A fleet of multiparameter observatories for geophysical and environmental monitoring at seafloor
Seafloor long-term, multiparameter, single-frame observatories have been developed within the framework of European Commission and Italian projects since 1995. A fleet of five seafloor observatories, built-up starting from 1995 within the framework of an effective synergy among research institutes a...
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2006
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/2122/1060 |
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ftingv:oai:www.earth-prints.org:2122/1060 |
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Earth-Prints (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) |
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language |
English |
topic |
long-term multidisciplinary seafloor observatories geophysical and environmental seabed monitoring 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.05. Instruments and techniques |
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long-term multidisciplinary seafloor observatories geophysical and environmental seabed monitoring 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.05. Instruments and techniques Favali, P. Beranzoli, L. D'Anna, G. Gasparoni, F. Marvaldi, J. Clauss, G. Gerber, H. W. Nicot, M. Marani, M. P. Gamberi, F. Millot, C. Flueh, E. R. A fleet of multiparameter observatories for geophysical and environmental monitoring at seafloor |
topic_facet |
long-term multidisciplinary seafloor observatories geophysical and environmental seabed monitoring 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.05. Instruments and techniques |
description |
Seafloor long-term, multiparameter, single-frame observatories have been developed within the framework of European Commission and Italian projects since 1995. A fleet of five seafloor observatories, built-up starting from 1995 within the framework of an effective synergy among research institutes and industries, have carried out a series of long-term sea experiments. The observatories are able to operate from shallow waters to deep sea, down to 4,000 m w.d., and to simultaneously monitor a broad spectrum of geophysical and environmental processes, including seismicity, geomagnetic field variations, water temperature, pressure, salinity, chemistry, currents, and gas occurrence. Moreover, they can transmit data in (near)-real-time that can be integrated with those of the on-land networks. The architecture of the seafloor observatories follows the criteria of modularity, interoperability and standardisation in terms of materials, components and communication protocols. This paper describes the technical features of the observatories, their experiments and data. JCR Journal open |
author2 |
Favali, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Beranzoli, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia D'Anna, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Gasparoni, F.; Tecnomare-ENI S.p.A., Venezia (Italy) Marvaldi, J.; IFREMER, Brest (France) Clauss, G.; Technische Universität Berlin (Germany) Gerber, H. W.; TFH Berlin – University of Applied Sciences, Berlin, Germany Nicot, M.; SERCEL-Underwater Acoustic Division (former ORCA Instrumentation), Brest (France) Marani, M. P.; Istituto di Scienze Marine-CNR, Sezione di Geologia Marina, Bologna (Italy) Gamberi, F.; Istituto di Scienze Marine-CNR, Sezione di Geologia Marina, Bologna (Italy) Millot, C.; Laboratoire d’Océanographie et de Biogéochimie-CNRS, Marseille (France) Flueh, E. R.; IFM-GEOMAR, Kiel (Germany) Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Tecnomare-ENI S.p.A., Venezia (Italy) IFREMER, Brest (France) Technische Universität Berlin (Germany) TFH Berlin – University of Applied Sciences, Berlin, Germany SERCEL-Underwater Acoustic Division (former ORCA Instrumentation), Brest (France) Istituto di Scienze Marine-CNR, Sezione di Geologia Marina, Bologna (Italy) Laboratoire d’Océanographie et de Biogéochimie-CNRS, Marseille (France) IFM-GEOMAR, Kiel (Germany) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Favali, P. Beranzoli, L. D'Anna, G. Gasparoni, F. Marvaldi, J. Clauss, G. Gerber, H. W. Nicot, M. Marani, M. P. Gamberi, F. Millot, C. Flueh, E. R. |
author_facet |
Favali, P. Beranzoli, L. D'Anna, G. Gasparoni, F. Marvaldi, J. Clauss, G. Gerber, H. W. Nicot, M. Marani, M. P. Gamberi, F. Millot, C. Flueh, E. R. |
author_sort |
Favali, P. |
title |
A fleet of multiparameter observatories for geophysical and environmental monitoring at seafloor |
title_short |
A fleet of multiparameter observatories for geophysical and environmental monitoring at seafloor |
title_full |
A fleet of multiparameter observatories for geophysical and environmental monitoring at seafloor |
title_fullStr |
A fleet of multiparameter observatories for geophysical and environmental monitoring at seafloor |
title_full_unstemmed |
A fleet of multiparameter observatories for geophysical and environmental monitoring at seafloor |
title_sort |
fleet of multiparameter observatories for geophysical and environmental monitoring at seafloor |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2122/1060 |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_relation |
Annals of geophysic 2-3/49(2006) GEOSTAR: a Geophysical and Oceanographic STation for Abyssal Research, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 108, 175-183. Beranzoli, L., T. Braun, M. Calcara, D. Calore, R. Campaci, J.-M. Coudeville, A. De Santis, G. Etiope, P. Favali, F. Frugoni, J-.L. Fuda, F. Gamberi, F. Gasparoni, H.W. Gerber, M.P. Marani, J. Marvaldi, C. Millot, P. Palangio, G. Romeo and G. Smriglio (2000a): European seafloor observatory offers new possibilities for deep-sea study, EOS Trans. AGU, 81, 45-49. Beranzoli, L., T. Braun, M. Calcara, A. De Santis, D. Di Mauro, G. Etiope, P. Favali, F. Frugoni, C. Montuori, P. Palangio, G. Romeo, G. Smriglio, F. Gamberi, M.P. Marani, J.-L. Fuda and C. Millot (2000b): GEOSTAR, an observatory for deep-sea geophysical and oceanographic researches: characteristics, first scientific mission and future activity, Mem. Soc. Geol. It., 55, 491-497. Beranzoli, L., P. Favali and G. Smriglio (Eds.) (2002): Science-Technology Synergy for Research in Marine Environment: Challenges for the XXI Century, Developments in Marine Technology, 12 (Elsevier, Amsterdam), pp.268. Beranzoli, L., T. Braun, M. Calcara, P. Casale, A. De Santis, G. D’Anna, D. Di Mauro, G. Etiope, P. Favali, J.-L. Fuda, F. Frugoni, F. Gamberi, M.P. Marani, C. Millot, C. Montuori and G. Smriglio (2003): Mission results from the first GEOSTAR observatory (Adriatic Sea, 1998), Earth Planets Space, 55, 361-373. Beranzoli, L., D. Calore, P. Favali, J. Marvaldi and M. Nicot (2004): ORION-GEOSTAR-3: A Prototype of seafloor network of observatories for geophysical, oceanographic and environmental monitoring, Proceedings 14th International Off-shore and Polar Engineering Conference (Toulon, France), vol. II, 371-376. Berta, M., F. Gasparoni and M. Capobianco, 1995. Abyssal Benthic Laboratory (ABEL): a novel approach for long-term investigation at abyssal depths, J. Mar. Syst., 6, 211-225. Blandin, J., R. Person, J.M. Strout, P. Briole, G. Etiope, M. Masson, S. Smolders, V. Lykousis, G. Ferentinos and J. Legrand (2003): ASSEM: a new concept of regional observatory, Proceedings 3rd International Workshop on Scientific use of submarine cables and Related technologies (Tokyo, Japan), IEEE Catalogue number: 03EX660/ISBN: 0-7803-7775-3, 240-243. Calcara, M., L. Beranzoli, T. Braun, D. Calore, A. De Santis, G. Etiope, P. Favali, F. Frugoni, F. Gasparoni, C. Montuori and G. Smriglio (2001): MABEL: a multidisciplinary benthic laboratory for deep sea, long-term monitoring in the Antarctic, Terra Antarctica, 8, 115-118. Cenedese, S., M. Calcara, G. D’Anna, K.-U. Evers, P. Favali and F. Gasparoni (2004): MABEL: The first seafloor observatory for multidisciplinary long-term monitoring in polar environment, Proceedings 14th International Off-shore and Polar Engineering Conference (Toulon, France), vol. I, 787-794. Chave, A.D., R. Butler and T.E. Pyle (Eds.) (1990): Proceedings 1st International Workshop on Scientific uses of undersea cables (Honolulu, Hawaii), JOI Washington D.C., pp.310. Clauss, G. and S. Hoog (2002): Deep sea challenges of marine technology and oceanographic engineering, in Science-Technology Synergy for Research in the Marine Environment: Challenges for the XXI Century, Developments in Marine Technology, 12, edited by Beranzoli, L., P. Favali and G. Smriglio (Elsevier, Amsterdam), 133-142. Clauss, G., S. Hoog, F. Stempinski and H.W. Gerber (2004): Advanced Deepwater Intervention with MODUS – Latest results from model tests and full-scale operations, Proceedings 14th International Off-shore and Polar Engineering Conference (Toulon, France), vol. II, 377-386. De Santis, A., D. Di Mauro, L. Cafarella, R. D'Anna, L. Gaya-Pique, P. Palangio, G. Romeo and R. Tozzi (2006): Deep seafloor magnetic observations under GEOSTAR project, Ann. Geophys., 49/1 (this volume). Etiope, G., P. Favali, J.-L. Fuda, F. Italiano, M. Laubenstein, C. Millot and W. Plastino (2006): The Benthic Boundary Layer: geochemical and oceanographic data from the GEOSTAR-2 observatory, Ann. Geophys., 49/1 (this volume). Favali, P., G. Smriglio, L. Beranzoli, T. Braun, M. Calcara, G. D’Anna, A. De Santis, D. Di Mauro, G. Etiope, F. Frugoni, V. Iafolla, S. Monna, C. Montuori, S. Nozzoli, P. Palangio and G. Romeo (2002): Towards a permanent deep sea observatory: the GEOSTAR European experiment, in Science-Technology Synergy for Research in the Marine Environment: Challenges for the XXI Century, Developments in Marine Technology, 12, edited by Beranzoli, L., P. Favali and G. Smriglio (Elsevier, Amsterdam), 111-120. Favali, P., SN-1 Team and NEMO Collaboration (2003): SN-1: the first node of the Italian seafloor observatory network – background and perspective, Proceedings 3rd International Workshop on Scientific use of submarine cables and Related technologies (Tokyo, Japan), 19-24. Favali, P., L. Beranzoli, M. Calcara, G. D’Anna, G. Etiope, F. Frugoni, N. Lo Bue, G. Marinaro, S. Monna, C. Montuori, T Sgroi, F. Gasparoni, S. Cenedese, F. Furlan, G. Ferentinos, G. Papatheodorou, D. Christodolou, J. Blandin, J. Marvaldi, J.-F. Rolin, G. Clauss, H.W. Gerber, J.-M. Coudeville, M. Nicot, E.R. Flueh, F. Gamberi, M.P. Marani and G. Neri (2004a): Single-frame multiparameter platforms for seafloor geophysical and environmental observations: projects and missions from GEOSTAR to ORION, Proceedings OCEANS’04 (Kobe, Japan), 2000-2007. Favali, P., L. Beranzoli and A. Maramai (2004b): Review of the Tyrrhenian Sea seismicity: how much is still to be unknown?, in From seafloor to deep mantle: architecture of the Tyrrhenian back-arc basin, Mem. Descr. C. Geol. d’It., LXIV, edited by Marani, M.P., F. Gamberi and E. Bonatti, 57-70. Favali, P. and L. Beranzoli (2006): Seafloor Observatory Science: a review, Ann. Geophys., 49/1 (this volume). Gasparoni, F., D. Calore and R. Campaci (2002): From ABEL to GEOSTAR: development of the first European deep-sea scientific observatory, in Science-Technology Synergy for Research in the Marine Environment: Challenges for the XXI Century, Developments in Marine Technology, 12, edited by Beranzoli, L., P. Favali and G. Smriglio (Elsevier, Amsterdam), 143-159. Gerber, H.W. and G. Clauss (2005): Space Shuttle MODUS – Key System for the Installation of Networks of Benthic Stations. Proceedings OMAE05. 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering (Halkidiki, Greece). Iafolla, V. and S. Nozzoli (2002): Gravimeter for deep-sea measurements, in Science-Technology Synergy for Research in the Marine Environment: Challenges for the XXI Century, Developments in Marine Technology, 12, edited by Beranzoli, L., P. Favali and G. Smriglio (Elsevier, Amsterdam), 183-197. Iafolla, V., S. Nozzoli, E. Fiorenza and V. Milyukov (2006): Deep-sea gravity measurements: GEOSTAR-2 mission results, Ann. 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Blandin (2004): GMM-a gas monitoring module for long-term detection of methane leakage from the seafloor, in GEM-Geologic Emissions of Methane from lands and seafloor: mud volcanoes and observing systems, Environmental Geology, 46/8 (dot: 10.1007/s00254-004-1092-2), edited by Etiope, G. and P. Favali, 1053-1058 Marvaldi, J., Y. Aoustin, G. Ayela, D. Barbot, J. Blandin, J.-M. Coudeville, D. Fellmann, G. Loaëc Ch. Podeur and A. Priou (2002): Design and realisation of communication systems for the GEOSTAR project, in Science-Technology Synergy for Research in the Marine Environment: Challenges for the XXI Century, Developments in Marine Technology, 12, edited by Beranzoli, L., P. Favali and G. Smriglio (Elsevier, Amsterdam), 161-181. Monna, S., F. Frugoni, C. Montuori, L. Beranzoli and P. Favali (2005): High quality seismological recordings from the SN-1 deep seafloor observatory in the Mt. Etna region, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L07303 doi:10.1029/2004GL021975). Montagner, J.-P. and Y. 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Mienert, N. Zitellini, R. Person, C. Millot, T.C.E. van Weering, H.W. Gerber, O. Pfannkuche, J.M.A. de Miranda, N. O’Neill, M. Klages, A. Tselepides, P. Sigray and L. Thomsen (2004): ESONET –European Sea Floor Observatory Network, Proceedings OCEANS’04 MTS/IEEE TECHNO-OCEAN’04 (Kobe, Japan), IEEE Catalogue number: 04CH37600C/ISBN: 0-7803-8670-1, 2155-2163. Rigaud, V., D. Semac, M. Nokin, DESIBEL Team, G. Tietze, H. Amann, V. Goetz and A. Pascoal (1998): New methods for Deep-Sea Intervention on future Benthic Laboratories, DESIBEL Project – Final Results, Comparison of concepts and at sea validation. Proceedings of the IEEE Conference OCEANS ’98 (Nice, France) (on CD-ROM). Romanowicz, B., K. Suyehiro and H. Kawakatsu (Eds.) (2001): OHP/ION Joint symposium Long-term observations in the Oceans. Current status and Perspectives for the future. Workshop report (Yamanashi Pref., Japan), pp.188. Utada, H., K. Noguchi, C. Harayama and N. Natsushima (Eds.) (1997): Proceedings International Workshop on Scientific use of submarine cables (Okinawa, Japan), pp.234. Thiel, H., K.O. Kirstein, C. Luth, U. Luth, G. Luther, L.A. Meyer-Reil, O. Pfannkuche and M. Weydert (1994): Scientific requirements for an abyssal benthic laboratory, J. Mar. Syst., 4, 421-439. Webb, S.C. (1998): Broad-band seismology and noise under the ocean, Rev. Geophys., 36(1), 105-142. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/1060 |
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ftingv:oai:www.earth-prints.org:2122/1060 2024-06-09T07:42:39+00:00 A fleet of multiparameter observatories for geophysical and environmental monitoring at seafloor Favali, P. Beranzoli, L. D'Anna, G. Gasparoni, F. Marvaldi, J. Clauss, G. Gerber, H. W. Nicot, M. Marani, M. P. Gamberi, F. Millot, C. Flueh, E. R. Favali, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Beranzoli, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia D'Anna, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Gasparoni, F.; Tecnomare-ENI S.p.A., Venezia (Italy) Marvaldi, J.; IFREMER, Brest (France) Clauss, G.; Technische Universität Berlin (Germany) Gerber, H. W.; TFH Berlin – University of Applied Sciences, Berlin, Germany Nicot, M.; SERCEL-Underwater Acoustic Division (former ORCA Instrumentation), Brest (France) Marani, M. P.; Istituto di Scienze Marine-CNR, Sezione di Geologia Marina, Bologna (Italy) Gamberi, F.; Istituto di Scienze Marine-CNR, Sezione di Geologia Marina, Bologna (Italy) Millot, C.; Laboratoire d’Océanographie et de Biogéochimie-CNRS, Marseille (France) Flueh, E. R.; IFM-GEOMAR, Kiel (Germany) Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Tecnomare-ENI S.p.A., Venezia (Italy) IFREMER, Brest (France) Technische Universität Berlin (Germany) TFH Berlin – University of Applied Sciences, Berlin, Germany SERCEL-Underwater Acoustic Division (former ORCA Instrumentation), Brest (France) Istituto di Scienze Marine-CNR, Sezione di Geologia Marina, Bologna (Italy) Laboratoire d’Océanographie et de Biogéochimie-CNRS, Marseille (France) IFM-GEOMAR, Kiel (Germany) 2006-03-20 6761143 bytes application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2122/1060 en eng Annals of geophysic 2-3/49(2006) GEOSTAR: a Geophysical and Oceanographic STation for Abyssal Research, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 108, 175-183. Beranzoli, L., T. Braun, M. Calcara, D. Calore, R. Campaci, J.-M. Coudeville, A. De Santis, G. Etiope, P. Favali, F. Frugoni, J-.L. Fuda, F. Gamberi, F. Gasparoni, H.W. Gerber, M.P. Marani, J. Marvaldi, C. Millot, P. Palangio, G. Romeo and G. Smriglio (2000a): European seafloor observatory offers new possibilities for deep-sea study, EOS Trans. AGU, 81, 45-49. Beranzoli, L., T. Braun, M. Calcara, A. De Santis, D. Di Mauro, G. Etiope, P. Favali, F. Frugoni, C. Montuori, P. Palangio, G. Romeo, G. Smriglio, F. Gamberi, M.P. Marani, J.-L. Fuda and C. Millot (2000b): GEOSTAR, an observatory for deep-sea geophysical and oceanographic researches: characteristics, first scientific mission and future activity, Mem. Soc. Geol. It., 55, 491-497. Beranzoli, L., P. Favali and G. Smriglio (Eds.) (2002): Science-Technology Synergy for Research in Marine Environment: Challenges for the XXI Century, Developments in Marine Technology, 12 (Elsevier, Amsterdam), pp.268. Beranzoli, L., T. Braun, M. Calcara, P. Casale, A. De Santis, G. D’Anna, D. Di Mauro, G. Etiope, P. Favali, J.-L. Fuda, F. Frugoni, F. Gamberi, M.P. Marani, C. Millot, C. Montuori and G. Smriglio (2003): Mission results from the first GEOSTAR observatory (Adriatic Sea, 1998), Earth Planets Space, 55, 361-373. Beranzoli, L., D. Calore, P. Favali, J. Marvaldi and M. Nicot (2004): ORION-GEOSTAR-3: A Prototype of seafloor network of observatories for geophysical, oceanographic and environmental monitoring, Proceedings 14th International Off-shore and Polar Engineering Conference (Toulon, France), vol. II, 371-376. Berta, M., F. Gasparoni and M. Capobianco, 1995. Abyssal Benthic Laboratory (ABEL): a novel approach for long-term investigation at abyssal depths, J. Mar. Syst., 6, 211-225. Blandin, J., R. Person, J.M. Strout, P. Briole, G. Etiope, M. Masson, S. Smolders, V. Lykousis, G. Ferentinos and J. Legrand (2003): ASSEM: a new concept of regional observatory, Proceedings 3rd International Workshop on Scientific use of submarine cables and Related technologies (Tokyo, Japan), IEEE Catalogue number: 03EX660/ISBN: 0-7803-7775-3, 240-243. Calcara, M., L. Beranzoli, T. Braun, D. Calore, A. De Santis, G. Etiope, P. Favali, F. Frugoni, F. Gasparoni, C. Montuori and G. Smriglio (2001): MABEL: a multidisciplinary benthic laboratory for deep sea, long-term monitoring in the Antarctic, Terra Antarctica, 8, 115-118. Cenedese, S., M. Calcara, G. D’Anna, K.-U. Evers, P. Favali and F. Gasparoni (2004): MABEL: The first seafloor observatory for multidisciplinary long-term monitoring in polar environment, Proceedings 14th International Off-shore and Polar Engineering Conference (Toulon, France), vol. I, 787-794. Chave, A.D., R. Butler and T.E. Pyle (Eds.) (1990): Proceedings 1st International Workshop on Scientific uses of undersea cables (Honolulu, Hawaii), JOI Washington D.C., pp.310. Clauss, G. and S. Hoog (2002): Deep sea challenges of marine technology and oceanographic engineering, in Science-Technology Synergy for Research in the Marine Environment: Challenges for the XXI Century, Developments in Marine Technology, 12, edited by Beranzoli, L., P. Favali and G. Smriglio (Elsevier, Amsterdam), 133-142. Clauss, G., S. Hoog, F. Stempinski and H.W. Gerber (2004): Advanced Deepwater Intervention with MODUS – Latest results from model tests and full-scale operations, Proceedings 14th International Off-shore and Polar Engineering Conference (Toulon, France), vol. II, 377-386. De Santis, A., D. Di Mauro, L. Cafarella, R. D'Anna, L. Gaya-Pique, P. Palangio, G. Romeo and R. Tozzi (2006): Deep seafloor magnetic observations under GEOSTAR project, Ann. Geophys., 49/1 (this volume). Etiope, G., P. Favali, J.-L. Fuda, F. Italiano, M. Laubenstein, C. Millot and W. Plastino (2006): The Benthic Boundary Layer: geochemical and oceanographic data from the GEOSTAR-2 observatory, Ann. Geophys., 49/1 (this volume). Favali, P., G. Smriglio, L. Beranzoli, T. Braun, M. Calcara, G. D’Anna, A. De Santis, D. Di Mauro, G. Etiope, F. Frugoni, V. Iafolla, S. Monna, C. Montuori, S. Nozzoli, P. Palangio and G. Romeo (2002): Towards a permanent deep sea observatory: the GEOSTAR European experiment, in Science-Technology Synergy for Research in the Marine Environment: Challenges for the XXI Century, Developments in Marine Technology, 12, edited by Beranzoli, L., P. Favali and G. Smriglio (Elsevier, Amsterdam), 111-120. Favali, P., SN-1 Team and NEMO Collaboration (2003): SN-1: the first node of the Italian seafloor observatory network – background and perspective, Proceedings 3rd International Workshop on Scientific use of submarine cables and Related technologies (Tokyo, Japan), 19-24. Favali, P., L. Beranzoli, M. Calcara, G. D’Anna, G. Etiope, F. Frugoni, N. Lo Bue, G. Marinaro, S. Monna, C. Montuori, T Sgroi, F. Gasparoni, S. Cenedese, F. Furlan, G. Ferentinos, G. Papatheodorou, D. Christodolou, J. Blandin, J. Marvaldi, J.-F. Rolin, G. Clauss, H.W. Gerber, J.-M. Coudeville, M. Nicot, E.R. Flueh, F. Gamberi, M.P. Marani and G. Neri (2004a): Single-frame multiparameter platforms for seafloor geophysical and environmental observations: projects and missions from GEOSTAR to ORION, Proceedings OCEANS’04 (Kobe, Japan), 2000-2007. Favali, P., L. Beranzoli and A. Maramai (2004b): Review of the Tyrrhenian Sea seismicity: how much is still to be unknown?, in From seafloor to deep mantle: architecture of the Tyrrhenian back-arc basin, Mem. Descr. C. Geol. d’It., LXIV, edited by Marani, M.P., F. Gamberi and E. Bonatti, 57-70. Favali, P. and L. Beranzoli (2006): Seafloor Observatory Science: a review, Ann. Geophys., 49/1 (this volume). Gasparoni, F., D. Calore and R. 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(1997): Proceedings International Workshop on Scientific use of submarine cables (Okinawa, Japan), pp.234. Thiel, H., K.O. Kirstein, C. Luth, U. Luth, G. Luther, L.A. Meyer-Reil, O. Pfannkuche and M. Weydert (1994): Scientific requirements for an abyssal benthic laboratory, J. Mar. Syst., 4, 421-439. Webb, S.C. (1998): Broad-band seismology and noise under the ocean, Rev. Geophys., 36(1), 105-142. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/1060 open long-term multidisciplinary seafloor observatories geophysical and environmental seabed monitoring 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.05. Instruments and techniques article 2006 ftingv 2024-05-15T08:04:29Z Seafloor long-term, multiparameter, single-frame observatories have been developed within the framework of European Commission and Italian projects since 1995. A fleet of five seafloor observatories, built-up starting from 1995 within the framework of an effective synergy among research institutes and industries, have carried out a series of long-term sea experiments. The observatories are able to operate from shallow waters to deep sea, down to 4,000 m w.d., and to simultaneously monitor a broad spectrum of geophysical and environmental processes, including seismicity, geomagnetic field variations, water temperature, pressure, salinity, chemistry, currents, and gas occurrence. Moreover, they can transmit data in (near)-real-time that can be integrated with those of the on-land networks. The architecture of the seafloor observatories follows the criteria of modularity, interoperability and standardisation in terms of materials, components and communication protocols. This paper describes the technical features of the observatories, their experiments and data. JCR Journal open Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Earth-Prints (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) Geophysical Research Letters 32 7 n/a n/a |