The North Sea - A shelf sea in the Anthropocene
Global and regional change clearly affects the structure and functioning of ecosystems in shelf seas. However, complex interactions within the shelf seas hinder the identification and unambiguous attribution of observed changes to drivers. These include variability in the climate system, in ocean dy...
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fthzgzmk:oai:publications.hereon.de:38635 2023-06-11T04:14:36+02:00 The North Sea - A shelf sea in the Anthropocene Emeis, K. van Beusekom, J. Callies, U. Ebinghaus, R. Kannen, A. Kraus, G. Kröncke, I. Lenhatz, H. Lorkoswski, I. Matthias, V. Möllmann, H. Pätsch, J. Scharfe, M. Thomas, H. Weisse, R. Zorita, E. 2015 https://publications.hereon.de/id/38635 https://publications.hzg.de/id/38635 en eng Elsevier https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.03.012 urn:issn:0924-7963 https://publications.hereon.de/id/38635 https://publications.hzg.de/id/38635 info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess issn:0924-7963 Emeis, K.; van Beusekom, J.; Callies, U.; Ebinghaus, R.; Kannen, A.; Kraus, G.; Kröncke, I.; Lenhatz, H.; Lorkoswski, I.; Matthias, V.; Möllmann, H.; Pätsch, J.; Scharfe, M.; Thomas, H.; Weisse, R.; Zorita, E.: The North Sea - A shelf sea in the Anthropocene. In: Journal of Marine Systems. Vol. 141 (2015) 18 - 33. (DOI: /10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.03.012) info:eu-repo/semantics/article Zeitschrift Artikel 2015 fthzgzmk https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.03.012 2023-05-28T23:25:00Z Global and regional change clearly affects the structure and functioning of ecosystems in shelf seas. However, complex interactions within the shelf seas hinder the identification and unambiguous attribution of observed changes to drivers. These include variability in the climate system, in ocean dynamics, in biogeochemistry, and in shelf sea resource exploitation in the widest sense by societies. Observational time series are commonly too short, and resolution, integration time, and complexity of models are often insufficient to unravel natural variability from anthropogenic perturbation. The North Sea is a shelf sea of the North Atlantic and is impacted by virtually all global and regional developments. Natural variability (from interannual to multidecadal time scales) as response to forcing in the North Atlantic is overlain by global trends (sea level, temperature, acidification) and alternating phases of direct human impacts and attempts to remedy those. Human intervention started some 1000 years ago (diking and associated loss of wetlands), expanded to near-coastal parts in the industrial revolution of the mid-19th century (river management, waste disposal in rivers), and greatly accelerated in the mid-1950s (eutrophication, pollution, fisheries). The North Sea is now a heavily regulated shelf sea, yet societal goals (good environmental status versus increased uses), demands for benefits and policies diverge increasingly. Likely, the southern North Sea will be re-zoned as riparian countries dedicate increasing sea space for offshore wind energy generation — with uncertain consequences for the system\'s environmental status. We review available observational and model data (predominantly from the southeastern North Sea region) to identify and describe effects of natural variability, of secular changes, and of human impacts on the North Sea ecosystem, and outline developments in the next decades in response to environmental legislation, and in response to increased use of shelf sea space. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Hereon Publications (Helmholtz-Zentrum) Journal of Marine Systems 141 18 33 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Hereon Publications (Helmholtz-Zentrum) |
op_collection_id |
fthzgzmk |
language |
English |
description |
Global and regional change clearly affects the structure and functioning of ecosystems in shelf seas. However, complex interactions within the shelf seas hinder the identification and unambiguous attribution of observed changes to drivers. These include variability in the climate system, in ocean dynamics, in biogeochemistry, and in shelf sea resource exploitation in the widest sense by societies. Observational time series are commonly too short, and resolution, integration time, and complexity of models are often insufficient to unravel natural variability from anthropogenic perturbation. The North Sea is a shelf sea of the North Atlantic and is impacted by virtually all global and regional developments. Natural variability (from interannual to multidecadal time scales) as response to forcing in the North Atlantic is overlain by global trends (sea level, temperature, acidification) and alternating phases of direct human impacts and attempts to remedy those. Human intervention started some 1000 years ago (diking and associated loss of wetlands), expanded to near-coastal parts in the industrial revolution of the mid-19th century (river management, waste disposal in rivers), and greatly accelerated in the mid-1950s (eutrophication, pollution, fisheries). The North Sea is now a heavily regulated shelf sea, yet societal goals (good environmental status versus increased uses), demands for benefits and policies diverge increasingly. Likely, the southern North Sea will be re-zoned as riparian countries dedicate increasing sea space for offshore wind energy generation — with uncertain consequences for the system\'s environmental status. We review available observational and model data (predominantly from the southeastern North Sea region) to identify and describe effects of natural variability, of secular changes, and of human impacts on the North Sea ecosystem, and outline developments in the next decades in response to environmental legislation, and in response to increased use of shelf sea space. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Emeis, K. van Beusekom, J. Callies, U. Ebinghaus, R. Kannen, A. Kraus, G. Kröncke, I. Lenhatz, H. Lorkoswski, I. Matthias, V. Möllmann, H. Pätsch, J. Scharfe, M. Thomas, H. Weisse, R. Zorita, E. |
spellingShingle |
Emeis, K. van Beusekom, J. Callies, U. Ebinghaus, R. Kannen, A. Kraus, G. Kröncke, I. Lenhatz, H. Lorkoswski, I. Matthias, V. Möllmann, H. Pätsch, J. Scharfe, M. Thomas, H. Weisse, R. Zorita, E. The North Sea - A shelf sea in the Anthropocene |
author_facet |
Emeis, K. van Beusekom, J. Callies, U. Ebinghaus, R. Kannen, A. Kraus, G. Kröncke, I. Lenhatz, H. Lorkoswski, I. Matthias, V. Möllmann, H. Pätsch, J. Scharfe, M. Thomas, H. Weisse, R. Zorita, E. |
author_sort |
Emeis, K. |
title |
The North Sea - A shelf sea in the Anthropocene |
title_short |
The North Sea - A shelf sea in the Anthropocene |
title_full |
The North Sea - A shelf sea in the Anthropocene |
title_fullStr |
The North Sea - A shelf sea in the Anthropocene |
title_full_unstemmed |
The North Sea - A shelf sea in the Anthropocene |
title_sort |
north sea - a shelf sea in the anthropocene |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://publications.hereon.de/id/38635 https://publications.hzg.de/id/38635 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
issn:0924-7963 Emeis, K.; van Beusekom, J.; Callies, U.; Ebinghaus, R.; Kannen, A.; Kraus, G.; Kröncke, I.; Lenhatz, H.; Lorkoswski, I.; Matthias, V.; Möllmann, H.; Pätsch, J.; Scharfe, M.; Thomas, H.; Weisse, R.; Zorita, E.: The North Sea - A shelf sea in the Anthropocene. In: Journal of Marine Systems. Vol. 141 (2015) 18 - 33. (DOI: /10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.03.012) |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.03.012 urn:issn:0924-7963 https://publications.hereon.de/id/38635 https://publications.hzg.de/id/38635 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.03.012 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Systems |
container_volume |
141 |
container_start_page |
18 |
op_container_end_page |
33 |
_version_ |
1768392710692012032 |