Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance
The Öresund (the Sound), which is a part of the Danish straits, is linking the marine North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. It is a transition zone where ecosystems are subjected to large gradients in terms of salinity, temperature, carbonate chemistry, and dissolved oxygen concentration. In additi...
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fthzgzmk:oai:publications.hereon.de:38655 2023-06-11T04:14:57+02:00 Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance Charrieau, L. Ljung, K. Schenk, F. Daewel, U. Kritzberg, E. Filipsson, H. 2019 https://publications.hereon.de/id/38655 https://publications.hzg.de/id/38655 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019 en eng EGU - Copernicus Publication https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019 urn:issn:1726-4170 https://publications.hereon.de/id/38655 https://publications.hzg.de/id/38655 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess open_access oa_gold issn:1726-4170 Charrieau, L.; Ljung, K.; Schenk, F.; Daewel, U.; Kritzberg, E.; Filipsson, H.: Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance. In: Biogeosciences. Vol. 16 (2019) 19, 3835 - 3852. (DOI: /10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019) info:eu-repo/semantics/article Zeitschrift Artikel 2019 fthzgzmk https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019 2023-05-28T23:25:00Z The Öresund (the Sound), which is a part of the Danish straits, is linking the marine North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. It is a transition zone where ecosystems are subjected to large gradients in terms of salinity, temperature, carbonate chemistry, and dissolved oxygen concentration. In addition to the highly variable environmental conditions, the area is responding to anthropogenic disturbances in, e.g., nutrient loading, temperature, and pH. We have reconstructed environmental changes in the Öresund during the last ca. 200 years, and especially dissolved oxygen concentration, salinity, organic matter content, and pollution levels, using benthic foraminifera and sediment geochemistry. Five zones with characteristic foraminiferal assemblages were identified, each reflecting the environmental conditions for the respective period. The largest changes occurred around 1950, when the foraminiferal assemblage shifted from a low diversity fauna dominated by the species Stainforthia fusiformis to higher diversity and abundance and dominance of the Elphidium species. Concurrently, the grain-size distribution shifted from clayey to sandier sediment. To explore the causes of the environmental changes, we used time series of reconstructed wind conditions coupled with large-scale climate variations as recorded by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index as well as the ECOSMO II model of currents in the Öresund area. The results indicate increased changes in the water circulation towards stronger currents in the area after the 1950s. The foraminiferal fauna responded quickly (<10 years) to the environmental changes. Notably, when the wind conditions, and thereby the current system, returned in the 1980s to the previous pattern, the foraminiferal assemblage did not rebound. Instead, the foraminiferal faunas displayed a new equilibrium state. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Hereon Publications (Helmholtz-Zentrum) Biogeosciences 16 19 3835 3852 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Hereon Publications (Helmholtz-Zentrum) |
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fthzgzmk |
language |
English |
description |
The Öresund (the Sound), which is a part of the Danish straits, is linking the marine North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. It is a transition zone where ecosystems are subjected to large gradients in terms of salinity, temperature, carbonate chemistry, and dissolved oxygen concentration. In addition to the highly variable environmental conditions, the area is responding to anthropogenic disturbances in, e.g., nutrient loading, temperature, and pH. We have reconstructed environmental changes in the Öresund during the last ca. 200 years, and especially dissolved oxygen concentration, salinity, organic matter content, and pollution levels, using benthic foraminifera and sediment geochemistry. Five zones with characteristic foraminiferal assemblages were identified, each reflecting the environmental conditions for the respective period. The largest changes occurred around 1950, when the foraminiferal assemblage shifted from a low diversity fauna dominated by the species Stainforthia fusiformis to higher diversity and abundance and dominance of the Elphidium species. Concurrently, the grain-size distribution shifted from clayey to sandier sediment. To explore the causes of the environmental changes, we used time series of reconstructed wind conditions coupled with large-scale climate variations as recorded by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index as well as the ECOSMO II model of currents in the Öresund area. The results indicate increased changes in the water circulation towards stronger currents in the area after the 1950s. The foraminiferal fauna responded quickly (<10 years) to the environmental changes. Notably, when the wind conditions, and thereby the current system, returned in the 1980s to the previous pattern, the foraminiferal assemblage did not rebound. Instead, the foraminiferal faunas displayed a new equilibrium state. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Charrieau, L. Ljung, K. Schenk, F. Daewel, U. Kritzberg, E. Filipsson, H. |
spellingShingle |
Charrieau, L. Ljung, K. Schenk, F. Daewel, U. Kritzberg, E. Filipsson, H. Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance |
author_facet |
Charrieau, L. Ljung, K. Schenk, F. Daewel, U. Kritzberg, E. Filipsson, H. |
author_sort |
Charrieau, L. |
title |
Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance |
title_short |
Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance |
title_full |
Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance |
title_fullStr |
Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance |
title_sort |
rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the baltic sea entrance |
publisher |
EGU - Copernicus Publication |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://publications.hereon.de/id/38655 https://publications.hzg.de/id/38655 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019 |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
issn:1726-4170 Charrieau, L.; Ljung, K.; Schenk, F.; Daewel, U.; Kritzberg, E.; Filipsson, H.: Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance. In: Biogeosciences. Vol. 16 (2019) 19, 3835 - 3852. (DOI: /10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019) |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019 urn:issn:1726-4170 https://publications.hereon.de/id/38655 https://publications.hzg.de/id/38655 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess open_access oa_gold |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
19 |
container_start_page |
3835 |
op_container_end_page |
3852 |
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1768371356141879296 |