Recruitment in agriculture in Iceland and effects distance from Reykjavík (Translated by Webmaster)

• Main Author: Karlsson, Vífill
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Icelandic
• Published: School of Social Sciences 2018
• Subjects: Nýliðun; landbúnaður; landfræðilegur breytileiki; aldur bænda; panelgögn; New entry; farming; spatial disparity; farmers age; panel data; Halda; Reykjavík; Iceland
• Online Access: https://ojs.hi.is/index.php/tf/article/view/3783

A continuous decline in the number of farmers and a weakening of rural communities in Iceland has been a problem for those who like a dispersed population. Net new entries in the sheep and cattle farming of Iceland is the focal point of the present study, i.e. the relationship between the net new entry and several other factors: distance from the capital city, age, sex, national origin, agricultural branch, and location. Due to a well-known relationship between land price and distance from a city centre (Thunen, 1966) the role of distance in new entry will be highlighted. A panel data sample from 2000–2009, covering all farms in Iceland, was used and it returned close to 35,000 observations. Logit models were implemented, both a standard and a panel data fixed-effect version. The results suggest that the probability for a net new entry in the different branches increases by every kilometre from Reykjavík, reaches its maximum at a distance of 220 kilometres and decreases thereafter. Furthermore, the probability of a net new entry is higher in sheep farming than in cattle, higher for women than for men, higher on the south coast than on the north coast, and higher for younger than older people. Exit in agriculture was analysed as well and, unexpectedly, it was found to be more likely for young individuals than for middle-aged people. Fækkun bænda og veiking sveitarsamfélaga hefur verið áhyggjuefni meðal þeirra sem vilja halda landinu öllu í byggð. Í greininni er nýliðun í nautgripaog sauðfjárrækt á Íslandi í brennidepli. Skoðað var hvaða áhrif fjarlægð frá Reykjavík, aldur einstaklinga, kyn, uppruni, búgrein og landsvæði hefur á nýliðun í greininni. Vegna þekkts landfræðilegs sambands land- og fasteignaverðs og fjarlægðar frá borgum (Thunen, 1966) var athyglin meiri á áhrif fjarlægðar frá Reykjavík á nýliðun. Gögn yfir allar bújarðir á tímabilinu 2000–2009 voru notuð, sem skilaði tæplega 35.000 athugunum. Hefðbundnu logit tölfræðilíkani var beitt ásamt fixed effect logit líkani fyrir panelgögn til stuðnings og ...