Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial: The ice core record
The oxygen-isotope records from Greenland ice cores show a very strong, reproducible pattern of alternation between warm Greenland Interstadials (GI) and cold Greenland Stadials (GS) at millennial-scale during the last glacial period. Here we summarise what is known about this variability from ice c...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.013 http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/298350 |
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ftinfoscience:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:298350 2023-05-15T13:43:17+02:00 Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial: The ice core record Wolff, E. W. Chappellaz, J. Blunier, T. Rasmussen, S. O. Svensson, A. 2022-11-23T16:11:44Z https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.013 http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/298350 unknown Oxford, Elsevier BV doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.013 isi:000282851600002 http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/298350 http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/298350 Text 2022 ftinfoscience https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.013 2023-02-13T23:12:34Z The oxygen-isotope records from Greenland ice cores show a very strong, reproducible pattern of alternation between warm Greenland Interstadials (GI) and cold Greenland Stadials (GS) at millennial-scale during the last glacial period. Here we summarise what is known about this variability from ice core records. The typical cycle has a sawtooth pattern, with a very rapid warming event (occurring in a few decades), a slow cooling trend, and then a final fast cooling. 25 such events have been numbered in the last glacial. The recent GICC05 age scale provides the best available age scale that can be directly applied to this stratigraphy, and we summarise the timing of the warming events, and the length and strength of each event. The Greenland stratigraphy can be transferred to other records if we make assumptions about the contemporaneous nature of rapid events in different archives. Other parameters, such as the snow accumulation rate, and the concentration of terrestrial dust and sea salt recorded in the Greenland cores, also show a strong contrasting pattern between GI and GS. Methane concentrations are generally high during GI and lower during GS, with the increase from GS to GI occurring within a century. Antarctic ice cores show a different pattern: each GI has an Antarctic counterpart, but Antarctica appears to warm while Greenland is in a GS, and cool during GI. These changes are consistent with a mechanism involving ocean heat transport, but the rapid nature of warmings poses a challenge for modellers, while the rapid methane changes pose questions about the pattern of land biosphere emissions during the glacial that are also relevant for understanding glacial-interglacial methane variability. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Greenland Greenland ice cores ice core EPFL Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne) Antarctic Greenland Quaternary Science Reviews 29 21-22 2828 2838 |
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EPFL Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne) |
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ftinfoscience |
language |
unknown |
description |
The oxygen-isotope records from Greenland ice cores show a very strong, reproducible pattern of alternation between warm Greenland Interstadials (GI) and cold Greenland Stadials (GS) at millennial-scale during the last glacial period. Here we summarise what is known about this variability from ice core records. The typical cycle has a sawtooth pattern, with a very rapid warming event (occurring in a few decades), a slow cooling trend, and then a final fast cooling. 25 such events have been numbered in the last glacial. The recent GICC05 age scale provides the best available age scale that can be directly applied to this stratigraphy, and we summarise the timing of the warming events, and the length and strength of each event. The Greenland stratigraphy can be transferred to other records if we make assumptions about the contemporaneous nature of rapid events in different archives. Other parameters, such as the snow accumulation rate, and the concentration of terrestrial dust and sea salt recorded in the Greenland cores, also show a strong contrasting pattern between GI and GS. Methane concentrations are generally high during GI and lower during GS, with the increase from GS to GI occurring within a century. Antarctic ice cores show a different pattern: each GI has an Antarctic counterpart, but Antarctica appears to warm while Greenland is in a GS, and cool during GI. These changes are consistent with a mechanism involving ocean heat transport, but the rapid nature of warmings poses a challenge for modellers, while the rapid methane changes pose questions about the pattern of land biosphere emissions during the glacial that are also relevant for understanding glacial-interglacial methane variability. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. |
format |
Text |
author |
Wolff, E. W. Chappellaz, J. Blunier, T. Rasmussen, S. O. Svensson, A. |
spellingShingle |
Wolff, E. W. Chappellaz, J. Blunier, T. Rasmussen, S. O. Svensson, A. Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial: The ice core record |
author_facet |
Wolff, E. W. Chappellaz, J. Blunier, T. Rasmussen, S. O. Svensson, A. |
author_sort |
Wolff, E. W. |
title |
Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial: The ice core record |
title_short |
Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial: The ice core record |
title_full |
Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial: The ice core record |
title_fullStr |
Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial: The ice core record |
title_full_unstemmed |
Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial: The ice core record |
title_sort |
millennial-scale variability during the last glacial: the ice core record |
publisher |
Oxford, Elsevier BV |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.013 http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/298350 |
geographic |
Antarctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Greenland |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Greenland Greenland ice cores ice core |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Greenland Greenland ice cores ice core |
op_source |
http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/298350 |
op_relation |
doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.013 isi:000282851600002 http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/298350 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.013 |
container_title |
Quaternary Science Reviews |
container_volume |
29 |
container_issue |
21-22 |
container_start_page |
2828 |
op_container_end_page |
2838 |
_version_ |
1766186854698188800 |