AGRESIVNO I PROSOCIJALNO PONAŠANJE DJECE U DJEČJIM DOMOVIMA

• Main Authors: Ajduković, Marina; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Law, Department of Social Work; [e-mail], Rajhvajn Bulat, Linda; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Law, Department of Social Work; [e-mail], Sladović Franz, Branka; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Law, Department of Social Work; [e-mail]
• Format: Text
• Language: Croatian
• Published: Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, Department of Social Work 2008
• Subjects: dječji domovi; prosocijalno ponašanje; agresivno ponašanje; children’s homes; pro-social behaviour; aggressive behaviour; sami
• Online Access: http://hrcak.srce.hr/29381; http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/46182

Longitudinalno praćenje djece koja odrastaju u dječjim domovima, koje se odvija kao sastavni dio projekta »Mogućnosti unapređenja skrbi za djecu u dječjim domovima i udomiteljskim obiteljima«, prošireno je ispitivanjem međusobnih odnosa djece u domu. U tu svrhu konstruiran je upitnik koji ima dobra psihometrijska obilježja, a njegovom faktorskom analizom ekstrahirana su tri faktora: agresivnost među djecom, međusobna podrška djece i seksualno uznemiravanje među djecom. U istraživanju su sudjelovala djeca oba spola u dobi od 10 do 19 godina (N =229). Djeca i mladi podjednako često iskazuju nazočnost prosocijalnog i podržavajućeg ponašanja, kao i uzajamnog agresivnog ponašanja. Djeca koja percipiraju veću razinu agresivnosti u domu dobivaju manje socijalne podrške, doživljavaju veći svakodnevni stres, imaju lošiju sliku o sebi te imaju više psihičkih poteškoća, a i sami se socijalno nepoželjnije ponašaju. U interpretaciji podataka sudjelovali su i odgajatelji i djeca u fokusnim grupama, u kojima su iskazali da je podržavajuće ponašanje među djecom rijetko, dok je agresivno ponašanje često. Za unapređivanje situacije odgajatelji predlažu obiteljski tip života i povoljniji omjer zaposlenih i djece, a djeca predlažu bolji društveni život i sportske aktivnosti. U zaključku se naglašava nužnost osiguravanja života bez vršnjačkog nasilja djeci u domovima te se predlaže dodatna izobrazba odgajatelja za djelotvorno suočavanje s vršnjačkim nasiljem, razvoj prosocijalnog ponašanja djece kao i neke objektivne organizacijske promjene koje će unaprijediti kvalitetu života djece i odgajatelja. Longitudinal monitoring of the children growing up in children's homes, which is conducted within the project Possibilities of improving the child welfare in children's homes and foster families, has been expanded by the analysis of interpersonal relations of the children in homes. For that purpose, a survey that has good psychometric features has been constructed, and its factor analysis extracted three factors: aggressiveness among the children, mutual support of the children and sexual harassment among the children. The children of both genders aged from 10 to 19 took part in the survey (N=229). The children and the youth equally frequently display pro-social and supportive behaviour, as well as mutually aggressive behaviour. The children who perceive a higher level of aggression in the home receive less social support, experience more everyday stress, have a poorer image of themselves and more mental difficulties, and they behave in a less socially desirable manner themselves. The educators and the children in focus groups participated in the interpretation of the data, in which they have shown that the supportive behaviour among the children is rare, while aggressive behaviour is frequent. In order to improve the situation, the educators suggest a family type of life and a more favourable ratio between the educators and the children, while the children suggest a better social life and sport activities. The conclusion emphasises the necessity to ensure life without peer violence for the children in homes, and proposes additional training of the educators to efficiently face peer violence, the development of pro-social behaviour of the children and some objective organisational changes that would improve the quality of life of both the children and the educators.