A common-garden experiment to quantify evolutionary processes in copepods: the case of emamectin benzoate resistance in the parasitic sea louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis
Background The development of pesticide resistance represents a global challenge to food production. Specifically for the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry, parasitic sea lice and their developing resistance to delousing chemicals is challenging production. In this study, seventeen full sibling f...
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/11250/225132 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-108 |
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ftimr:oai:imr.brage.unit.no:11250/225132 2023-05-15T15:32:54+02:00 A common-garden experiment to quantify evolutionary processes in copepods: the case of emamectin benzoate resistance in the parasitic sea louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis Ljungfeldt, Lina Espedal, Per Gunnar Nilsen, Frank Skern-Mauritzen, Mette Glover, Kevin A. 2014-05-19 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/11250/225132 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-108 eng eng BioMed Central Ljungfeldt LE, Espedal P, Nilsen F, Skern-Mauritzen M, Glover K: A common-garden experiment to quantify evolutionary processes in copepods: the case of emamectin benzoate resistance in the parasitic sea louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2014, 14(1):108. DOI:10.1186/1471-2148-14-108 urn:issn:1471-2148 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/225132 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-108 Navngivelse 3.0 Norge http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/no/ CC-BY 18 p. 14 BMC Evolutionary Biology 1 VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920::Fish health: 923 Journal article Peer reviewed 2014 ftimr https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-108 2021-09-23T20:15:46Z Background The development of pesticide resistance represents a global challenge to food production. Specifically for the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry, parasitic sea lice and their developing resistance to delousing chemicals is challenging production. In this study, seventeen full sibling families, established from three strains of Lepeophtheirus salmonis displaying differing backgrounds in emamectin benzoate (EB) tolerance were produced and quantitatively compared under a common-garden experimental design. Lice surviving to the preadult stage were then exposed to EB and finally identified through the application of DNA parentage testing. Results With the exception of two families (19 and 29%), survival from the infectious copepod to preadult stage was very similar among families (40-50%). In contrast, very large differences in survival following EB exposure were observed among the families (7.9-74%). Family survival post EB exposure was consistent with the EB tolerance characteristics of the strains from which they were established and no negative effect on infection success were detected in association with increased EB tolerance. Two of the lice families that displayed reduced sensitivity to EB were established from a commercial farm that had previously used this chemical. This demonstrates that resistant alleles were present on this farm even though the farm had not reported treatment failure. Conclusions To our knowledge, this represents the first study where families of any multi-cellular parasite have been established and compared in performance under communal rearing conditions in a common-garden experiment. The system performed in a predictable manner and permitted, for the first time, elucidation of quantitative traits among sea lice families. While this experiment concentrated on, and provided a unique insight into EB sensitivity among lice families, the experimental design represents a novel methodology to experimentally address both resistance development and other evolutionary questions in parasitic copepods. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Copepods Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR BMC Evolutionary Biology 14 1 108 |
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Open Polar |
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Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR |
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language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920::Fish health: 923 |
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VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920::Fish health: 923 Ljungfeldt, Lina Espedal, Per Gunnar Nilsen, Frank Skern-Mauritzen, Mette Glover, Kevin A. A common-garden experiment to quantify evolutionary processes in copepods: the case of emamectin benzoate resistance in the parasitic sea louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis |
topic_facet |
VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920::Fish health: 923 |
description |
Background The development of pesticide resistance represents a global challenge to food production. Specifically for the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry, parasitic sea lice and their developing resistance to delousing chemicals is challenging production. In this study, seventeen full sibling families, established from three strains of Lepeophtheirus salmonis displaying differing backgrounds in emamectin benzoate (EB) tolerance were produced and quantitatively compared under a common-garden experimental design. Lice surviving to the preadult stage were then exposed to EB and finally identified through the application of DNA parentage testing. Results With the exception of two families (19 and 29%), survival from the infectious copepod to preadult stage was very similar among families (40-50%). In contrast, very large differences in survival following EB exposure were observed among the families (7.9-74%). Family survival post EB exposure was consistent with the EB tolerance characteristics of the strains from which they were established and no negative effect on infection success were detected in association with increased EB tolerance. Two of the lice families that displayed reduced sensitivity to EB were established from a commercial farm that had previously used this chemical. This demonstrates that resistant alleles were present on this farm even though the farm had not reported treatment failure. Conclusions To our knowledge, this represents the first study where families of any multi-cellular parasite have been established and compared in performance under communal rearing conditions in a common-garden experiment. The system performed in a predictable manner and permitted, for the first time, elucidation of quantitative traits among sea lice families. While this experiment concentrated on, and provided a unique insight into EB sensitivity among lice families, the experimental design represents a novel methodology to experimentally address both resistance development and other evolutionary questions in parasitic copepods. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ljungfeldt, Lina Espedal, Per Gunnar Nilsen, Frank Skern-Mauritzen, Mette Glover, Kevin A. |
author_facet |
Ljungfeldt, Lina Espedal, Per Gunnar Nilsen, Frank Skern-Mauritzen, Mette Glover, Kevin A. |
author_sort |
Ljungfeldt, Lina |
title |
A common-garden experiment to quantify evolutionary processes in copepods: the case of emamectin benzoate resistance in the parasitic sea louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis |
title_short |
A common-garden experiment to quantify evolutionary processes in copepods: the case of emamectin benzoate resistance in the parasitic sea louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis |
title_full |
A common-garden experiment to quantify evolutionary processes in copepods: the case of emamectin benzoate resistance in the parasitic sea louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis |
title_fullStr |
A common-garden experiment to quantify evolutionary processes in copepods: the case of emamectin benzoate resistance in the parasitic sea louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis |
title_full_unstemmed |
A common-garden experiment to quantify evolutionary processes in copepods: the case of emamectin benzoate resistance in the parasitic sea louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis |
title_sort |
common-garden experiment to quantify evolutionary processes in copepods: the case of emamectin benzoate resistance in the parasitic sea louse lepeophtheirus salmonis |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/225132 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-108 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Copepods |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Copepods |
op_source |
18 p. 14 BMC Evolutionary Biology 1 |
op_relation |
Ljungfeldt LE, Espedal P, Nilsen F, Skern-Mauritzen M, Glover K: A common-garden experiment to quantify evolutionary processes in copepods: the case of emamectin benzoate resistance in the parasitic sea louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2014, 14(1):108. DOI:10.1186/1471-2148-14-108 urn:issn:1471-2148 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/225132 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-108 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 3.0 Norge http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/no/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-108 |
container_title |
BMC Evolutionary Biology |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
108 |
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1766363378373099520 |