The genome sequence of Atlantic cod reveals a unique immune system
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is a large, cold-adapted teleost that sustains long-standing commercial fisheries and incipient aquaculture. Here we present the genome sequence of Atlantic cod, showing evidence for complex thermal adaptations in its haemoglobin gene cluster and an unusual immune archite...
Published in: | Nature |
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Nature Publishing Group
2011
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/11250/117170 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10342 |
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ftimr:oai:imr.brage.unit.no:11250/117170 2023-05-15T15:26:20+02:00 The genome sequence of Atlantic cod reveals a unique immune system Star, Bastiaan Nederbragt, Alexander J. Jentoft, Sissel Grimholt, Unni Malmstrøm, Martin Gregers, Tone F. Rounge, Trine B. Paulsen, Jonas Solbakken, Monica H. Sharma, Animesh Wetten, Ola F. Lanzén, Anders Winer, Roger Knight, James Vogel, Jan-Hinnerk Aken, Bronwen Andersen, Øivind Lagesen, Karin Tooming-Klunderud, Ave Edvardsen, Rolf B. Tina, Kirubakaran G. Espelund, Mari Nepal, Chirag Previti, Christopher Karlsen, Bård Ove Moum, Truls Skage, Morten Berg, Paul R. Gjøen, Tor Kuhl, Heiner Thorsen, Jim Malde, Ketil Reinhardt, Richard Du, Lei Johansen, Steinar D. Searle, Steve Lien, Sigbjørn Nilsen, Frank Jonassen, Inge Omholt, Stig W. Stenseth, Nils Christian Jakobsen, Kjetill S. 2011-08-10 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/11250/117170 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10342 eng eng Nature Publishing Group urn:issn:0028-0836 urn:issn:1476-4687 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/117170 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10342 207-210 477 Nature genetics genetikk atlantic cod atlantisk torsk VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::Molecular biology: 473 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::Genetics and genomics: 474 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::General immunology: 478 Journal article Peer reviewed 2011 ftimr https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10342 2021-09-23T20:15:44Z Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is a large, cold-adapted teleost that sustains long-standing commercial fisheries and incipient aquaculture. Here we present the genome sequence of Atlantic cod, showing evidence for complex thermal adaptations in its haemoglobin gene cluster and an unusual immune architecture compared to other sequenced vertebrates. The genome assembly was obtained exclusively by 454 sequencing of shotgun and paired-end libraries, and automated annotation identified 22,154 genes. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II is a conserved feature of the adaptive immune system of jawed vertebrates, but we show that Atlantic cod has lost the genes for MHC II, CD4 and invariant chain (Ii) that are essential for the function of this pathway. Nevertheless, Atlantic cod is not exceptionally susceptible to disease under natural conditions. We find a highly expanded number of MHC I genes and a unique composition of its Toll-like receptor (TLR) families. This indicates how the Atlantic cod immune system has evolved compensatory mechanisms in both adaptive and innate immunity in the absence of MHC II. These observations affect fundamental assumptions about the evolution of the adaptive immune system and its components in vertebrates. Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Gadus morhua Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR Nature 477 7363 207 210 |
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Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR |
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language |
English |
topic |
genetics genetikk atlantic cod atlantisk torsk VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::Molecular biology: 473 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::Genetics and genomics: 474 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::General immunology: 478 |
spellingShingle |
genetics genetikk atlantic cod atlantisk torsk VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::Molecular biology: 473 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::Genetics and genomics: 474 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::General immunology: 478 Star, Bastiaan Nederbragt, Alexander J. Jentoft, Sissel Grimholt, Unni Malmstrøm, Martin Gregers, Tone F. Rounge, Trine B. Paulsen, Jonas Solbakken, Monica H. Sharma, Animesh Wetten, Ola F. Lanzén, Anders Winer, Roger Knight, James Vogel, Jan-Hinnerk Aken, Bronwen Andersen, Øivind Lagesen, Karin Tooming-Klunderud, Ave Edvardsen, Rolf B. Tina, Kirubakaran G. Espelund, Mari Nepal, Chirag Previti, Christopher Karlsen, Bård Ove Moum, Truls Skage, Morten Berg, Paul R. Gjøen, Tor Kuhl, Heiner Thorsen, Jim Malde, Ketil Reinhardt, Richard Du, Lei Johansen, Steinar D. Searle, Steve Lien, Sigbjørn Nilsen, Frank Jonassen, Inge Omholt, Stig W. Stenseth, Nils Christian Jakobsen, Kjetill S. The genome sequence of Atlantic cod reveals a unique immune system |
topic_facet |
genetics genetikk atlantic cod atlantisk torsk VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::Molecular biology: 473 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::Genetics and genomics: 474 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::General immunology: 478 |
description |
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is a large, cold-adapted teleost that sustains long-standing commercial fisheries and incipient aquaculture. Here we present the genome sequence of Atlantic cod, showing evidence for complex thermal adaptations in its haemoglobin gene cluster and an unusual immune architecture compared to other sequenced vertebrates. The genome assembly was obtained exclusively by 454 sequencing of shotgun and paired-end libraries, and automated annotation identified 22,154 genes. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II is a conserved feature of the adaptive immune system of jawed vertebrates, but we show that Atlantic cod has lost the genes for MHC II, CD4 and invariant chain (Ii) that are essential for the function of this pathway. Nevertheless, Atlantic cod is not exceptionally susceptible to disease under natural conditions. We find a highly expanded number of MHC I genes and a unique composition of its Toll-like receptor (TLR) families. This indicates how the Atlantic cod immune system has evolved compensatory mechanisms in both adaptive and innate immunity in the absence of MHC II. These observations affect fundamental assumptions about the evolution of the adaptive immune system and its components in vertebrates. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Star, Bastiaan Nederbragt, Alexander J. Jentoft, Sissel Grimholt, Unni Malmstrøm, Martin Gregers, Tone F. Rounge, Trine B. Paulsen, Jonas Solbakken, Monica H. Sharma, Animesh Wetten, Ola F. Lanzén, Anders Winer, Roger Knight, James Vogel, Jan-Hinnerk Aken, Bronwen Andersen, Øivind Lagesen, Karin Tooming-Klunderud, Ave Edvardsen, Rolf B. Tina, Kirubakaran G. Espelund, Mari Nepal, Chirag Previti, Christopher Karlsen, Bård Ove Moum, Truls Skage, Morten Berg, Paul R. Gjøen, Tor Kuhl, Heiner Thorsen, Jim Malde, Ketil Reinhardt, Richard Du, Lei Johansen, Steinar D. Searle, Steve Lien, Sigbjørn Nilsen, Frank Jonassen, Inge Omholt, Stig W. Stenseth, Nils Christian Jakobsen, Kjetill S. |
author_facet |
Star, Bastiaan Nederbragt, Alexander J. Jentoft, Sissel Grimholt, Unni Malmstrøm, Martin Gregers, Tone F. Rounge, Trine B. Paulsen, Jonas Solbakken, Monica H. Sharma, Animesh Wetten, Ola F. Lanzén, Anders Winer, Roger Knight, James Vogel, Jan-Hinnerk Aken, Bronwen Andersen, Øivind Lagesen, Karin Tooming-Klunderud, Ave Edvardsen, Rolf B. Tina, Kirubakaran G. Espelund, Mari Nepal, Chirag Previti, Christopher Karlsen, Bård Ove Moum, Truls Skage, Morten Berg, Paul R. Gjøen, Tor Kuhl, Heiner Thorsen, Jim Malde, Ketil Reinhardt, Richard Du, Lei Johansen, Steinar D. Searle, Steve Lien, Sigbjørn Nilsen, Frank Jonassen, Inge Omholt, Stig W. Stenseth, Nils Christian Jakobsen, Kjetill S. |
author_sort |
Star, Bastiaan |
title |
The genome sequence of Atlantic cod reveals a unique immune system |
title_short |
The genome sequence of Atlantic cod reveals a unique immune system |
title_full |
The genome sequence of Atlantic cod reveals a unique immune system |
title_fullStr |
The genome sequence of Atlantic cod reveals a unique immune system |
title_full_unstemmed |
The genome sequence of Atlantic cod reveals a unique immune system |
title_sort |
genome sequence of atlantic cod reveals a unique immune system |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/117170 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10342 |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
op_source |
207-210 477 Nature |
op_relation |
urn:issn:0028-0836 urn:issn:1476-4687 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/117170 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10342 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10342 |
container_title |
Nature |
container_volume |
477 |
container_issue |
7363 |
container_start_page |
207 |
op_container_end_page |
210 |
_version_ |
1766356831368642560 |