Severity Scoring of Behavioral Responses of Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus) to Novel Continuous versus Conven tional Pulsed Active Sonar
Controlled exposure experiments (CEEs) have demonstrated that naval pulsed active sonar (PAS) can induce costly behavioral responses in cetaceans similar to antipredator responses. New generation continuous active sonars (CAS) emit lower amplitude levels but more continuous signals. We conducted CEE...
Published in: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2838178 https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9040444 |
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ftimr:oai:imr.brage.unit.no:11250/2838178 2023-05-15T17:59:25+02:00 Severity Scoring of Behavioral Responses of Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus) to Novel Continuous versus Conven tional Pulsed Active Sonar Curé, Charlotte Isojunno, Saana Siemensma, Marije Wensveen, Paul Buisson, celia Sivle, Lise Doksæter Benti, Benjamin Roland, Rune Kvadsheim, Petter Helgevold Lam, Frans-Peter A. Miller, Patrick James O. 2021 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2838178 https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9040444 eng eng urn:issn:2077-1312 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2838178 https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9040444 cristin:1971060 9 Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 444 Peer reviewed Journal article 2021 ftimr https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9040444 2022-01-26T23:38:54Z Controlled exposure experiments (CEEs) have demonstrated that naval pulsed active sonar (PAS) can induce costly behavioral responses in cetaceans similar to antipredator responses. New generation continuous active sonars (CAS) emit lower amplitude levels but more continuous signals. We conducted CEEs with PAS, CAS and no-sonar control on free-ranging sperm whales in Norway. Two panels blind to experimental conditions concurrently inspected acoustic-and-movement-tag data and visual observations of tagged whales and used an established severity scale (0–9) to assign scores to putative responses. Only half of the exposures elicited a response, indicating overall low responsiveness in sperm whales. Responding whales (10 of 12) showed more, and more severe responses to sonar compared to no-sonar. Moreover, the probability of response increased when whales were previously exposed to presence of predatory and/or competing killer or long-finned pilot whales. Various behavioral change types occurred over a broad range of severities (1–6) during CAS and PAS. When combining all behavioral types, the proportion of responses to CAS was significantly higher than no-sonar but not different from PAS. Responses potentially impacting vital rates i.e., with severity ≥4, were initiated at received cumulative sound exposure levels (dB re 1 μPa2 s) of 137–177 during CAS and 143–181 during PAS. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Physeter macrocephalus Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR Norway Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9 4 444 |
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Open Polar |
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Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR |
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ftimr |
language |
English |
description |
Controlled exposure experiments (CEEs) have demonstrated that naval pulsed active sonar (PAS) can induce costly behavioral responses in cetaceans similar to antipredator responses. New generation continuous active sonars (CAS) emit lower amplitude levels but more continuous signals. We conducted CEEs with PAS, CAS and no-sonar control on free-ranging sperm whales in Norway. Two panels blind to experimental conditions concurrently inspected acoustic-and-movement-tag data and visual observations of tagged whales and used an established severity scale (0–9) to assign scores to putative responses. Only half of the exposures elicited a response, indicating overall low responsiveness in sperm whales. Responding whales (10 of 12) showed more, and more severe responses to sonar compared to no-sonar. Moreover, the probability of response increased when whales were previously exposed to presence of predatory and/or competing killer or long-finned pilot whales. Various behavioral change types occurred over a broad range of severities (1–6) during CAS and PAS. When combining all behavioral types, the proportion of responses to CAS was significantly higher than no-sonar but not different from PAS. Responses potentially impacting vital rates i.e., with severity ≥4, were initiated at received cumulative sound exposure levels (dB re 1 μPa2 s) of 137–177 during CAS and 143–181 during PAS. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Curé, Charlotte Isojunno, Saana Siemensma, Marije Wensveen, Paul Buisson, celia Sivle, Lise Doksæter Benti, Benjamin Roland, Rune Kvadsheim, Petter Helgevold Lam, Frans-Peter A. Miller, Patrick James O. |
spellingShingle |
Curé, Charlotte Isojunno, Saana Siemensma, Marije Wensveen, Paul Buisson, celia Sivle, Lise Doksæter Benti, Benjamin Roland, Rune Kvadsheim, Petter Helgevold Lam, Frans-Peter A. Miller, Patrick James O. Severity Scoring of Behavioral Responses of Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus) to Novel Continuous versus Conven tional Pulsed Active Sonar |
author_facet |
Curé, Charlotte Isojunno, Saana Siemensma, Marije Wensveen, Paul Buisson, celia Sivle, Lise Doksæter Benti, Benjamin Roland, Rune Kvadsheim, Petter Helgevold Lam, Frans-Peter A. Miller, Patrick James O. |
author_sort |
Curé, Charlotte |
title |
Severity Scoring of Behavioral Responses of Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus) to Novel Continuous versus Conven tional Pulsed Active Sonar |
title_short |
Severity Scoring of Behavioral Responses of Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus) to Novel Continuous versus Conven tional Pulsed Active Sonar |
title_full |
Severity Scoring of Behavioral Responses of Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus) to Novel Continuous versus Conven tional Pulsed Active Sonar |
title_fullStr |
Severity Scoring of Behavioral Responses of Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus) to Novel Continuous versus Conven tional Pulsed Active Sonar |
title_full_unstemmed |
Severity Scoring of Behavioral Responses of Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus) to Novel Continuous versus Conven tional Pulsed Active Sonar |
title_sort |
severity scoring of behavioral responses of sperm whales (physeter macrocephalus) to novel continuous versus conven tional pulsed active sonar |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2838178 https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9040444 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Physeter macrocephalus |
genre_facet |
Physeter macrocephalus |
op_source |
9 Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 444 |
op_relation |
urn:issn:2077-1312 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2838178 https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9040444 cristin:1971060 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9040444 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
444 |
_version_ |
1766168228863672320 |