Environmental changes define ecological limits to species richness and reveal the mode of macroevolutionary competition
© 2016 The Authors. Ecology Letters published by CNRS and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Co-dependent geological and climatic changes obscure how species interact in deep time. The interplay between these environmental factors makes it hard to discern whether ecological competition exerts an upper limit...
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/31887 https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12626 |
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ftimperialcol:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/31887 2023-05-15T18:00:51+02:00 Environmental changes define ecological limits to species richness and reveal the mode of macroevolutionary competition Ezard, THG Purvis, A The Leverhulme Trust 2016-05-02 http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/31887 https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12626 unknown Wiley Ecology Letters © 2016 The Authors. Ecology Letters published by CNRS and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use,distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. CC-BY 906 899 Beverton-Holt Ricker contest competition diversification diversity-dependence ecological limits microfossil scramble competition Ecology 0501 Ecological Applications 0602 Ecology Journal Article 2016 ftimperialcol https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12626 2018-09-16T05:54:49Z © 2016 The Authors. Ecology Letters published by CNRS and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Co-dependent geological and climatic changes obscure how species interact in deep time. The interplay between these environmental factors makes it hard to discern whether ecological competition exerts an upper limit on species richness. Here, using the exceptional fossil record of Cenozoic Era macroperforate planktonic foraminifera, we assess the evidence for alternative modes of macroevolutionary competition. Our models support an environmentally dependent macroevolutionary form of contest competition that yields finite upper bounds on species richness. Models of biotic competition assuming unchanging environmental conditions were overwhelmingly rejected. In the best-supported model, temperature affects the per-lineage diversification rate, while both temperature and an environmental driver of sediment accumulation defines the upper limit. The support for contest competition implies that incumbency constrains species richness by restricting niche availability, and that the number of macroevolutionary niches varies as a function of environmental changes. Article in Journal/Newspaper Planktonic foraminifera Imperial College London: Spiral Ecology Letters 19 8 899 906 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Imperial College London: Spiral |
op_collection_id |
ftimperialcol |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Beverton-Holt Ricker contest competition diversification diversity-dependence ecological limits microfossil scramble competition Ecology 0501 Ecological Applications 0602 Ecology |
spellingShingle |
Beverton-Holt Ricker contest competition diversification diversity-dependence ecological limits microfossil scramble competition Ecology 0501 Ecological Applications 0602 Ecology Ezard, THG Purvis, A Environmental changes define ecological limits to species richness and reveal the mode of macroevolutionary competition |
topic_facet |
Beverton-Holt Ricker contest competition diversification diversity-dependence ecological limits microfossil scramble competition Ecology 0501 Ecological Applications 0602 Ecology |
description |
© 2016 The Authors. Ecology Letters published by CNRS and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Co-dependent geological and climatic changes obscure how species interact in deep time. The interplay between these environmental factors makes it hard to discern whether ecological competition exerts an upper limit on species richness. Here, using the exceptional fossil record of Cenozoic Era macroperforate planktonic foraminifera, we assess the evidence for alternative modes of macroevolutionary competition. Our models support an environmentally dependent macroevolutionary form of contest competition that yields finite upper bounds on species richness. Models of biotic competition assuming unchanging environmental conditions were overwhelmingly rejected. In the best-supported model, temperature affects the per-lineage diversification rate, while both temperature and an environmental driver of sediment accumulation defines the upper limit. The support for contest competition implies that incumbency constrains species richness by restricting niche availability, and that the number of macroevolutionary niches varies as a function of environmental changes. |
author2 |
The Leverhulme Trust |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ezard, THG Purvis, A |
author_facet |
Ezard, THG Purvis, A |
author_sort |
Ezard, THG |
title |
Environmental changes define ecological limits to species richness and reveal the mode of macroevolutionary competition |
title_short |
Environmental changes define ecological limits to species richness and reveal the mode of macroevolutionary competition |
title_full |
Environmental changes define ecological limits to species richness and reveal the mode of macroevolutionary competition |
title_fullStr |
Environmental changes define ecological limits to species richness and reveal the mode of macroevolutionary competition |
title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental changes define ecological limits to species richness and reveal the mode of macroevolutionary competition |
title_sort |
environmental changes define ecological limits to species richness and reveal the mode of macroevolutionary competition |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/31887 https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12626 |
genre |
Planktonic foraminifera |
genre_facet |
Planktonic foraminifera |
op_source |
906 899 |
op_relation |
Ecology Letters |
op_rights |
© 2016 The Authors. Ecology Letters published by CNRS and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use,distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12626 |
container_title |
Ecology Letters |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
899 |
op_container_end_page |
906 |
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1766170127905062912 |