosanna, Viccaro, Marco
• Other Authors: Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, 60 B ̨edzi ́nska Street, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Pola, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Universitàdi Catania, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione OE, Catania, Italia
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI 2020
• Subjects: Etna; Holuhraun; Eyjafjallajökull; Iceland
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2122/14485; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12162537

Using satellite-based remote sensing to investigate volcanic eruptions is a common approach for preliminary research, chiefly because a great amount of freely available data can be effectively accessed. Here, Landsat 4-5TM, 7ETM+, and 8OLI night-time satellite images are used to estimate lava flow temperatures and radiation heat fluxes from selected volcanic eruptions worldwide. After retrieving the spectral radiance, the pixel values were transformed into temperatures using the calculated calibration constants. Results showed that the TIR and SWIR bands were saturated and unable to detect temperatures over the active lava flows. However, temperatures were effectively detected over the active lava flows in the range ~500–1060 ◦C applying the NIR-, red-, green- or blue-band. Application of the panchromatic band with 15 m resolution also revealed details of lava flow morphology. The calculated radiant heat flux for the lava flows accords with increasing cooling either with slope or with distance from the vent. Published 2537 5IT. Osservazioni satellitari JCR Journal