Primjena imobilizirane lipaze iz kvasca Candida antarctica u superkritičnoj fluidnoj ekstrakciji ulja od sjemenki boražine (Borago officinalis L.) - Venskutonis, Petras Rimantas; Department of Food Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnu pl. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; rimas.venskutonis@ktu.lt; Daukšas, Egidijus; Department of Food Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnu pl. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; Sivik, Björn; Lund Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 882, SE-25108 Helsingborg, Sweden (Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb; imacan@pbf.hr, 2008)
U ovom je radu istražena mogućnost primjene imobilizirane lipaze iz kvasca Candida antarctica pri superkritičnoj fluidnoj ekstrakciji ulja od sjemenki boražine (Borago officinalis L.). Prva serija pokusa provedena je radi mjerenja prinosa ekstrakta dobivenog s čistim CO2 i etanolom. Prinos je dvostruko i više porastao nakon povećanja tlaka s 15 na 25 MPa, dok povećanje na 35 MPa nije imalo učinka. Utjecaj otapala većinom je bio neznatan. U svim ekstrahiranim uljima prevladavale su palmitinska (13,1-16,1 %), oleinska (13,4-23,8 %), linolna (33,8-48,4 %) i linolenska (8,8-16,3 %) kiselina. Daljnje ispitivanje provedeno je pomoću enzima. Prvi ekstraktor napunjen je mljevenim sjemenkama boražine, a drugi enzimom. Ukupni prinos pri 15 MPa iznosio je (8,8±0,2) %, pri 25 MPa (23,6±0,2) %, a pri 35 MPa (28,9±1,1) %. Tankoslojnom kromatografijom etilnih estera masnih kiselina dokazano je da je veći udio estera u ekstraktu dobivenom pri 15 MPa nego sa 35 MPa. This study aims at the investigation of the possibilities to use immobilised lipase from Candida antarctica in supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of borage (Borago officinalis L.) see doil. The first series of experiments was performed to measure the extract yields obtained with pure CO2 and with the added entrainer (ethanol). The yield increased more than twice after increasing the extraction pressure from 15 to 25 MPa. Further increase to 35 MPa was less effective. The effect of the entrainer was not significant in most cases. Palmitic (13.1–16.1 %), oleic (13.4–23.8 %), linoleic (33.8–48.4 %) and linolenic (8.8–16.3 %) acids were dominant in all extracted oils. Further experiments involved the use of enzyme. In this case the first extractor was loaded with ground borage seeds, the second one was filled with the enzyme. The total yield obtained at 15, 25 and 35 MPa was (8.8±0.2), (23.6±0.2) and (28.9±1.1) %, respectively. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) of fatty acid ethyl esters showed that the content of esters was higher in the extract obtained in one extractor system at 15 MPa, compared to 35 MPa.