Contrasting responses of two passerine bird species to moose browsing

• Published in: European Journal of Wildlife Research
• Main Authors: Mathisen, Karen Marie, Pedersen, Simen, Nilsen, Erlend Birkeland, Skarpe, Christina
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Springer 2012
• Subjects: herbivory; cascading effects; boreal forest; Alces alces; Parus major; Ficedula hypoleuca; VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480; Parus
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/11250/134470; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10344-011-0601-3

This is the postprint version of the article. The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com Large herbivores may modify the ecosystem in a way that affects habitat quality and resource availability for other fauna. The increase in wild ungulate abundance in many areas may therefore lead to ecosystem changes, affecting distribution and reproduction of other species. Moose (Alces alces) in Scandinavia is a good example of a herbivore that has recently increased in abundance, and has the potential to affect the ecosystem. In this study we investigated how different levels of moose winter activity around supplementary feeding stations for moose affect reproduction in two insectivorous passerines: great tits (Parus major) and pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca). The two bird species showed contrasting responses to high moose activity at feeding stations. Great tits avoided habitats with high moose activity, where fledging success and feeding frequency was lower than at low moose activity habitats. Flycatchers nested more often at high moose activity habitats where fledging weight and feeding frequency were higher than at low moose activity habitats. Filming of nest boxes with great tits showed an increase in adult Lepidoptera in the diet at supplementary feeding stations for moose, and a smaller size of caterpillar prey at intermediate moose activity. The results support the hypothesis that herbivores may affect insectivorous passerines through changed arthropod food availability.