Salmon lice treatments and salmon mortality in Norwegian aquaculture: a review
With the expansion of Atlantic salmon aquaculture, the economic and ecological impacts of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) has increased. Norway battles this problematic parasite with various control and preventative methods within farms. We analysed two national‐level databases to examine the...
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ftimr:oai:imr.brage.unit.no:11250/2581471 2023-05-15T15:32:46+02:00 Salmon lice treatments and salmon mortality in Norwegian aquaculture: a review Overton, Kathy Dempster, Tim Oppedal, Frode Kristiansen, Tore S Gismervik, Kristine Stien, Lars Helge 2018 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2581471 https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12299 eng eng Reviews in Aquaculture. 2018, 1-20. urn:issn:1753-5123 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2581471 https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12299 cristin:1640650 1-20 Reviews in Aquaculture Journal article Peer reviewed 2018 ftimr https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12299 2021-09-23T20:15:17Z With the expansion of Atlantic salmon aquaculture, the economic and ecological impacts of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) has increased. Norway battles this problematic parasite with various control and preventative methods within farms. We analysed two national‐level databases to examine the number of operations reported each year from 2012 to 2017 and salmon mortality rates attributable to each operation type. From 2012 to 2017, 1.4 times more operations were registered, despite only limited increases in biomass produced across this period. We detected a rapid and recent paradigm shift in the industry's approach to lice control from chemotherapeutant to non‐medicinal operations. Chemotherapeutants (azamethiphos, cypermethrin, deltamethrin and hydrogen peroxide) dominated operations from 2012 to 2015 (>81%), while mechanical and thermal treatments dominated in 2016 and 2017 (>40% and >74%, respectively). Thermal operations caused greatest mortality increases (elevated mortality for 31% of treatments), followed by mechanical (25%), hydrogen peroxide (21%), and azamethiphos, cypermethrin and deltamethrin (<14%). Temperature, fish size and pre‐existing mortality rates all influenced post‐treatment mortality outcomes. For chemotherapeutants, mortality increased as sea temperature increased. For mechanical and thermal treatments, mortalities increased at low (4–7°C) and high (13–16°C) temperatures. Fish with high pre‐existing mortality (0.25–1.0% mortality the month before treatment) experienced increased mortality after treatment, and large fish (≥2 kg) were more susceptible to increased mortality than small (<2 kg). Generally, thermal, mechanical and hydrogen peroxide operations performed better in 2017 compared to 2015 and 2016, as the percentage of mortality observations were lower. With mechanical and thermal treatments now predominant, future research and industry development should prioritise reducing mortality and improving post‐treatment outcomes. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR Norway Reviews in Aquaculture 11 4 1398 1417 |
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Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR |
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English |
description |
With the expansion of Atlantic salmon aquaculture, the economic and ecological impacts of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) has increased. Norway battles this problematic parasite with various control and preventative methods within farms. We analysed two national‐level databases to examine the number of operations reported each year from 2012 to 2017 and salmon mortality rates attributable to each operation type. From 2012 to 2017, 1.4 times more operations were registered, despite only limited increases in biomass produced across this period. We detected a rapid and recent paradigm shift in the industry's approach to lice control from chemotherapeutant to non‐medicinal operations. Chemotherapeutants (azamethiphos, cypermethrin, deltamethrin and hydrogen peroxide) dominated operations from 2012 to 2015 (>81%), while mechanical and thermal treatments dominated in 2016 and 2017 (>40% and >74%, respectively). Thermal operations caused greatest mortality increases (elevated mortality for 31% of treatments), followed by mechanical (25%), hydrogen peroxide (21%), and azamethiphos, cypermethrin and deltamethrin (<14%). Temperature, fish size and pre‐existing mortality rates all influenced post‐treatment mortality outcomes. For chemotherapeutants, mortality increased as sea temperature increased. For mechanical and thermal treatments, mortalities increased at low (4–7°C) and high (13–16°C) temperatures. Fish with high pre‐existing mortality (0.25–1.0% mortality the month before treatment) experienced increased mortality after treatment, and large fish (≥2 kg) were more susceptible to increased mortality than small (<2 kg). Generally, thermal, mechanical and hydrogen peroxide operations performed better in 2017 compared to 2015 and 2016, as the percentage of mortality observations were lower. With mechanical and thermal treatments now predominant, future research and industry development should prioritise reducing mortality and improving post‐treatment outcomes. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Overton, Kathy Dempster, Tim Oppedal, Frode Kristiansen, Tore S Gismervik, Kristine Stien, Lars Helge |
spellingShingle |
Overton, Kathy Dempster, Tim Oppedal, Frode Kristiansen, Tore S Gismervik, Kristine Stien, Lars Helge Salmon lice treatments and salmon mortality in Norwegian aquaculture: a review |
author_facet |
Overton, Kathy Dempster, Tim Oppedal, Frode Kristiansen, Tore S Gismervik, Kristine Stien, Lars Helge |
author_sort |
Overton, Kathy |
title |
Salmon lice treatments and salmon mortality in Norwegian aquaculture: a review |
title_short |
Salmon lice treatments and salmon mortality in Norwegian aquaculture: a review |
title_full |
Salmon lice treatments and salmon mortality in Norwegian aquaculture: a review |
title_fullStr |
Salmon lice treatments and salmon mortality in Norwegian aquaculture: a review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Salmon lice treatments and salmon mortality in Norwegian aquaculture: a review |
title_sort |
salmon lice treatments and salmon mortality in norwegian aquaculture: a review |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2581471 https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12299 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_source |
1-20 Reviews in Aquaculture |
op_relation |
Reviews in Aquaculture. 2018, 1-20. urn:issn:1753-5123 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2581471 https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12299 cristin:1640650 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12299 |
container_title |
Reviews in Aquaculture |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1398 |
op_container_end_page |
1417 |
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1766363258836484096 |