The formation of Laurentia: evidence from shear wave splitting
The northern Hudson Bay region in Canada comprises several Archean cratonic nuclei, assembled by a number of Paleoproterozoic orogenies including the Trans-Hudson Orogen (THO) and the Rinkian–Nagssugtoqidian Orogen. Recent debate has focused on the extent to which these orogens have modern analogues...
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ftimperialcol:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/50765 2023-05-15T15:35:24+02:00 The formation of Laurentia: evidence from shear wave splitting Liddell, M Bastow, ID Darbyshire, FA Gilligan, A Pugh, S Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC) The Leverhulme Trust 2017-09-12 http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/50765 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.09.030 unknown Elsevier Earth and Planetary Science Letters 0012-821X http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/50765 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2017.09.030 EP/K503381/1 RPG-2013-332 © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) CC-BY 178 170 Science & Technology Physical Sciences Geochemistry & Geophysics shear wave splitting Paleoproterozoic seismic anisotropy Trans-Hudson orogen Laurentia cratons WESTERN CHURCHILL PROVINCE UPPER-MANTLE CANADA BENEATH BAY CRATON SKS GA 02 Physical Sciences 04 Earth Sciences Journal Article 2017 ftimperialcol https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.09.030 2021-02-25T23:39:17Z The northern Hudson Bay region in Canada comprises several Archean cratonic nuclei, assembled by a number of Paleoproterozoic orogenies including the Trans-Hudson Orogen (THO) and the Rinkian–Nagssugtoqidian Orogen. Recent debate has focused on the extent to which these orogens have modern analogues such as the Himalayan–Karakoram–Tibet Orogen. Further, the structure of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Hudson Strait and southern Baffin Island is potentially indicative of Paleoproterozoic underthrusting of the Superior plate beneath the Churchill collage. Also in question is whether the Laurentian cratonic root is stratified, with a fast, depleted, Archean core underlain by a slower, younger, thermally-accreted layer. Plate-scale process that create structures such as these are expected to manifest as measurable fossil seismic anisotropic fabrics. We investigate these problems via shear wave splitting, and present the most comprehensive study to date of mantle seismic anisotropy in northern Laurentia. Strong evidence is presented for multiple layers of anisotropy beneath Archean zones, consistent with the episodic development model of stratified cratonic keels. We also show that southern Baffin Island is underlain by dipping anisotropic fabric, where underthrusting of the Superior plate beneath the Churchill has previously been interpreted. This provides direct evidence of subduction-related deformation at 1.8 Ga, implying that the THO developed with modern plate-tectonic style interactions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Baffin Island Baffin Hudson Bay Hudson Strait Imperial College London: Spiral Baffin Island Canada Hudson Hudson Bay Hudson Strait ENVELOPE(-70.000,-70.000,62.000,62.000) Earth and Planetary Science Letters 479 170 178 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Imperial College London: Spiral |
op_collection_id |
ftimperialcol |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Science & Technology Physical Sciences Geochemistry & Geophysics shear wave splitting Paleoproterozoic seismic anisotropy Trans-Hudson orogen Laurentia cratons WESTERN CHURCHILL PROVINCE UPPER-MANTLE CANADA BENEATH BAY CRATON SKS GA 02 Physical Sciences 04 Earth Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Science & Technology Physical Sciences Geochemistry & Geophysics shear wave splitting Paleoproterozoic seismic anisotropy Trans-Hudson orogen Laurentia cratons WESTERN CHURCHILL PROVINCE UPPER-MANTLE CANADA BENEATH BAY CRATON SKS GA 02 Physical Sciences 04 Earth Sciences Liddell, M Bastow, ID Darbyshire, FA Gilligan, A Pugh, S The formation of Laurentia: evidence from shear wave splitting |
topic_facet |
Science & Technology Physical Sciences Geochemistry & Geophysics shear wave splitting Paleoproterozoic seismic anisotropy Trans-Hudson orogen Laurentia cratons WESTERN CHURCHILL PROVINCE UPPER-MANTLE CANADA BENEATH BAY CRATON SKS GA 02 Physical Sciences 04 Earth Sciences |
description |
The northern Hudson Bay region in Canada comprises several Archean cratonic nuclei, assembled by a number of Paleoproterozoic orogenies including the Trans-Hudson Orogen (THO) and the Rinkian–Nagssugtoqidian Orogen. Recent debate has focused on the extent to which these orogens have modern analogues such as the Himalayan–Karakoram–Tibet Orogen. Further, the structure of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Hudson Strait and southern Baffin Island is potentially indicative of Paleoproterozoic underthrusting of the Superior plate beneath the Churchill collage. Also in question is whether the Laurentian cratonic root is stratified, with a fast, depleted, Archean core underlain by a slower, younger, thermally-accreted layer. Plate-scale process that create structures such as these are expected to manifest as measurable fossil seismic anisotropic fabrics. We investigate these problems via shear wave splitting, and present the most comprehensive study to date of mantle seismic anisotropy in northern Laurentia. Strong evidence is presented for multiple layers of anisotropy beneath Archean zones, consistent with the episodic development model of stratified cratonic keels. We also show that southern Baffin Island is underlain by dipping anisotropic fabric, where underthrusting of the Superior plate beneath the Churchill has previously been interpreted. This provides direct evidence of subduction-related deformation at 1.8 Ga, implying that the THO developed with modern plate-tectonic style interactions. |
author2 |
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC) The Leverhulme Trust |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Liddell, M Bastow, ID Darbyshire, FA Gilligan, A Pugh, S |
author_facet |
Liddell, M Bastow, ID Darbyshire, FA Gilligan, A Pugh, S |
author_sort |
Liddell, M |
title |
The formation of Laurentia: evidence from shear wave splitting |
title_short |
The formation of Laurentia: evidence from shear wave splitting |
title_full |
The formation of Laurentia: evidence from shear wave splitting |
title_fullStr |
The formation of Laurentia: evidence from shear wave splitting |
title_full_unstemmed |
The formation of Laurentia: evidence from shear wave splitting |
title_sort |
formation of laurentia: evidence from shear wave splitting |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/50765 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.09.030 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-70.000,-70.000,62.000,62.000) |
geographic |
Baffin Island Canada Hudson Hudson Bay Hudson Strait |
geographic_facet |
Baffin Island Canada Hudson Hudson Bay Hudson Strait |
genre |
Baffin Island Baffin Hudson Bay Hudson Strait |
genre_facet |
Baffin Island Baffin Hudson Bay Hudson Strait |
op_source |
178 170 |
op_relation |
Earth and Planetary Science Letters 0012-821X http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/50765 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2017.09.030 EP/K503381/1 RPG-2013-332 |
op_rights |
© 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.09.030 |
container_title |
Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
container_volume |
479 |
container_start_page |
170 |
op_container_end_page |
178 |
_version_ |
1766365742866890752 |