Environmental effects of offshore produced water discharges: A review focused on the Norwegian continental shelf
Produced water (PW), a large byproduct of offshore oil and gas extraction, is reinjected to formations or discharged to the sea after treatment. The discharges contain dispersed crude oil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkylphenols (APs), metals, and many other constituents of environment...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2685266 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105155 |
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ftimr:oai:imr.brage.unit.no:11250/2685266 2023-05-15T14:59:16+02:00 Environmental effects of offshore produced water discharges: A review focused on the Norwegian continental shelf Beyer, Jonny Goksøyr, Anders Hjermann, Dag Øystein Klungsøyr, Jarle 2020 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2685266 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105155 eng eng Miljødirektoratet: 18087046 Marine Environmental Research. 2020, 162 . urn:issn:0141-1136 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2685266 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105155 cristin:1838169 20 162 Marine Environmental Research Peer reviewed Journal article 2020 ftimr https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105155 2021-09-23T20:14:44Z Produced water (PW), a large byproduct of offshore oil and gas extraction, is reinjected to formations or discharged to the sea after treatment. The discharges contain dispersed crude oil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkylphenols (APs), metals, and many other constituents of environmental relevance. Risk-based regulation, greener offshore chemicals and improved cleaning systems have reduced environmental risks of PW discharges, but PW is still the largest operational source of oil pollution to the sea from the offshore petroleum industry. Monitoring surveys find detectable exposures in caged mussel and fish several km downstream from PW outfalls, but biomarkers indicate only mild acute effects in these sentinels. On the other hand, increased concentrations of DNA adducts are found repeatedly in benthic fish populations, especially in haddock. It is uncertain whether increased adducts could be a long-term effect of sediment contamination due to ongoing PW discharges, or earlier discharges of oil-containing drilling waste. Another concern is uncertainty regarding the possible effect of PW discharges in the sub-Arctic Southern Barents Sea. So far, research suggests that sub-arctic species are largely comparable to temperate species in their sensitivity to PW exposure. Larval deformities and cardiac toxicity in fish early life stages are among the biomarkers and adverse outcome pathways that currently receive much attention in PW effect research. Herein, we summarize the accumulated ecotoxicological knowledge of offshore PW discharges and highlight some key remaining knowledge needs. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Barents Sea Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR Arctic Barents Sea Marine Environmental Research 162 105155 |
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Open Polar |
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Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR |
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ftimr |
language |
English |
description |
Produced water (PW), a large byproduct of offshore oil and gas extraction, is reinjected to formations or discharged to the sea after treatment. The discharges contain dispersed crude oil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkylphenols (APs), metals, and many other constituents of environmental relevance. Risk-based regulation, greener offshore chemicals and improved cleaning systems have reduced environmental risks of PW discharges, but PW is still the largest operational source of oil pollution to the sea from the offshore petroleum industry. Monitoring surveys find detectable exposures in caged mussel and fish several km downstream from PW outfalls, but biomarkers indicate only mild acute effects in these sentinels. On the other hand, increased concentrations of DNA adducts are found repeatedly in benthic fish populations, especially in haddock. It is uncertain whether increased adducts could be a long-term effect of sediment contamination due to ongoing PW discharges, or earlier discharges of oil-containing drilling waste. Another concern is uncertainty regarding the possible effect of PW discharges in the sub-Arctic Southern Barents Sea. So far, research suggests that sub-arctic species are largely comparable to temperate species in their sensitivity to PW exposure. Larval deformities and cardiac toxicity in fish early life stages are among the biomarkers and adverse outcome pathways that currently receive much attention in PW effect research. Herein, we summarize the accumulated ecotoxicological knowledge of offshore PW discharges and highlight some key remaining knowledge needs. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Beyer, Jonny Goksøyr, Anders Hjermann, Dag Øystein Klungsøyr, Jarle |
spellingShingle |
Beyer, Jonny Goksøyr, Anders Hjermann, Dag Øystein Klungsøyr, Jarle Environmental effects of offshore produced water discharges: A review focused on the Norwegian continental shelf |
author_facet |
Beyer, Jonny Goksøyr, Anders Hjermann, Dag Øystein Klungsøyr, Jarle |
author_sort |
Beyer, Jonny |
title |
Environmental effects of offshore produced water discharges: A review focused on the Norwegian continental shelf |
title_short |
Environmental effects of offshore produced water discharges: A review focused on the Norwegian continental shelf |
title_full |
Environmental effects of offshore produced water discharges: A review focused on the Norwegian continental shelf |
title_fullStr |
Environmental effects of offshore produced water discharges: A review focused on the Norwegian continental shelf |
title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental effects of offshore produced water discharges: A review focused on the Norwegian continental shelf |
title_sort |
environmental effects of offshore produced water discharges: a review focused on the norwegian continental shelf |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2685266 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105155 |
geographic |
Arctic Barents Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Barents Sea |
genre |
Arctic Barents Sea |
genre_facet |
Arctic Barents Sea |
op_source |
20 162 Marine Environmental Research |
op_relation |
Miljødirektoratet: 18087046 Marine Environmental Research. 2020, 162 . urn:issn:0141-1136 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2685266 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105155 cristin:1838169 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105155 |
container_title |
Marine Environmental Research |
container_volume |
162 |
container_start_page |
105155 |
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1766331378374279168 |