Spatiotemporal variability of barium in arctic sea-ice and seawater

Freshwater export from the Arctic is critical in determining the density of water at sites of North Atlantic deep water formation, which in turn influences the global flux of oceanic heat and nutrients. We need geochemical tracers and high‐resolution observations to refine our freshwater budgets and...

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Published in:Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
Main Authors: Hendry, Katharine R., Pyle, Kimberley M., Butler, G. Barney, Cooper, Adam, Fransson, Agneta Ingrid, Chierici, Melissa, Leng, Melanie J., Meyer, Amelie, Dodd, Paul A.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2018
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2592239
https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JC013668
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spelling ftimr:oai:imr.brage.unit.no:11250/2592239 2023-05-15T14:47:06+02:00 Spatiotemporal variability of barium in arctic sea-ice and seawater Hendry, Katharine R. Pyle, Kimberley M. Butler, G. Barney Cooper, Adam Fransson, Agneta Ingrid Chierici, Melissa Leng, Melanie J. Meyer, Amelie Dodd, Paul A. 2018 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2592239 https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JC013668 eng eng Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics. 2018, 123 (5), 1-16. urn:issn:2169-9380 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2592239 https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JC013668 cristin:1683693 1-16 123 Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics 5 Journal article Peer reviewed 2018 ftimr https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JC013668 2021-09-23T20:15:50Z Freshwater export from the Arctic is critical in determining the density of water at sites of North Atlantic deep water formation, which in turn influences the global flux of oceanic heat and nutrients. We need geochemical tracers and high‐resolution observations to refine our freshwater budgets and constrain models for future change. The use of seawater barium concentrations in the Arctic Ocean as a freshwater tracer relies on the conservative behavior of barium in seawater; while this has been shown to be an unreliable assumption in Arctic summers, there are a lack of studies observing seasonal progressions. Here, we present barium concentrations from seawater and sea‐ice collected during the Norwegian Young Sea ICE expedition from boreal winter into summer. We use other tracers (salinity, oxygen isotopes, and alkalinity) to reconstruct freshwater inputs and calculate a barium “deficit” that can be attributed to nonconservative processes. We locate a deficit in winter when biological production is low, which we attribute to uptake by barite formation associated with old organic matter or by internal sea‐ice processes. We also find a significant barium deficit during the early spring bloom, consistent with uptake into organic‐matter associated microenvironments. However, in summer, there no strong barium deficit near the surface, despite high biological production and organic carbon standing stocks, perhaps reflecting phytoplankton assemblage changes, and/or rapid internal cycling. Our findings challenge the assumptions surrounding the use of barium as an Arctic freshwater tracer, and highlight the need to improve our understanding of barium in sea‐ice environments. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean North Atlantic Deep Water North Atlantic Phytoplankton Sea ice Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR Arctic Arctic Ocean Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 123 5 3507 3522
institution Open Polar
collection Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR
op_collection_id ftimr
language English
description Freshwater export from the Arctic is critical in determining the density of water at sites of North Atlantic deep water formation, which in turn influences the global flux of oceanic heat and nutrients. We need geochemical tracers and high‐resolution observations to refine our freshwater budgets and constrain models for future change. The use of seawater barium concentrations in the Arctic Ocean as a freshwater tracer relies on the conservative behavior of barium in seawater; while this has been shown to be an unreliable assumption in Arctic summers, there are a lack of studies observing seasonal progressions. Here, we present barium concentrations from seawater and sea‐ice collected during the Norwegian Young Sea ICE expedition from boreal winter into summer. We use other tracers (salinity, oxygen isotopes, and alkalinity) to reconstruct freshwater inputs and calculate a barium “deficit” that can be attributed to nonconservative processes. We locate a deficit in winter when biological production is low, which we attribute to uptake by barite formation associated with old organic matter or by internal sea‐ice processes. We also find a significant barium deficit during the early spring bloom, consistent with uptake into organic‐matter associated microenvironments. However, in summer, there no strong barium deficit near the surface, despite high biological production and organic carbon standing stocks, perhaps reflecting phytoplankton assemblage changes, and/or rapid internal cycling. Our findings challenge the assumptions surrounding the use of barium as an Arctic freshwater tracer, and highlight the need to improve our understanding of barium in sea‐ice environments. publishedVersion
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Hendry, Katharine R.
Pyle, Kimberley M.
Butler, G. Barney
Cooper, Adam
Fransson, Agneta Ingrid
Chierici, Melissa
Leng, Melanie J.
Meyer, Amelie
Dodd, Paul A.
spellingShingle Hendry, Katharine R.
Pyle, Kimberley M.
Butler, G. Barney
Cooper, Adam
Fransson, Agneta Ingrid
Chierici, Melissa
Leng, Melanie J.
Meyer, Amelie
Dodd, Paul A.
Spatiotemporal variability of barium in arctic sea-ice and seawater
author_facet Hendry, Katharine R.
Pyle, Kimberley M.
Butler, G. Barney
Cooper, Adam
Fransson, Agneta Ingrid
Chierici, Melissa
Leng, Melanie J.
Meyer, Amelie
Dodd, Paul A.
author_sort Hendry, Katharine R.
title Spatiotemporal variability of barium in arctic sea-ice and seawater
title_short Spatiotemporal variability of barium in arctic sea-ice and seawater
title_full Spatiotemporal variability of barium in arctic sea-ice and seawater
title_fullStr Spatiotemporal variability of barium in arctic sea-ice and seawater
title_full_unstemmed Spatiotemporal variability of barium in arctic sea-ice and seawater
title_sort spatiotemporal variability of barium in arctic sea-ice and seawater
publishDate 2018
url http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2592239
https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JC013668
geographic Arctic
Arctic Ocean
geographic_facet Arctic
Arctic Ocean
genre Arctic
Arctic Ocean
North Atlantic Deep Water
North Atlantic
Phytoplankton
Sea ice
genre_facet Arctic
Arctic Ocean
North Atlantic Deep Water
North Atlantic
Phytoplankton
Sea ice
op_source 1-16
123
Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics
5
op_relation Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics. 2018, 123 (5), 1-16.
urn:issn:2169-9380
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2592239
https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JC013668
cristin:1683693
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JC013668
container_title Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
container_volume 123
container_issue 5
container_start_page 3507
op_container_end_page 3522
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