Estimation of sinking velocity using free-falling dynamically scaled models: Foraminifera as a test case
The velocity of settling particles is an important determinant of distribution in extinct and extant species with passive dispersal mechanisms, such as plants, corals and phytoplankton. Here, we adapted dynamic scaling, borrowed from engineering, to determine settling velocity. Dynamic scaling lever...
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Language: | English |
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Online Access: | https://publications.hereon.de/id/39708 https://publications.hzg.de/id/39708 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.230961 |
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fthzgzmk:oai:publications.hereon.de:39708 2023-06-11T04:16:07+02:00 Estimation of sinking velocity using free-falling dynamically scaled models: Foraminifera as a test case Walker, M. Hammel, J. Wilde, F. Hoehfurtner, T. Humphries, S. Schuech, R. 2021 https://publications.hereon.de/id/39708 https://publications.hzg.de/id/39708 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.230961 en eng Company of Biologists https://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.230961 urn:issn:0022-0949 https://publications.hereon.de/id/39708 https://publications.hzg.de/id/39708 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess open_access oa_allgemein_hybrid issn:0022-0949 Walker, M.; Hammel, J.; Wilde, F.; Hoehfurtner, T.; Humphries, S.; Schuech, R.: Estimation of sinking velocity using free-falling dynamically scaled models: Foraminifera as a test case. In: Journal of Experimental Biology. Vol. 224 (2021) jeb230961. (DOI: /10.1242/jeb.230961) info:eu-repo/semantics/article Zeitschrift Artikel 2021 fthzgzmk https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.230961 2023-05-28T23:25:12Z The velocity of settling particles is an important determinant of distribution in extinct and extant species with passive dispersal mechanisms, such as plants, corals and phytoplankton. Here, we adapted dynamic scaling, borrowed from engineering, to determine settling velocity. Dynamic scaling leverages physical models with relevant dimensionless numbers matched to achieve similar dynamics to the original object. Previous studies have used flumes, wind tunnels or towed models to examine fluid flow around objects with known velocities. Our novel application uses free-falling models to determine the unknown sinking velocity of planktonic Foraminifera – organisms important to our understanding of the Earth\'s current and historic climate. Using enlarged 3D printed models of microscopic Foraminifera tests, sunk in viscous mineral oil to match their Reynolds numbers and drag coefficients, we predicted sinking velocity of real tests in seawater. This method can be applied to study other settling particles such as plankton, spores or seeds. Article in Journal/Newspaper Planktonic foraminifera Hereon Publications (Helmholtz-Zentrum) Journal of Experimental Biology |
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Open Polar |
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Hereon Publications (Helmholtz-Zentrum) |
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fthzgzmk |
language |
English |
description |
The velocity of settling particles is an important determinant of distribution in extinct and extant species with passive dispersal mechanisms, such as plants, corals and phytoplankton. Here, we adapted dynamic scaling, borrowed from engineering, to determine settling velocity. Dynamic scaling leverages physical models with relevant dimensionless numbers matched to achieve similar dynamics to the original object. Previous studies have used flumes, wind tunnels or towed models to examine fluid flow around objects with known velocities. Our novel application uses free-falling models to determine the unknown sinking velocity of planktonic Foraminifera – organisms important to our understanding of the Earth\'s current and historic climate. Using enlarged 3D printed models of microscopic Foraminifera tests, sunk in viscous mineral oil to match their Reynolds numbers and drag coefficients, we predicted sinking velocity of real tests in seawater. This method can be applied to study other settling particles such as plankton, spores or seeds. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Walker, M. Hammel, J. Wilde, F. Hoehfurtner, T. Humphries, S. Schuech, R. |
spellingShingle |
Walker, M. Hammel, J. Wilde, F. Hoehfurtner, T. Humphries, S. Schuech, R. Estimation of sinking velocity using free-falling dynamically scaled models: Foraminifera as a test case |
author_facet |
Walker, M. Hammel, J. Wilde, F. Hoehfurtner, T. Humphries, S. Schuech, R. |
author_sort |
Walker, M. |
title |
Estimation of sinking velocity using free-falling dynamically scaled models: Foraminifera as a test case |
title_short |
Estimation of sinking velocity using free-falling dynamically scaled models: Foraminifera as a test case |
title_full |
Estimation of sinking velocity using free-falling dynamically scaled models: Foraminifera as a test case |
title_fullStr |
Estimation of sinking velocity using free-falling dynamically scaled models: Foraminifera as a test case |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estimation of sinking velocity using free-falling dynamically scaled models: Foraminifera as a test case |
title_sort |
estimation of sinking velocity using free-falling dynamically scaled models: foraminifera as a test case |
publisher |
Company of Biologists |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://publications.hereon.de/id/39708 https://publications.hzg.de/id/39708 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.230961 |
genre |
Planktonic foraminifera |
genre_facet |
Planktonic foraminifera |
op_source |
issn:0022-0949 Walker, M.; Hammel, J.; Wilde, F.; Hoehfurtner, T.; Humphries, S.; Schuech, R.: Estimation of sinking velocity using free-falling dynamically scaled models: Foraminifera as a test case. In: Journal of Experimental Biology. Vol. 224 (2021) jeb230961. (DOI: /10.1242/jeb.230961) |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.230961 urn:issn:0022-0949 https://publications.hereon.de/id/39708 https://publications.hzg.de/id/39708 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess open_access oa_allgemein_hybrid |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.230961 |
container_title |
Journal of Experimental Biology |
_version_ |
1768373547199102976 |