Poljoprivredno zadrugarstvo u Hrvatskoj: razvoj i temeljni problemi

Autor analizira razvoj poljoprivrednog zadrugarstva u Hrvatskoj u sto četrdeset godišnjem kontinuitetu, od osnivanja prve zadruge u Korčuli 1864. godine. Na osnovi bogate povijesne građe može se sagledati društvene i gospodarske prilike u hrvatskim selima u pojedinim povijesnim razdobljima, ali i zn...

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Main Author: Mataga, Željko; Hrvatski poljoprivredni združni savez, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Format: Text
Language:Croatian
Published: Institute for social research in Zagreb 2009
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hrcak.srce.hr/31972
http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/50831
id fthrcak:oai:hrcak.srce.hr:31972
record_format openpolar
institution Open Polar
collection Hrčak - Portal of scientific journals of Croatia
op_collection_id fthrcak
language Croatian
topic zadruga
zadrugarstvo
seljačko poljoprivredno gospodarstvo
kooperacija
zadružno zakonodavstvo
zadružna strategija
coopérative
coopératisme
exploitation agricole
coopération
législation o concernant les coopératives
stratégie des coopératives
co-operative
co-operative movement
family farming holding
co-operation
co-operative legislation
co-operative strategy
spellingShingle zadruga
zadrugarstvo
seljačko poljoprivredno gospodarstvo
kooperacija
zadružno zakonodavstvo
zadružna strategija
coopérative
coopératisme
exploitation agricole
coopération
législation o concernant les coopératives
stratégie des coopératives
co-operative
co-operative movement
family farming holding
co-operation
co-operative legislation
co-operative strategy
Mataga, Željko; Hrvatski poljoprivredni združni savez, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Poljoprivredno zadrugarstvo u Hrvatskoj: razvoj i temeljni problemi
topic_facet zadruga
zadrugarstvo
seljačko poljoprivredno gospodarstvo
kooperacija
zadružno zakonodavstvo
zadružna strategija
coopérative
coopératisme
exploitation agricole
coopération
législation o concernant les coopératives
stratégie des coopératives
co-operative
co-operative movement
family farming holding
co-operation
co-operative legislation
co-operative strategy
description Autor analizira razvoj poljoprivrednog zadrugarstva u Hrvatskoj u sto četrdeset godišnjem kontinuitetu, od osnivanja prve zadruge u Korčuli 1864. godine. Na osnovi bogate povijesne građe može se sagledati društvene i gospodarske prilike u hrvatskim selima u pojedinim povijesnim razdobljima, ali i značaj odnosno ulogu zadruga u razvoju poljoprivrede, te u razvoju ruralnog prostora u širem smislu. Počevši od pojave i razvoja prvih zadruga kao izraza samoorganiziranja nakon prodora kapitalizma koji je prouzročio koncentraciju kapitala i stvaranje moćnih trgovačkih i bankarskih institucija na jednoj, te stalno sirornašenje, zaduživanje i proletarizaciju seljaka poslije ukidanja krnetsrva, na drugoj strani. Hrvatski seljaci sami stvaraju zadrugu kao sredstvo zaštite vlastitih interesa te opstanka i razvoja gospodarstva -kako bi osigurali financijski kapital nužan za otkup posjeda i poslovanje u robno-novčanoj privredi, osnivaju štedno-kreditne zadruge, kako bi izbjegli trgovačke visoke marže i profite, utemeljuju nabavno-prodajne zadruge, te kako bi izbjegli ucjenjivanje vlasnika prehrambene industrije niskim cijenama agrarnih sirovina, stvaraju proizvodne i prerađivačke poljoprivredne zadruge. Stanje u zadrugarstvu i zadružnom pokretu li Hrvatskoj prikazano je u četiri povijesna razdoblja: do početka Prvoga svjetskog rata, između dvaju svjetskih ratova, nakon Drugoga svjetskog rata do 1990. godine, te napokon od 1990. do 2004. Iako je u svima tim povijesnim razdobljima zadrugarstvo imalo svoje uspone i padove, 1945. ono gubi izvorna načela i sadržaje. Od slobodnog i dobrovoljnog udruženja, čiji je temeljni cilj unaprjeđenje i razvitak seljačkih gospodarstava učlanjen ih u za druge, zadruga se pretvara u instituciju državnoga, potom društvenog vlasništva, instrument nasilne proletarizacije seljaka, kojoj je osnovna svrha "podruštvljavanje" poljoprivredne proizvodnje na seljačkim gospodarstvima. Budući da tranzicijski proces u zadrugama i nakon osamostaljenja Hrvatske nije proveden, autor analizira aktualno stanje u hrvatskome poljoprivrednom zadrugarstvu te predlaže glavne strategijske odrednice budućeg razvoja poljoprivrednih zadruga. Odrednice slijede potvrđene prednosti seljačkih obiteljskih gospodarstava kao glavnih nositelja poljoprivredne proizvodnje te načela zadrugarstva kao što su uzajamnost, sloboda djelovanja, pravedna raspodjela što se uspješno ugrađuju u određene oblike poduzetničkih aktivnosti. L'auteur analyse le développement du coopératismne agricole en Croatie au cours de sa continuité de 140 ans, depuis la constitution de la prermiére coopérative à Korcula en 1864. Sur la base de riches matériaux historiques, il est possible de comprendre les circonstances sociales et économiques dans les villages croates à certaines époques de l'histoire, ainsi que le rôle et l'importance des coopératives dans le développement de l'agriculture, mais aussi dans le développement de l'espace rural dans un sens plus large. En cornrnencant par l'appantion et le développement des prerniéres coopératives en tant qu'expression de l'auto-organisation aprés la percée du capitalisme qui a provoqué la concentration des capitaux et la création de puissantes institutions commerciales et bancaires, d'une part, et l'appauvrissement continuel, l'endettement et la prolétarisation des paysans aprés l'abolition du servage, d'autre part. Les paysans croates constituent eux-mémes la coopérative en tant que moyen de protéger leurs propres intérêts, d'existence et de développement des exploitations agricoles: afin d'assurer le capital financier nécessaire à l'achat de l'exploitation et pour traiter des affaires dans l'économie monétaire et de marchandises, ils fondent des coopératives d'épargne et de crédit; et pour éviter les marges commerciales et les profits éléves, ils instaurent des coopératives d'achat et de vente; puis pour éviter la pression morale des propriétaires de l'industrie alimentaire en vue d'obtenir des prix bas des matières premières agricoles, les paysans forment leurs coopératives agricoles de production et de transformation. L'état des choses dans le coopératisme et dans le mouvement coopératif en Croatie est pràsenté à quatre époques de I'histoire: jusqu'au début de la Premiere Guerre mondiale, entre les deux Guerres mondiales, après la Seconde Guerre mondiale jusqu'en 1990, et, en particulier, de 1990 à 2004. Bien qu'à toutes ces époques de l'histoire le coopératisme ait eu des hauts et des bas, en 1945 il perd ses principes d'origine et ses activites, D'une association libre et de plein gré dont l'objectif de base était de promouvoir et de développer les exploitations agricoles membres d'une coopérative, la coopérative se transforme en une institution d'État, puis en une propriété sociale, en un instrument de la prolétarisation forcée des paysans dont l'objectif principal était la socialisation de la production agricole des exploitations agricoles. Étant donné que le processus de transition dans les coopératives n'a pas été réalisé ni après I'indépendance de la Croatie, l'auteur analyse l'état des choses actuel dans le coopératisme agricole croate, et il pro lO pose les principaux points d'orientation stratégiques du futur développement des coopératives QI agricoles. Ces points d'orientation suivent les avantages confirmés des exploitations agricoles familiales en tant que principaux représentants de la production agricole, et les principes du coo-pératisme tels que la réciprocité, la llberté d'action, la répartition équitable, lesquels s'introduisent avec succès dans les formes concrètes des activités des entrepreneurs. The author analyses the development of agricultural co-operatives in Croatia during an uninterrupted period of hundred and forty years, starting with the founding of the first co-operative in Korčula in 1864. Economical and social conditions in Croatian villages, during specific historical periods, as well as the impact and the role of co-operatives in agricultural development, and the development of the rural areas per se may be examined based on rich historical materials. Starting with the creation and the development of the first co-operatives as an expression of self organization following the appearance of capitalism which induced a concentration of capital and the establishment of powerful trade and bank institutions on one side and the constant impoverishment, indebtedness, and proletarisation of the farmers, after the abolition of serfdom on the other side. The Croatian peasants start co-operatives on their own as a mean of protection of their interests, the survival and the development of their holdings: in order to ensure the financial capital necessary for the purchase of holdings and the transactions in the merchant-monetary economy they establish mutual credit and saving co-operatives, and in order to evade high trade margins and profits, they create purchasing and consumer co-operatives. In order to avoid the blackmail of the food industry owners and their low prices for the agricultural raw goods, they form manufacturing and processing agricultural co-operatives. The situation in the co-operative movement in Croatia is demonstrated through four historical periods: up to the beginning of the First World War, in between the two World Wars, after the second World War to 1990, and from 1990. to 2004. Although during all of these historical periods co-operatives went through rises and falls, in 1945 they lost their original principles and content. The co-operative transforms from free and voluntary co-operation, based on the improvement and the development of farming estates united in a co-operatives, first to a state and later to a social institution, acting as an instrument for coerced proletarisation of the farmers, having as its main purpose "the socialization« of the agricultural production in the farming holdings. Since the transitional process in co-operatives has not been undertaken even after the independence of Croatia, the author is analyzing the current state of the Croatian agricultural co-operatives, and is proposing the main strategic guidelines for the future development of the agricultural co-operatives. The guidelines are based on the well known advantages of the family farming holdings as main actors in the agricultural production and the principles of co-operation such as reciprocity, freedom of action, fair distribution that are successfully integrated in concrete forms of entrepreneurial activities.
format Text
author Mataga, Željko; Hrvatski poljoprivredni združni savez, Zagreb, Hrvatska
author_facet Mataga, Željko; Hrvatski poljoprivredni združni savez, Zagreb, Hrvatska
author_sort Mataga, Željko; Hrvatski poljoprivredni združni savez, Zagreb, Hrvatska
title Poljoprivredno zadrugarstvo u Hrvatskoj: razvoj i temeljni problemi
title_short Poljoprivredno zadrugarstvo u Hrvatskoj: razvoj i temeljni problemi
title_full Poljoprivredno zadrugarstvo u Hrvatskoj: razvoj i temeljni problemi
title_fullStr Poljoprivredno zadrugarstvo u Hrvatskoj: razvoj i temeljni problemi
title_full_unstemmed Poljoprivredno zadrugarstvo u Hrvatskoj: razvoj i temeljni problemi
title_sort poljoprivredno zadrugarstvo u hrvatskoj: razvoj i temeljni problemi
publisher Institute for social research in Zagreb
publishDate 2009
url http://hrcak.srce.hr/31972
http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/50831
long_lat ENVELOPE(160.667,160.667,-70.167,-70.167)
ENVELOPE(19.216,19.216,69.928,69.928)
geographic Kooperacija
Rata
geographic_facet Kooperacija
Rata
genre sami
genre_facet sami
op_source Sociology and Space; Vol.43 No.1(167)
op_relation http://hrcak.srce.hr/31972
http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/50831
op_rights Submission of the manuscript give the Institute for Social Research in Zagreb exclusive right to publish, to copyright, and to allow or deny reproduction of it, in whole or in part. Integral texts of the journal SOCIOLOGY AND SPACE can be freely used for personal and educational purpose with full respect to the copyrights of authors and publisher. Annual subscription for Croatia is: 180 HRK for individuals, 250 HRK for institutions and firms (the price of one copy is 80 HRK, of a double issue 140 HRK). Annual subscription in other countires: US$ 25.00 for individuals, US$ 32.50 for institutions and firms (the price of one copy is US$ 8.15, of one copy of a double issue US$ 16.25). Annual subscription rates should be remitted, by check only, to Institut za društvena istraživanja u Zagrebu, Amruševa 11/II., 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Registered No.: 3205118, or to the bank account no. ZABA HR 2x 2400104260-3205118 (for SOCIOLOGIJA I PROSTOR). Air mail postage will be additionally charged.
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spelling fthrcak:oai:hrcak.srce.hr:31972 2023-05-15T18:14:23+02:00 Poljoprivredno zadrugarstvo u Hrvatskoj: razvoj i temeljni problemi Le coopératisme agricole en Croatie: développement et problèmes fondamentaux Agricultural Co-operative Movement in Croatia: Development and Core Issues Mataga, Željko; Hrvatski poljoprivredni združni savez, Zagreb, Hrvatska 2009-02-04 pdf http://hrcak.srce.hr/31972 http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/50831 hr hrv Institute for social research in Zagreb http://hrcak.srce.hr/31972 http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/50831 Submission of the manuscript give the Institute for Social Research in Zagreb exclusive right to publish, to copyright, and to allow or deny reproduction of it, in whole or in part. Integral texts of the journal SOCIOLOGY AND SPACE can be freely used for personal and educational purpose with full respect to the copyrights of authors and publisher. Annual subscription for Croatia is: 180 HRK for individuals, 250 HRK for institutions and firms (the price of one copy is 80 HRK, of a double issue 140 HRK). Annual subscription in other countires: US$ 25.00 for individuals, US$ 32.50 for institutions and firms (the price of one copy is US$ 8.15, of one copy of a double issue US$ 16.25). Annual subscription rates should be remitted, by check only, to Institut za društvena istraživanja u Zagrebu, Amruševa 11/II., 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Registered No.: 3205118, or to the bank account no. ZABA HR 2x 2400104260-3205118 (for SOCIOLOGIJA I PROSTOR). Air mail postage will be additionally charged. Sociology and Space; Vol.43 No.1(167) zadruga zadrugarstvo seljačko poljoprivredno gospodarstvo kooperacija zadružno zakonodavstvo zadružna strategija coopérative coopératisme exploitation agricole coopération législation o concernant les coopératives stratégie des coopératives co-operative co-operative movement family farming holding co-operation co-operative legislation co-operative strategy text 2009 fthrcak 2012-10-27T12:13:24Z Autor analizira razvoj poljoprivrednog zadrugarstva u Hrvatskoj u sto četrdeset godišnjem kontinuitetu, od osnivanja prve zadruge u Korčuli 1864. godine. Na osnovi bogate povijesne građe može se sagledati društvene i gospodarske prilike u hrvatskim selima u pojedinim povijesnim razdobljima, ali i značaj odnosno ulogu zadruga u razvoju poljoprivrede, te u razvoju ruralnog prostora u širem smislu. Počevši od pojave i razvoja prvih zadruga kao izraza samoorganiziranja nakon prodora kapitalizma koji je prouzročio koncentraciju kapitala i stvaranje moćnih trgovačkih i bankarskih institucija na jednoj, te stalno sirornašenje, zaduživanje i proletarizaciju seljaka poslije ukidanja krnetsrva, na drugoj strani. Hrvatski seljaci sami stvaraju zadrugu kao sredstvo zaštite vlastitih interesa te opstanka i razvoja gospodarstva -kako bi osigurali financijski kapital nužan za otkup posjeda i poslovanje u robno-novčanoj privredi, osnivaju štedno-kreditne zadruge, kako bi izbjegli trgovačke visoke marže i profite, utemeljuju nabavno-prodajne zadruge, te kako bi izbjegli ucjenjivanje vlasnika prehrambene industrije niskim cijenama agrarnih sirovina, stvaraju proizvodne i prerađivačke poljoprivredne zadruge. Stanje u zadrugarstvu i zadružnom pokretu li Hrvatskoj prikazano je u četiri povijesna razdoblja: do početka Prvoga svjetskog rata, između dvaju svjetskih ratova, nakon Drugoga svjetskog rata do 1990. godine, te napokon od 1990. do 2004. Iako je u svima tim povijesnim razdobljima zadrugarstvo imalo svoje uspone i padove, 1945. ono gubi izvorna načela i sadržaje. Od slobodnog i dobrovoljnog udruženja, čiji je temeljni cilj unaprjeđenje i razvitak seljačkih gospodarstava učlanjen ih u za druge, zadruga se pretvara u instituciju državnoga, potom društvenog vlasništva, instrument nasilne proletarizacije seljaka, kojoj je osnovna svrha "podruštvljavanje" poljoprivredne proizvodnje na seljačkim gospodarstvima. Budući da tranzicijski proces u zadrugama i nakon osamostaljenja Hrvatske nije proveden, autor analizira aktualno stanje u hrvatskome poljoprivrednom zadrugarstvu te predlaže glavne strategijske odrednice budućeg razvoja poljoprivrednih zadruga. Odrednice slijede potvrđene prednosti seljačkih obiteljskih gospodarstava kao glavnih nositelja poljoprivredne proizvodnje te načela zadrugarstva kao što su uzajamnost, sloboda djelovanja, pravedna raspodjela što se uspješno ugrađuju u određene oblike poduzetničkih aktivnosti. L'auteur analyse le développement du coopératismne agricole en Croatie au cours de sa continuité de 140 ans, depuis la constitution de la prermiére coopérative à Korcula en 1864. Sur la base de riches matériaux historiques, il est possible de comprendre les circonstances sociales et économiques dans les villages croates à certaines époques de l'histoire, ainsi que le rôle et l'importance des coopératives dans le développement de l'agriculture, mais aussi dans le développement de l'espace rural dans un sens plus large. En cornrnencant par l'appantion et le développement des prerniéres coopératives en tant qu'expression de l'auto-organisation aprés la percée du capitalisme qui a provoqué la concentration des capitaux et la création de puissantes institutions commerciales et bancaires, d'une part, et l'appauvrissement continuel, l'endettement et la prolétarisation des paysans aprés l'abolition du servage, d'autre part. Les paysans croates constituent eux-mémes la coopérative en tant que moyen de protéger leurs propres intérêts, d'existence et de développement des exploitations agricoles: afin d'assurer le capital financier nécessaire à l'achat de l'exploitation et pour traiter des affaires dans l'économie monétaire et de marchandises, ils fondent des coopératives d'épargne et de crédit; et pour éviter les marges commerciales et les profits éléves, ils instaurent des coopératives d'achat et de vente; puis pour éviter la pression morale des propriétaires de l'industrie alimentaire en vue d'obtenir des prix bas des matières premières agricoles, les paysans forment leurs coopératives agricoles de production et de transformation. L'état des choses dans le coopératisme et dans le mouvement coopératif en Croatie est pràsenté à quatre époques de I'histoire: jusqu'au début de la Premiere Guerre mondiale, entre les deux Guerres mondiales, après la Seconde Guerre mondiale jusqu'en 1990, et, en particulier, de 1990 à 2004. Bien qu'à toutes ces époques de l'histoire le coopératisme ait eu des hauts et des bas, en 1945 il perd ses principes d'origine et ses activites, D'une association libre et de plein gré dont l'objectif de base était de promouvoir et de développer les exploitations agricoles membres d'une coopérative, la coopérative se transforme en une institution d'État, puis en une propriété sociale, en un instrument de la prolétarisation forcée des paysans dont l'objectif principal était la socialisation de la production agricole des exploitations agricoles. Étant donné que le processus de transition dans les coopératives n'a pas été réalisé ni après I'indépendance de la Croatie, l'auteur analyse l'état des choses actuel dans le coopératisme agricole croate, et il pro lO pose les principaux points d'orientation stratégiques du futur développement des coopératives QI agricoles. Ces points d'orientation suivent les avantages confirmés des exploitations agricoles familiales en tant que principaux représentants de la production agricole, et les principes du coo-pératisme tels que la réciprocité, la llberté d'action, la répartition équitable, lesquels s'introduisent avec succès dans les formes concrètes des activités des entrepreneurs. The author analyses the development of agricultural co-operatives in Croatia during an uninterrupted period of hundred and forty years, starting with the founding of the first co-operative in Korčula in 1864. Economical and social conditions in Croatian villages, during specific historical periods, as well as the impact and the role of co-operatives in agricultural development, and the development of the rural areas per se may be examined based on rich historical materials. Starting with the creation and the development of the first co-operatives as an expression of self organization following the appearance of capitalism which induced a concentration of capital and the establishment of powerful trade and bank institutions on one side and the constant impoverishment, indebtedness, and proletarisation of the farmers, after the abolition of serfdom on the other side. The Croatian peasants start co-operatives on their own as a mean of protection of their interests, the survival and the development of their holdings: in order to ensure the financial capital necessary for the purchase of holdings and the transactions in the merchant-monetary economy they establish mutual credit and saving co-operatives, and in order to evade high trade margins and profits, they create purchasing and consumer co-operatives. In order to avoid the blackmail of the food industry owners and their low prices for the agricultural raw goods, they form manufacturing and processing agricultural co-operatives. The situation in the co-operative movement in Croatia is demonstrated through four historical periods: up to the beginning of the First World War, in between the two World Wars, after the second World War to 1990, and from 1990. to 2004. Although during all of these historical periods co-operatives went through rises and falls, in 1945 they lost their original principles and content. The co-operative transforms from free and voluntary co-operation, based on the improvement and the development of farming estates united in a co-operatives, first to a state and later to a social institution, acting as an instrument for coerced proletarisation of the farmers, having as its main purpose "the socialization« of the agricultural production in the farming holdings. Since the transitional process in co-operatives has not been undertaken even after the independence of Croatia, the author is analyzing the current state of the Croatian agricultural co-operatives, and is proposing the main strategic guidelines for the future development of the agricultural co-operatives. The guidelines are based on the well known advantages of the family farming holdings as main actors in the agricultural production and the principles of co-operation such as reciprocity, freedom of action, fair distribution that are successfully integrated in concrete forms of entrepreneurial activities. Text sami Hrčak - Portal of scientific journals of Croatia Kooperacija ENVELOPE(160.667,160.667,-70.167,-70.167) Rata ENVELOPE(19.216,19.216,69.928,69.928)