Geochemical Modelling of CO2 in Saline Aquifers

Carbon dioxide, CO2, disposal into saline aquifers could reduce emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. To ensure that the CO2 is trapped securely and will not escape to the surface, storage in such formations must be designed carefully. The geochemical reactions involved de...

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Main Author: Mohd Amin, Sharidah
Other Authors: Weiss, Dominik, Malaysia, Universiti Malaya
Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
Language:unknown
Published: Imperial College London 2014
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/24136
https://doi.org/10.25560/24136
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spelling ftimperialcol:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/24136 2023-05-15T17:24:42+02:00 Geochemical Modelling of CO2 in Saline Aquifers Mohd Amin, Sharidah Weiss, Dominik Malaysia Universiti Malaya 2014-03 http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/24136 https://doi.org/10.25560/24136 unknown Imperial College London Earth Science & Engineering Thesis or dissertation Doctoral Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 2014 ftimperialcol https://doi.org/10.25560/24136 2019-11-14T23:38:26Z Carbon dioxide, CO2, disposal into saline aquifers could reduce emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. To ensure that the CO2 is trapped securely and will not escape to the surface, storage in such formations must be designed carefully. The geochemical reactions involved depend on the composition of the injected fluid introduced in the aquifer and the composition of the initial minerals assemblage and the aquifer brine. This thesis studies mineral dissolution/precipitation during CO2 storage, both in the cap rock and the storage aquifer itself. The overall objective is to propose an ideal storage design for long term, inexpensive and safe CO2 disposal in saline aquifers. The rate-limiting effects of CH4 impurities in gas streams on the CO2 reactivity in the cap rock and aquifer (carbonate and sandstone) at conditions representative of storage locations are studied. Representative geochemical data of formation water and mineralogy assemblages of cap rock (Nordland shale) overlying the Sleipner field, Dogger carbonate aquifer from Paris basin, France and Frio sandstone aquifer from Texas, US, are used. Kinetic batch and one-dimensional and two-dimensional reactive transport models are run to predict mineral alteration induced in the cap rock and in the aquifer. Cap rock models are run using PHREEQC for 10,000 years. The model considers both pure CO2 and mixtures of CO2 with CH4 (1-4 (w/w)%) in the injected gas stream. The simulations demonstrate that mixtures of CO2 with CH4 suppress the porosity increase in the cap rock, leading to more secure storage. The aquifers models incorporate 1 (w/w)% organic matter and are run using TOUGHREACT. CO2 was initially injected at constant rate of 30kg/s for 25 years and the models were subsequently run for 10,000 years to study long-term storage. The simulations demonstrate that injection of CO2 in microbial-mediated aquifers enhances the precipitation of secondary carbonates minerals and decreases the porosity of both sandstone and carbonate aquifers. Overall, this study proposes two main design criteria for safe and cost-effective CO2 storage: CO2 injection with CH4 (1-4 (w/w)%) and CO2 injection into microbial-mediated aquifers to enhance mineral precipitation, rendering storage secure. Open Access Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Nordland Nordland Nordland Imperial College London: Spiral Sleipner ENVELOPE(-41.417,-41.417,63.883,63.883)
institution Open Polar
collection Imperial College London: Spiral
op_collection_id ftimperialcol
language unknown
description Carbon dioxide, CO2, disposal into saline aquifers could reduce emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. To ensure that the CO2 is trapped securely and will not escape to the surface, storage in such formations must be designed carefully. The geochemical reactions involved depend on the composition of the injected fluid introduced in the aquifer and the composition of the initial minerals assemblage and the aquifer brine. This thesis studies mineral dissolution/precipitation during CO2 storage, both in the cap rock and the storage aquifer itself. The overall objective is to propose an ideal storage design for long term, inexpensive and safe CO2 disposal in saline aquifers. The rate-limiting effects of CH4 impurities in gas streams on the CO2 reactivity in the cap rock and aquifer (carbonate and sandstone) at conditions representative of storage locations are studied. Representative geochemical data of formation water and mineralogy assemblages of cap rock (Nordland shale) overlying the Sleipner field, Dogger carbonate aquifer from Paris basin, France and Frio sandstone aquifer from Texas, US, are used. Kinetic batch and one-dimensional and two-dimensional reactive transport models are run to predict mineral alteration induced in the cap rock and in the aquifer. Cap rock models are run using PHREEQC for 10,000 years. The model considers both pure CO2 and mixtures of CO2 with CH4 (1-4 (w/w)%) in the injected gas stream. The simulations demonstrate that mixtures of CO2 with CH4 suppress the porosity increase in the cap rock, leading to more secure storage. The aquifers models incorporate 1 (w/w)% organic matter and are run using TOUGHREACT. CO2 was initially injected at constant rate of 30kg/s for 25 years and the models were subsequently run for 10,000 years to study long-term storage. The simulations demonstrate that injection of CO2 in microbial-mediated aquifers enhances the precipitation of secondary carbonates minerals and decreases the porosity of both sandstone and carbonate aquifers. Overall, this study proposes two main design criteria for safe and cost-effective CO2 storage: CO2 injection with CH4 (1-4 (w/w)%) and CO2 injection into microbial-mediated aquifers to enhance mineral precipitation, rendering storage secure. Open Access
author2 Weiss, Dominik
Malaysia
Universiti Malaya
format Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
author Mohd Amin, Sharidah
spellingShingle Mohd Amin, Sharidah
Geochemical Modelling of CO2 in Saline Aquifers
author_facet Mohd Amin, Sharidah
author_sort Mohd Amin, Sharidah
title Geochemical Modelling of CO2 in Saline Aquifers
title_short Geochemical Modelling of CO2 in Saline Aquifers
title_full Geochemical Modelling of CO2 in Saline Aquifers
title_fullStr Geochemical Modelling of CO2 in Saline Aquifers
title_full_unstemmed Geochemical Modelling of CO2 in Saline Aquifers
title_sort geochemical modelling of co2 in saline aquifers
publisher Imperial College London
publishDate 2014
url http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/24136
https://doi.org/10.25560/24136
long_lat ENVELOPE(-41.417,-41.417,63.883,63.883)
geographic Sleipner
geographic_facet Sleipner
genre Nordland
Nordland
Nordland
genre_facet Nordland
Nordland
Nordland
op_doi https://doi.org/10.25560/24136
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