Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity
Ocean acidification and warming are two main consequences of climate change that can directly affect biological and ecosystem processes in marine habitats. The Arctic Ocean is the region of the world experiencing climate change at the steepest rate compared with other latitudes. Since marine plankto...
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10508/14838 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494/pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 |
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ftieo:oai:repositorio.ieo.es:10508/14838 2023-06-11T04:08:53+02:00 Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity Sánchez-Lizaso, J.L. (José Luis) Sola, I. (Iván) Guijarro-García, E. (Elena) González-Carrión, F. (Francisco) Franquesa, R. (Ramón) Bellido-Millán, J.M. (José María) 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10508/14838 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494/pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 eng eng Frontiers Media SA Sede Central IEO https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10508/14838 doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 Atribución 3.0 España http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ open access pCO2 temperature microbial food-webs viral life cycle Arctic Ocean research article 2019 ftieo https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 2023-05-02T23:49:28Z Ocean acidification and warming are two main consequences of climate change that can directly affect biological and ecosystem processes in marine habitats. The Arctic Ocean is the region of the world experiencing climate change at the steepest rate compared with other latitudes. Since marine planktonic microorganisms play a key role in the biogeochemical cycles in the ocean it is crucial to simultaneously evaluate the effect of warming and increasing CO2 on marine microbial communities. In 20 L experimental microcosms filled with water from a high-Arctic fjord (Svalbard), we examined changes in phototrophic and heterotrophic microbial abundances and processes [bacterial production (BP) and mortality], and viral activity (lytic and lysogenic) in relation to warming and elevated CO2. The summer microbial plankton community living at 1.4◦C in situ temperature, was exposed to increased CO2 concentrations (135–2,318 µatm) in three controlled temperature treatments (1, 6, and 10◦C) at the UNIS installations in Longyearbyen (Svalbard), in summer 2010. Results showed that chlorophyll a concentration decreased at increasing temperatures, while BP significantly increased with pCO2 at 6 and 10◦C. Lytic viral production was not affected by changes in pCO2 and temperature, while lysogeny increased significantly at increasing levels of pCO2, especially at 10◦C (R 2 = 0.858, p = 0.02). Moreover, protistan grazing rates showed a positive interaction between pCO2 and temperature. The averaged percentage of bacteria grazed per day was higher (19.56 ± 2.77% d−1 ) than the averaged percentage of lysed bacteria by virus (7.18 ± 1.50% d−1 ) for all treatments. Furthermore, the relationship among microbial abundances and processes showed that BP was significantly related to phototrophic pico/nanoflagellate abundance in the 1 ◦C and the 6◦C treatments, and BP triggered viral activity, mainly lysogeny at 6 and 10◦C, while bacterial mortality rates was significantly related to bacterial abundances at 6 ◦C. Consequently, our experimental ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Longyearbyen Ocean acidification Svalbard UNIS Instituto Español de Oceanografía: e-IEO Arctic Arctic Ocean Longyearbyen Svalbard Frontiers in Microbiology 10 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Instituto Español de Oceanografía: e-IEO |
op_collection_id |
ftieo |
language |
English |
topic |
pCO2 temperature microbial food-webs viral life cycle Arctic Ocean |
spellingShingle |
pCO2 temperature microbial food-webs viral life cycle Arctic Ocean Sánchez-Lizaso, J.L. (José Luis) Sola, I. (Iván) Guijarro-García, E. (Elena) González-Carrión, F. (Francisco) Franquesa, R. (Ramón) Bellido-Millán, J.M. (José María) Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity |
topic_facet |
pCO2 temperature microbial food-webs viral life cycle Arctic Ocean |
description |
Ocean acidification and warming are two main consequences of climate change that can directly affect biological and ecosystem processes in marine habitats. The Arctic Ocean is the region of the world experiencing climate change at the steepest rate compared with other latitudes. Since marine planktonic microorganisms play a key role in the biogeochemical cycles in the ocean it is crucial to simultaneously evaluate the effect of warming and increasing CO2 on marine microbial communities. In 20 L experimental microcosms filled with water from a high-Arctic fjord (Svalbard), we examined changes in phototrophic and heterotrophic microbial abundances and processes [bacterial production (BP) and mortality], and viral activity (lytic and lysogenic) in relation to warming and elevated CO2. The summer microbial plankton community living at 1.4◦C in situ temperature, was exposed to increased CO2 concentrations (135–2,318 µatm) in three controlled temperature treatments (1, 6, and 10◦C) at the UNIS installations in Longyearbyen (Svalbard), in summer 2010. Results showed that chlorophyll a concentration decreased at increasing temperatures, while BP significantly increased with pCO2 at 6 and 10◦C. Lytic viral production was not affected by changes in pCO2 and temperature, while lysogeny increased significantly at increasing levels of pCO2, especially at 10◦C (R 2 = 0.858, p = 0.02). Moreover, protistan grazing rates showed a positive interaction between pCO2 and temperature. The averaged percentage of bacteria grazed per day was higher (19.56 ± 2.77% d−1 ) than the averaged percentage of lysed bacteria by virus (7.18 ± 1.50% d−1 ) for all treatments. Furthermore, the relationship among microbial abundances and processes showed that BP was significantly related to phototrophic pico/nanoflagellate abundance in the 1 ◦C and the 6◦C treatments, and BP triggered viral activity, mainly lysogeny at 6 and 10◦C, while bacterial mortality rates was significantly related to bacterial abundances at 6 ◦C. Consequently, our experimental ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sánchez-Lizaso, J.L. (José Luis) Sola, I. (Iván) Guijarro-García, E. (Elena) González-Carrión, F. (Francisco) Franquesa, R. (Ramón) Bellido-Millán, J.M. (José María) |
author_facet |
Sánchez-Lizaso, J.L. (José Luis) Sola, I. (Iván) Guijarro-García, E. (Elena) González-Carrión, F. (Francisco) Franquesa, R. (Ramón) Bellido-Millán, J.M. (José María) |
author_sort |
Sánchez-Lizaso, J.L. (José Luis) |
title |
Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity |
title_short |
Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity |
title_full |
Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity |
title_fullStr |
Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity |
title_sort |
warming and co2 enhance arctic heterotrophic microbial activity |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10508/14838 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494/pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Longyearbyen Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Longyearbyen Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Longyearbyen Ocean acidification Svalbard UNIS |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Longyearbyen Ocean acidification Svalbard UNIS |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10508/14838 doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 |
op_rights |
Atribución 3.0 España http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ open access |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
10 |
_version_ |
1768382503374028800 |