Atlantic salmon populations invaded by farmed escapees: quantifying genetic introgression with a Bayesian approach and SNPs
Background Many native Atlantic salmon populations have been invaded by domesticated escapees for three decades or longer. However, thus far, the cumulative level of gene-flow that has occurred from farmed to wild salmon has not been reported for any native Atlantic salmon population. The aim of the...
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ftimr:oai:imr.brage.unit.no:11250/109212 2023-05-15T15:30:53+02:00 Atlantic salmon populations invaded by farmed escapees: quantifying genetic introgression with a Bayesian approach and SNPs Glover, Kevin A. Pertoldi, Cino Besnier, Francois Wennevik, Vidar Kent, Matthew Skaala, Øystein 2013-08-23 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/11250/109212 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-14-74 eng eng BioMed Central Atlantic salmon populations invaded by farmed escapees: quantifying genetic introgression with a Bayesian approach and SNPs Kevin Alan Glover, Cino Pertoldi, Francois Besnier, Vidar Wennevik, Matthew Kent, Øystein Skaala BMC Genet. 2013; 14: 74. urn:issn:1471-2156 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/109212 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-14-74 19 s. 14 BMC Genetics 74 environmental impact miljøpåvirkning farmed fish escape fiskerømning migration vandringer VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920::Aquaculture: 922 Journal article Peer reviewed 2013 ftimr https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-14-74 2021-09-23T20:15:49Z Background Many native Atlantic salmon populations have been invaded by domesticated escapees for three decades or longer. However, thus far, the cumulative level of gene-flow that has occurred from farmed to wild salmon has not been reported for any native Atlantic salmon population. The aim of the present study was to investigate temporal genetic stability in native populations, and, quantify gene-flow from farmed salmon that caused genetic changes where they were observed. This was achieved by genotyping historical and contemporary samples from 20 populations covering all of Norway with recently identified single nucleotide polymorphism markers that are collectively diagnostic for farmed and wild salmon. These analyses were combined with analysis of farmed salmon and implementation of Approximate Bayesian computation based simulations. Results Five of the populations displayed statistically significant temporal genetic changes. All five of these populations became more similar to a pool of farmed fish with time, strongly suggesting introgression of farmed fish as the primary cause. The remaining 15 populations displayed weak or non-significant temporal genetic changes. Estimated introgression of farmed fish ranged from 2-47% per population using approximate Bayesian computation. Thus, some populations exhibited high degrees of farmed salmon introgression while others were more or less unaffected. The observed frequency of escapees in each population was moderately correlated with estimated introgression per population R2 = 0.47 P < 0.001. Genetic isolation by distance existed within the historical and contemporary data sets, however, the among-population level of divergence decreased with time. Conclusions This is the first study to quantify cumulative introgression of farmed salmon in any native Atlantic salmon population. The estimations demonstrate that the level of introgression has been population-specific, and that the level of introgression is not solely predicted by the frequency of escapees observed in the population. However, some populations have been strongly admixed with farmed salmon, and these data provide policy makers with unique information to address this situation. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR Norway BMC Genetics 14 1 74 |
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Open Polar |
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Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR |
op_collection_id |
ftimr |
language |
English |
topic |
environmental impact miljøpåvirkning farmed fish escape fiskerømning migration vandringer VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920::Aquaculture: 922 |
spellingShingle |
environmental impact miljøpåvirkning farmed fish escape fiskerømning migration vandringer VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920::Aquaculture: 922 Glover, Kevin A. Pertoldi, Cino Besnier, Francois Wennevik, Vidar Kent, Matthew Skaala, Øystein Atlantic salmon populations invaded by farmed escapees: quantifying genetic introgression with a Bayesian approach and SNPs |
topic_facet |
environmental impact miljøpåvirkning farmed fish escape fiskerømning migration vandringer VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920::Aquaculture: 922 |
description |
Background Many native Atlantic salmon populations have been invaded by domesticated escapees for three decades or longer. However, thus far, the cumulative level of gene-flow that has occurred from farmed to wild salmon has not been reported for any native Atlantic salmon population. The aim of the present study was to investigate temporal genetic stability in native populations, and, quantify gene-flow from farmed salmon that caused genetic changes where they were observed. This was achieved by genotyping historical and contemporary samples from 20 populations covering all of Norway with recently identified single nucleotide polymorphism markers that are collectively diagnostic for farmed and wild salmon. These analyses were combined with analysis of farmed salmon and implementation of Approximate Bayesian computation based simulations. Results Five of the populations displayed statistically significant temporal genetic changes. All five of these populations became more similar to a pool of farmed fish with time, strongly suggesting introgression of farmed fish as the primary cause. The remaining 15 populations displayed weak or non-significant temporal genetic changes. Estimated introgression of farmed fish ranged from 2-47% per population using approximate Bayesian computation. Thus, some populations exhibited high degrees of farmed salmon introgression while others were more or less unaffected. The observed frequency of escapees in each population was moderately correlated with estimated introgression per population R2 = 0.47 P < 0.001. Genetic isolation by distance existed within the historical and contemporary data sets, however, the among-population level of divergence decreased with time. Conclusions This is the first study to quantify cumulative introgression of farmed salmon in any native Atlantic salmon population. The estimations demonstrate that the level of introgression has been population-specific, and that the level of introgression is not solely predicted by the frequency of escapees observed in the population. However, some populations have been strongly admixed with farmed salmon, and these data provide policy makers with unique information to address this situation. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Glover, Kevin A. Pertoldi, Cino Besnier, Francois Wennevik, Vidar Kent, Matthew Skaala, Øystein |
author_facet |
Glover, Kevin A. Pertoldi, Cino Besnier, Francois Wennevik, Vidar Kent, Matthew Skaala, Øystein |
author_sort |
Glover, Kevin A. |
title |
Atlantic salmon populations invaded by farmed escapees: quantifying genetic introgression with a Bayesian approach and SNPs |
title_short |
Atlantic salmon populations invaded by farmed escapees: quantifying genetic introgression with a Bayesian approach and SNPs |
title_full |
Atlantic salmon populations invaded by farmed escapees: quantifying genetic introgression with a Bayesian approach and SNPs |
title_fullStr |
Atlantic salmon populations invaded by farmed escapees: quantifying genetic introgression with a Bayesian approach and SNPs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Atlantic salmon populations invaded by farmed escapees: quantifying genetic introgression with a Bayesian approach and SNPs |
title_sort |
atlantic salmon populations invaded by farmed escapees: quantifying genetic introgression with a bayesian approach and snps |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/109212 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-14-74 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_source |
19 s. 14 BMC Genetics 74 |
op_relation |
Atlantic salmon populations invaded by farmed escapees: quantifying genetic introgression with a Bayesian approach and SNPs Kevin Alan Glover, Cino Pertoldi, Francois Besnier, Vidar Wennevik, Matthew Kent, Øystein Skaala BMC Genet. 2013; 14: 74. urn:issn:1471-2156 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/109212 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-14-74 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-14-74 |
container_title |
BMC Genetics |
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14 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
74 |
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1766361351595229184 |