Susceptibility and pathology in juvenile atlantic cod gadus morhua to a marine viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus isolated from diseased rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss
The first known outbreak caused by a viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) strain of genotype III in rainbow trout occurred in 2007 at a marine farm in Storfjorden, Norway. The source of the virus is unknown, and cod and other marine fish around the farms are suspected as a possible reservoir....
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2838227 https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123523 |
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ftimr:oai:imr.brage.unit.no:11250/2838227 2023-05-15T15:27:03+02:00 Susceptibility and pathology in juvenile atlantic cod gadus morhua to a marine viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus isolated from diseased rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss Sandlund, Nina Johansen, Renate Fiksdal, Ingrid Uglenes Einen, Ann Cathrine B. Modahl, Ingebjørg Gjerset, Britt Bergh, Øivind 2021 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2838227 https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123523 eng eng Norges forskningsråd: 190245 Animals. 2021, 11 (12), 1-16. urn:issn:2076-2615 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2838227 https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123523 cristin:1967927 1-16 11 Animals 12 Peer reviewed Journal article 2021 ftimr https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123523 2022-01-26T23:38:54Z The first known outbreak caused by a viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) strain of genotype III in rainbow trout occurred in 2007 at a marine farm in Storfjorden, Norway. The source of the virus is unknown, and cod and other marine fish around the farms are suspected as a possible reservoir. The main objective of this study was to test the susceptibility of juvenile Atlantic cod to the VHSV isolate from Storfjorden. As the pathology of VHS in cod is sparsely described, an additional aim of the study was to give a histopathological description of the disease. Two separate challenge experiments were carried out, using both intra peritoneal (ip) injection and cohabitation as challenge methods. Mortality in the ip injection experiment leveled at approximately 50% three weeks post challenge. Both immunohistochemical and rRT-PCR analysis of organs sampled from diseased and surviving fish confirmed VHSV infection. No VHSV was detected in the cohabitants. The results indicate that Atlantic cod has a low natural susceptibility to this VHSV genotype III strain. One of the most extensive pathological changes was degeneration of cardiac myocytes. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that the lesions were related to VHSV. In some fish, the hematopoietic tissue of spleen and kidney showed degeneration and immunostaining, classical signs of VHS, as described in rainbow trout. Positive immunostaining of the capillaries of the gills, suggests this organ as a useful alternative when screening for VHSV. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Gadus morhua Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR Norway Animals 11 12 3523 |
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Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR |
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ftimr |
language |
English |
description |
The first known outbreak caused by a viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) strain of genotype III in rainbow trout occurred in 2007 at a marine farm in Storfjorden, Norway. The source of the virus is unknown, and cod and other marine fish around the farms are suspected as a possible reservoir. The main objective of this study was to test the susceptibility of juvenile Atlantic cod to the VHSV isolate from Storfjorden. As the pathology of VHS in cod is sparsely described, an additional aim of the study was to give a histopathological description of the disease. Two separate challenge experiments were carried out, using both intra peritoneal (ip) injection and cohabitation as challenge methods. Mortality in the ip injection experiment leveled at approximately 50% three weeks post challenge. Both immunohistochemical and rRT-PCR analysis of organs sampled from diseased and surviving fish confirmed VHSV infection. No VHSV was detected in the cohabitants. The results indicate that Atlantic cod has a low natural susceptibility to this VHSV genotype III strain. One of the most extensive pathological changes was degeneration of cardiac myocytes. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that the lesions were related to VHSV. In some fish, the hematopoietic tissue of spleen and kidney showed degeneration and immunostaining, classical signs of VHS, as described in rainbow trout. Positive immunostaining of the capillaries of the gills, suggests this organ as a useful alternative when screening for VHSV. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sandlund, Nina Johansen, Renate Fiksdal, Ingrid Uglenes Einen, Ann Cathrine B. Modahl, Ingebjørg Gjerset, Britt Bergh, Øivind |
spellingShingle |
Sandlund, Nina Johansen, Renate Fiksdal, Ingrid Uglenes Einen, Ann Cathrine B. Modahl, Ingebjørg Gjerset, Britt Bergh, Øivind Susceptibility and pathology in juvenile atlantic cod gadus morhua to a marine viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus isolated from diseased rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss |
author_facet |
Sandlund, Nina Johansen, Renate Fiksdal, Ingrid Uglenes Einen, Ann Cathrine B. Modahl, Ingebjørg Gjerset, Britt Bergh, Øivind |
author_sort |
Sandlund, Nina |
title |
Susceptibility and pathology in juvenile atlantic cod gadus morhua to a marine viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus isolated from diseased rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss |
title_short |
Susceptibility and pathology in juvenile atlantic cod gadus morhua to a marine viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus isolated from diseased rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss |
title_full |
Susceptibility and pathology in juvenile atlantic cod gadus morhua to a marine viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus isolated from diseased rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss |
title_fullStr |
Susceptibility and pathology in juvenile atlantic cod gadus morhua to a marine viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus isolated from diseased rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss |
title_full_unstemmed |
Susceptibility and pathology in juvenile atlantic cod gadus morhua to a marine viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus isolated from diseased rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss |
title_sort |
susceptibility and pathology in juvenile atlantic cod gadus morhua to a marine viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus isolated from diseased rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2838227 https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123523 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
op_source |
1-16 11 Animals 12 |
op_relation |
Norges forskningsråd: 190245 Animals. 2021, 11 (12), 1-16. urn:issn:2076-2615 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2838227 https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123523 cristin:1967927 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123523 |
container_title |
Animals |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
3523 |
_version_ |
1766357512777367552 |