Evaluating the diet of children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes: First results from the TEENDIAB study.

• Published in: Public Health Nutrition
• Main Authors: Weber, K.S.C., Raab, J., Haupt, F., Aschemeier, B., Wosch, A., Ried, C., Kordonouri, O., Ziegler, A.-G., Winkler, C.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge Univ Press 2015
• Subjects: Nutrition; Diet History Interview Dishes Junior; Type 1 Diabetes; Teendiab Study; eskimo*
• Online Access: https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=29325; https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980013003406

OBJECTIVE: The development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is potentially influenced by nutrition. The aim of our study was to assess food and nutrient intakes of children at increased risk of T1D. DESIGN: Dietary intake of the last 4 weeks was assessed using a diet history interview. The daily nutrient and food intakes were compared with the German Dietary Reference Intakes, the Optimized Mixed Diet recommendations and those of a representative sample of children from the EsKiMo study. SETTING: Children included in the analysis participated in the prospective TEENDIAB study. SUBJECTS: First-degree relatives of people with T1D (n 268), aged 8-12 years. RESULTS: The TEENDIAB children consumed 52·0 % of their total energy from carbohydrates, 32·6 % from fat and 14·3 % from protein. Compared with the reference values, their intake was lowest for folate at 61·3 % of the reference, for iodine at 58·1 % and for vitamin D at 8·9 %, and exceeded the reference for vitamin K about 5-fold, for Na about 3·5-fold and for protein about 1·5-fold. Their nutrient intakes were similar to those of a control cohort without increased T1D risk. The consumption of non-desirable food groups (meat products, sweets/snacks) was above the recommendations and the consumption of desirable food groups (fruits, vegetables, carbohydrate-rich foods) was below the recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: The TEENDIAB children had intakes considerably below the recommendations for vitamin D, iodine, folate and plant-based foods, and intakes above for vitamin K, Na, protein, meat products and sweets/snacks. They showed similar dietary patterns to non-risk children.