Emergence of deep convection in the Arctic Ocean under a warming climate
The appearance of winter deep mixed layers in the Arctic Ocean under a warming climate is investigated with the HiGEM coupled global climate model. In response to a four times increase of atmospheric CO2 levels with respect to present day conditions, the Arctic Basin becomes seasonally ice-free. Its...
Published in: | Climate Dynamics |
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Language: | English |
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Springer Verlag
2017
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/60861 http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000429650700040&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-017-3849-9 |
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ftimperialcol:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/60861 2023-05-15T14:29:16+02:00 Emergence of deep convection in the Arctic Ocean under a warming climate Lique, C Johnson, HL Plancherel, Y 2017-07-31 http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/60861 http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000429650700040&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-017-3849-9 English eng Springer Verlag Climate Dynamics © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017. The final publication is available at Springer via https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00382-017-3849-9 3847 3833 Science & Technology Physical Sciences Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences CIRCULATION MODELS SURFACE STRESS CMIP5 MODELS AMPLIFICATION SIMULATIONS IMPACT TEMPERATURE FEEDBACKS GREENLAND SALINITY 0401 Atmospheric Sciences 0405 Oceanography Journal Article 2017 ftimperialcol https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-017-3849-9 2018-09-16T06:03:01Z The appearance of winter deep mixed layers in the Arctic Ocean under a warming climate is investigated with the HiGEM coupled global climate model. In response to a four times increase of atmospheric CO2 levels with respect to present day conditions, the Arctic Basin becomes seasonally ice-free. Its surface becomes consequently warmer and, on average, slightly fresher. Locally, changes in surface salinity can be far larger (up to 4 psu) than the basin-scale average, and of a different sign. The Canadian Basin undergoes a strong freshening, while the Eurasian Basin undergoes strong salinification. These changes are driven by the spin up of the surface circulation, likely resulting from the increased transfer of momentum to the ocean as sea ice cover is reduced. Changes in the surface salinity field also result in a change in stratification, which is strongly enhanced in the Canadian Basin and reduced in the Eurasian Basin. Reduction, or even suppression, of the stratification in the Eurasian Basin produces an environment that is favourable for, and promotes the appearance of, deep convection near the sea ice edge, leading to a significant deepening of winter mixed layers in this region (down to 1000 m). As the Arctic Ocean is transitioning toward a summer ice-free regime, new dynamical ocean processes will appear in the region, with potentially important consequences for the Arctic Ocean itself and for climate, both locally and on larger scales. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Basin Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Sea ice Imperial College London: Spiral Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Climate Dynamics 50 9-10 3833 3847 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Imperial College London: Spiral |
op_collection_id |
ftimperialcol |
language |
English |
topic |
Science & Technology Physical Sciences Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences CIRCULATION MODELS SURFACE STRESS CMIP5 MODELS AMPLIFICATION SIMULATIONS IMPACT TEMPERATURE FEEDBACKS GREENLAND SALINITY 0401 Atmospheric Sciences 0405 Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
Science & Technology Physical Sciences Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences CIRCULATION MODELS SURFACE STRESS CMIP5 MODELS AMPLIFICATION SIMULATIONS IMPACT TEMPERATURE FEEDBACKS GREENLAND SALINITY 0401 Atmospheric Sciences 0405 Oceanography Lique, C Johnson, HL Plancherel, Y Emergence of deep convection in the Arctic Ocean under a warming climate |
topic_facet |
Science & Technology Physical Sciences Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences CIRCULATION MODELS SURFACE STRESS CMIP5 MODELS AMPLIFICATION SIMULATIONS IMPACT TEMPERATURE FEEDBACKS GREENLAND SALINITY 0401 Atmospheric Sciences 0405 Oceanography |
description |
The appearance of winter deep mixed layers in the Arctic Ocean under a warming climate is investigated with the HiGEM coupled global climate model. In response to a four times increase of atmospheric CO2 levels with respect to present day conditions, the Arctic Basin becomes seasonally ice-free. Its surface becomes consequently warmer and, on average, slightly fresher. Locally, changes in surface salinity can be far larger (up to 4 psu) than the basin-scale average, and of a different sign. The Canadian Basin undergoes a strong freshening, while the Eurasian Basin undergoes strong salinification. These changes are driven by the spin up of the surface circulation, likely resulting from the increased transfer of momentum to the ocean as sea ice cover is reduced. Changes in the surface salinity field also result in a change in stratification, which is strongly enhanced in the Canadian Basin and reduced in the Eurasian Basin. Reduction, or even suppression, of the stratification in the Eurasian Basin produces an environment that is favourable for, and promotes the appearance of, deep convection near the sea ice edge, leading to a significant deepening of winter mixed layers in this region (down to 1000 m). As the Arctic Ocean is transitioning toward a summer ice-free regime, new dynamical ocean processes will appear in the region, with potentially important consequences for the Arctic Ocean itself and for climate, both locally and on larger scales. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lique, C Johnson, HL Plancherel, Y |
author_facet |
Lique, C Johnson, HL Plancherel, Y |
author_sort |
Lique, C |
title |
Emergence of deep convection in the Arctic Ocean under a warming climate |
title_short |
Emergence of deep convection in the Arctic Ocean under a warming climate |
title_full |
Emergence of deep convection in the Arctic Ocean under a warming climate |
title_fullStr |
Emergence of deep convection in the Arctic Ocean under a warming climate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Emergence of deep convection in the Arctic Ocean under a warming climate |
title_sort |
emergence of deep convection in the arctic ocean under a warming climate |
publisher |
Springer Verlag |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/60861 http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000429650700040&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-017-3849-9 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Basin Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Basin Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Sea ice |
op_source |
3847 3833 |
op_relation |
Climate Dynamics |
op_rights |
© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017. The final publication is available at Springer via https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00382-017-3849-9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-017-3849-9 |
container_title |
Climate Dynamics |
container_volume |
50 |
container_issue |
9-10 |
container_start_page |
3833 |
op_container_end_page |
3847 |
_version_ |
1766303325849911296 |