A comparison of community and trophic structure in five marine ecosystems based on energy budgets and system metrics
As part of the international MENU collaboration, energy budget models for five marine ecosystems were compared to identify differences and similarities in trophic and community characteristics across ecosystems. We examined the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, the comb...
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ftimr:oai:imr.brage.unit.no:11250/103164 2023-05-15T15:43:55+02:00 A comparison of community and trophic structure in five marine ecosystems based on energy budgets and system metrics Gaichas, Sarah Skaret, Georg Falk-Petersen, Jannike Link, Jason S. Overholtz, William Megrey, Bernard A. Gjøsæter, Harald Stockhausen, William Dommasnes, Are Friedland, Kevin Aydin, Kerim 2007 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/11250/103164 eng eng ICES ICES CM documents;2007/D:11 This report is not to be quoted without prior consultation with the General Secretary. http://hdl.handle.net/11250/103164 2 s. marine ecosystems marine økosystemer VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 Working paper 2007 ftimr 2021-09-23T20:15:04Z As part of the international MENU collaboration, energy budget models for five marine ecosystems were compared to identify differences and similarities in trophic and community characteristics across ecosystems. We examined the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, the combined Norwegian/Barents Seas in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, and the eastern Bering Sea and the Gulf of Alaska in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. Comparable energy budgets were constructed for each ecosystem by aggregating information for similar species groups into consistent functional groups across all five ecosystems. Several ecosystem metrics (including functional group production, consumption, and biomass ratios, ABC curves, cumulative biomass, food web macrodescriptors, and network metrics) were examined across the ecosystems. The comparative approach clearly identified data gaps for each ecosystem, an important outcome of this work. Commonalities across the ecosystems included overall high primary production and energy flow at low trophic levels, high production and consumption by carnivorous zooplankton, and similar proportions of apex predator to lower trophic level biomass. Major differences included distinct biomass ratios of pelagic to demersal fish, ranging from highest in the Norwegian/Barents ecosystem to lowest in the Alaskan systems, and notable gradients in primary production per unit area, highest in the Alaskan and Georges Bank/Gulf of Maine ecosystems, and lowest in the Norwegian ecosystems. While comparing a disparate group of organisms across a wide range of marine ecosystems is challenging, this work demonstrates that standardized metrics both elucidate properties common to marine ecosystems and identify key distinctions for fishery management. Report Bering Sea Northeast Atlantic Northwest Atlantic Alaska Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR Bering Sea Gulf of Alaska Pacific |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Institute for Marine Research: Brage IMR |
op_collection_id |
ftimr |
language |
English |
topic |
marine ecosystems marine økosystemer VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 |
spellingShingle |
marine ecosystems marine økosystemer VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 Gaichas, Sarah Skaret, Georg Falk-Petersen, Jannike Link, Jason S. Overholtz, William Megrey, Bernard A. Gjøsæter, Harald Stockhausen, William Dommasnes, Are Friedland, Kevin Aydin, Kerim A comparison of community and trophic structure in five marine ecosystems based on energy budgets and system metrics |
topic_facet |
marine ecosystems marine økosystemer VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 |
description |
As part of the international MENU collaboration, energy budget models for five marine ecosystems were compared to identify differences and similarities in trophic and community characteristics across ecosystems. We examined the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, the combined Norwegian/Barents Seas in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, and the eastern Bering Sea and the Gulf of Alaska in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. Comparable energy budgets were constructed for each ecosystem by aggregating information for similar species groups into consistent functional groups across all five ecosystems. Several ecosystem metrics (including functional group production, consumption, and biomass ratios, ABC curves, cumulative biomass, food web macrodescriptors, and network metrics) were examined across the ecosystems. The comparative approach clearly identified data gaps for each ecosystem, an important outcome of this work. Commonalities across the ecosystems included overall high primary production and energy flow at low trophic levels, high production and consumption by carnivorous zooplankton, and similar proportions of apex predator to lower trophic level biomass. Major differences included distinct biomass ratios of pelagic to demersal fish, ranging from highest in the Norwegian/Barents ecosystem to lowest in the Alaskan systems, and notable gradients in primary production per unit area, highest in the Alaskan and Georges Bank/Gulf of Maine ecosystems, and lowest in the Norwegian ecosystems. While comparing a disparate group of organisms across a wide range of marine ecosystems is challenging, this work demonstrates that standardized metrics both elucidate properties common to marine ecosystems and identify key distinctions for fishery management. |
format |
Report |
author |
Gaichas, Sarah Skaret, Georg Falk-Petersen, Jannike Link, Jason S. Overholtz, William Megrey, Bernard A. Gjøsæter, Harald Stockhausen, William Dommasnes, Are Friedland, Kevin Aydin, Kerim |
author_facet |
Gaichas, Sarah Skaret, Georg Falk-Petersen, Jannike Link, Jason S. Overholtz, William Megrey, Bernard A. Gjøsæter, Harald Stockhausen, William Dommasnes, Are Friedland, Kevin Aydin, Kerim |
author_sort |
Gaichas, Sarah |
title |
A comparison of community and trophic structure in five marine ecosystems based on energy budgets and system metrics |
title_short |
A comparison of community and trophic structure in five marine ecosystems based on energy budgets and system metrics |
title_full |
A comparison of community and trophic structure in five marine ecosystems based on energy budgets and system metrics |
title_fullStr |
A comparison of community and trophic structure in five marine ecosystems based on energy budgets and system metrics |
title_full_unstemmed |
A comparison of community and trophic structure in five marine ecosystems based on energy budgets and system metrics |
title_sort |
comparison of community and trophic structure in five marine ecosystems based on energy budgets and system metrics |
publisher |
ICES |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/103164 |
geographic |
Bering Sea Gulf of Alaska Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Bering Sea Gulf of Alaska Pacific |
genre |
Bering Sea Northeast Atlantic Northwest Atlantic Alaska |
genre_facet |
Bering Sea Northeast Atlantic Northwest Atlantic Alaska |
op_source |
2 s. |
op_relation |
ICES CM documents;2007/D:11 This report is not to be quoted without prior consultation with the General Secretary. http://hdl.handle.net/11250/103164 |
_version_ |
1766378136166989824 |