High concentrations of lead (Pb) in blood and milk of free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Scandinavia
Exposure to lead (Pb) is a global health problem for both humans and wildlife. Despite a dramatic decline in human Pb exposure following restrictions of leaded gasoline and industry and thereby an overall reduction of Pb entering the environment, Pb exposure continues to be a problem for wildlife sp...
Published in: | Environmental Pollution |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2831407 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117595 |
id |
fthsinnlandet:oai:brage.inn.no:11250/2831407 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
fthsinnlandet:oai:brage.inn.no:11250/2831407 2024-03-03T08:49:18+00:00 High concentrations of lead (Pb) in blood and milk of free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Scandinavia Fuchs, Boris Thiel, Alexandra Zedrosser, Andreas Brown, Ludovick Hydeskov, Helle Bernstorf Rodushkin, Ilia Evans, Alina Boesen, Amanda Høyer Græsli, Anne Randi Kindberg, Jonas Arnemo, Jon Martin 2021 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2831407 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117595 eng eng Andre: Norwegian Environment Agency Norges forskningsråd: xxxxxx Andre: Swedish Environmental Protection Agencies Environmental Pollution (1987). 2021, 287 . urn:issn:0269-7491 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2831407 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117595 cristin:1916642 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no 0 287 Environmental Pollution (1987) VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 Peer reviewed Journal article 2021 fthsinnlandet https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117595 2024-02-02T12:42:33Z Exposure to lead (Pb) is a global health problem for both humans and wildlife. Despite a dramatic decline in human Pb exposure following restrictions of leaded gasoline and industry and thereby an overall reduction of Pb entering the environment, Pb exposure continues to be a problem for wildlife species. Literature on scavenging terrestrial mammals, including interactions between Pb exposure and life history, is however limited. We quantified Pb concentration in 153 blood samples from 110 free-ranging Scandinavian brown bears (Ursus arctos), 1–25 years old, using inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry. We used generalized linear models to test effects of age, body mass, reproduction status and spatial distribution on the blood Pb concentrations of 56 female bears. We sampled 28 females together with 56 dependent cubs and paired their blood Pb concentrations. From 20 lactating females, we measured the Pb concentration in milk. The mean blood Pb concentration was 96.6 μg/L (range: 38.7–220.5 μg/L). Both the mean and range are well above established threshold concentrations for developmental neurotoxicity (12 μg/L), increased systolic blood pressure (36 μg/L) and prevalence of kidney disease in humans (15 μg/L). Lactating females had higher Pb blood concentrations compared to younger, non-lactating females. Blood Pb concentrations of dependent cubs were correlated with their mother's blood Pb concentration, which in turn was correlated with the Pb concentration in the milk. Life-long Pb exposure in Scandinavian brown bears may have adverse effects both on individual and population levels. The high blood Pb concentrations found in brown bears contrast the general reduction in environmental Pb contamination over the past decades in Scandinavia and more research is needed to identify the sources and pathways of Pb exposure in the brown bears. acceptedVersion publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Ursus arctos Høgskolen i Innlandet: Brage INN Environmental Pollution 287 117595 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Høgskolen i Innlandet: Brage INN |
op_collection_id |
fthsinnlandet |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 Fuchs, Boris Thiel, Alexandra Zedrosser, Andreas Brown, Ludovick Hydeskov, Helle Bernstorf Rodushkin, Ilia Evans, Alina Boesen, Amanda Høyer Græsli, Anne Randi Kindberg, Jonas Arnemo, Jon Martin High concentrations of lead (Pb) in blood and milk of free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Scandinavia |
topic_facet |
VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 |
description |
Exposure to lead (Pb) is a global health problem for both humans and wildlife. Despite a dramatic decline in human Pb exposure following restrictions of leaded gasoline and industry and thereby an overall reduction of Pb entering the environment, Pb exposure continues to be a problem for wildlife species. Literature on scavenging terrestrial mammals, including interactions between Pb exposure and life history, is however limited. We quantified Pb concentration in 153 blood samples from 110 free-ranging Scandinavian brown bears (Ursus arctos), 1–25 years old, using inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry. We used generalized linear models to test effects of age, body mass, reproduction status and spatial distribution on the blood Pb concentrations of 56 female bears. We sampled 28 females together with 56 dependent cubs and paired their blood Pb concentrations. From 20 lactating females, we measured the Pb concentration in milk. The mean blood Pb concentration was 96.6 μg/L (range: 38.7–220.5 μg/L). Both the mean and range are well above established threshold concentrations for developmental neurotoxicity (12 μg/L), increased systolic blood pressure (36 μg/L) and prevalence of kidney disease in humans (15 μg/L). Lactating females had higher Pb blood concentrations compared to younger, non-lactating females. Blood Pb concentrations of dependent cubs were correlated with their mother's blood Pb concentration, which in turn was correlated with the Pb concentration in the milk. Life-long Pb exposure in Scandinavian brown bears may have adverse effects both on individual and population levels. The high blood Pb concentrations found in brown bears contrast the general reduction in environmental Pb contamination over the past decades in Scandinavia and more research is needed to identify the sources and pathways of Pb exposure in the brown bears. acceptedVersion publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fuchs, Boris Thiel, Alexandra Zedrosser, Andreas Brown, Ludovick Hydeskov, Helle Bernstorf Rodushkin, Ilia Evans, Alina Boesen, Amanda Høyer Græsli, Anne Randi Kindberg, Jonas Arnemo, Jon Martin |
author_facet |
Fuchs, Boris Thiel, Alexandra Zedrosser, Andreas Brown, Ludovick Hydeskov, Helle Bernstorf Rodushkin, Ilia Evans, Alina Boesen, Amanda Høyer Græsli, Anne Randi Kindberg, Jonas Arnemo, Jon Martin |
author_sort |
Fuchs, Boris |
title |
High concentrations of lead (Pb) in blood and milk of free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Scandinavia |
title_short |
High concentrations of lead (Pb) in blood and milk of free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Scandinavia |
title_full |
High concentrations of lead (Pb) in blood and milk of free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Scandinavia |
title_fullStr |
High concentrations of lead (Pb) in blood and milk of free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Scandinavia |
title_full_unstemmed |
High concentrations of lead (Pb) in blood and milk of free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Scandinavia |
title_sort |
high concentrations of lead (pb) in blood and milk of free-ranging brown bears (ursus arctos) in scandinavia |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2831407 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117595 |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_source |
0 287 Environmental Pollution (1987) |
op_relation |
Andre: Norwegian Environment Agency Norges forskningsråd: xxxxxx Andre: Swedish Environmental Protection Agencies Environmental Pollution (1987). 2021, 287 . urn:issn:0269-7491 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2831407 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117595 cristin:1916642 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117595 |
container_title |
Environmental Pollution |
container_volume |
287 |
container_start_page |
117595 |
_version_ |
1792506487147331584 |