Effects of large carnivores, hunter harvest, and weather on the mortality of moose calves in a partially migratory population
Survival of juvenile ungulates represents an important demographic parameter that influences population dynamics within ecosystems. In many ecological systems, the mortality of juvenile ungulates is influenced by various factors, including predation by large carnivores, human hunting activities and...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3121236 https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01179 |
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fthsinnlandet:oai:brage.inn.no:11250/3121236 2024-09-15T17:36:12+00:00 Effects of large carnivores, hunter harvest, and weather on the mortality of moose calves in a partially migratory population Ausilio, Giorgia Sand, Håkan Wikenros, Camilla Aronsson, Malin Milleret, Cyril Pierre Nordli, Kristoffer Wabakken, Petter Eriksen, Ane Persson, Jens Maartmann, Erling Mathisen, Karen Marie Zimmermann, Barbara 2023 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3121236 https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01179 eng eng Wildlife Biology. 2023, . urn:issn:0909-6396 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3121236 https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01179 cristin:2208414 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © 2023 The Authors. 14 Wildlife Biology e01179 Alces alces Canis lupus predation risk survival ungulate Ursus arctos VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 Peer reviewed Journal article 2023 fthsinnlandet https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01179 2024-08-06T09:21:45Z Survival of juvenile ungulates represents an important demographic parameter that influences population dynamics within ecosystems. In many ecological systems, the mortality of juvenile ungulates is influenced by various factors, including predation by large carnivores, human hunting activities and weather. While wolves Canis lupus are known to prey on moose Alces alces throughout all seasons, brown bears Ursus arctos primarily engage in predation during early summer, while human harvest primarily occurs in autumn and early winter. Hence, understanding the impacts of predation, harvest, and weather on the survival of juvenile moose is crucial for adaptive population management and the determination of sustainable harvest rates. To investigate the summer and autumn–winter survival of moose calves in relation to carnivore occurrence (wolf presence and bear density), summer habitat productivity, winter severity, human harvest, and migratory behaviour (migratory versus resident), we analysed data collected from 39 GPS-collared female moose in south-central Scandinavia. Our findings revealed significant interannual variation in summer survival rates, with areas with relatively higher bear densities exhibiting calf mortality rates twice as high as those in regions with low bear density. During the autumn–winter period, calf survival was lowest in the presence of wolves and deep snow, and it exhibited a negative correlation with the proportion of clearcuts and young forests within the mother's home range. Additionally, calf survival was negatively correlated with the risk of human hunting, and calves of stationary females displayed ten times higher survival rates compared to migratory individuals. Our study provides valuable insights into the survival of moose calves coexisting with two large carnivores and humans. Improving our understanding of the mechanisms causing calf survival to fluctuate has become increasingly important as many local moose populations in Scandinavia are declining and exposed to expanding ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Alces alces Canis lupus Ursus arctos Høgskolen i Innlandet: Brage INN Wildlife Biology |
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Open Polar |
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Høgskolen i Innlandet: Brage INN |
op_collection_id |
fthsinnlandet |
language |
English |
topic |
Alces alces Canis lupus predation risk survival ungulate Ursus arctos VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 |
spellingShingle |
Alces alces Canis lupus predation risk survival ungulate Ursus arctos VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 Ausilio, Giorgia Sand, Håkan Wikenros, Camilla Aronsson, Malin Milleret, Cyril Pierre Nordli, Kristoffer Wabakken, Petter Eriksen, Ane Persson, Jens Maartmann, Erling Mathisen, Karen Marie Zimmermann, Barbara Effects of large carnivores, hunter harvest, and weather on the mortality of moose calves in a partially migratory population |
topic_facet |
Alces alces Canis lupus predation risk survival ungulate Ursus arctos VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 |
description |
Survival of juvenile ungulates represents an important demographic parameter that influences population dynamics within ecosystems. In many ecological systems, the mortality of juvenile ungulates is influenced by various factors, including predation by large carnivores, human hunting activities and weather. While wolves Canis lupus are known to prey on moose Alces alces throughout all seasons, brown bears Ursus arctos primarily engage in predation during early summer, while human harvest primarily occurs in autumn and early winter. Hence, understanding the impacts of predation, harvest, and weather on the survival of juvenile moose is crucial for adaptive population management and the determination of sustainable harvest rates. To investigate the summer and autumn–winter survival of moose calves in relation to carnivore occurrence (wolf presence and bear density), summer habitat productivity, winter severity, human harvest, and migratory behaviour (migratory versus resident), we analysed data collected from 39 GPS-collared female moose in south-central Scandinavia. Our findings revealed significant interannual variation in summer survival rates, with areas with relatively higher bear densities exhibiting calf mortality rates twice as high as those in regions with low bear density. During the autumn–winter period, calf survival was lowest in the presence of wolves and deep snow, and it exhibited a negative correlation with the proportion of clearcuts and young forests within the mother's home range. Additionally, calf survival was negatively correlated with the risk of human hunting, and calves of stationary females displayed ten times higher survival rates compared to migratory individuals. Our study provides valuable insights into the survival of moose calves coexisting with two large carnivores and humans. Improving our understanding of the mechanisms causing calf survival to fluctuate has become increasingly important as many local moose populations in Scandinavia are declining and exposed to expanding ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ausilio, Giorgia Sand, Håkan Wikenros, Camilla Aronsson, Malin Milleret, Cyril Pierre Nordli, Kristoffer Wabakken, Petter Eriksen, Ane Persson, Jens Maartmann, Erling Mathisen, Karen Marie Zimmermann, Barbara |
author_facet |
Ausilio, Giorgia Sand, Håkan Wikenros, Camilla Aronsson, Malin Milleret, Cyril Pierre Nordli, Kristoffer Wabakken, Petter Eriksen, Ane Persson, Jens Maartmann, Erling Mathisen, Karen Marie Zimmermann, Barbara |
author_sort |
Ausilio, Giorgia |
title |
Effects of large carnivores, hunter harvest, and weather on the mortality of moose calves in a partially migratory population |
title_short |
Effects of large carnivores, hunter harvest, and weather on the mortality of moose calves in a partially migratory population |
title_full |
Effects of large carnivores, hunter harvest, and weather on the mortality of moose calves in a partially migratory population |
title_fullStr |
Effects of large carnivores, hunter harvest, and weather on the mortality of moose calves in a partially migratory population |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of large carnivores, hunter harvest, and weather on the mortality of moose calves in a partially migratory population |
title_sort |
effects of large carnivores, hunter harvest, and weather on the mortality of moose calves in a partially migratory population |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3121236 https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01179 |
genre |
Alces alces Canis lupus Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Alces alces Canis lupus Ursus arctos |
op_source |
14 Wildlife Biology e01179 |
op_relation |
Wildlife Biology. 2023, . urn:issn:0909-6396 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3121236 https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01179 cristin:2208414 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © 2023 The Authors. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01179 |
container_title |
Wildlife Biology |
_version_ |
1810487915720998912 |