Nezadovoljstvo financijskim stanjem, samoprocjena zdravlja i stanja mladeži u Bosni i Hercegovini: presječno istraživanje u Tuzlanskom kantonu

• Main Authors: Pranjić, Nurka; Department of Occupational Medicine, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina; [e-mail], Brković, Aida; Department of Family Medicine, Tuzla University School of Medicine, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Beganlić, Azijada; Department of Family Medicine, Tuzla University School of Medicine, Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Format: Text
• Language: Croatian; English
• Published: Medicinska naklada; [e-mail] 2007
• Subjects: financijsko stanje; samoprocjena zdravlja; Tuzlanski kanton; Financial Situation; Adolescents; Tuzla Canton; sami
• Online Access: http://hrcak.srce.hr/20946; http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/32985; http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/32986

Cilj Ispitati odnos između kvalitete života, samoprocjene zdravlja i općega stanja i ocijeniti odnos između nezadovoljstva financijskim stanjem u obitelji i zdravlja u mladeži u Tuzlanskom kantonu. Postupci Istraživanje je obuhvatilo uzorak od 356 učenika srednjih škola, u dobi od 16 godina, 15 različitih razreda 16 srednjih škola općine Tuzla. Podatci su prikupljeni s pomoću validiranog upitnika koje su ispitanici sami ispunjavali, a odnosio se na demografske i društveno-ekonomske podatke, ustroj i događanja u obitelji, način života, ocjenu i zadovoljstvo financijskom situacijom i trenutno stanje zdravlja, te na društvene odnose i zdravstvenu skrb u školi. Rezultati U 11% (n=40) učeničkih obitelji postojali su neki pokazatelji siromaštva. Dvadeset i tri posto (n=82) ispitanika bilo je nezadovoljno financijskim stanjem u svojoj obitelji, a njih 73% pripadalo je mjesnim obiteljima, koje nisu bile prognaničke. U usporedbi s ispitanicima koji su bili zadovoljni financijskim stanjem svojih obitelji, ti siromašni mladići i djevojke pokazivali su progresivne simptome nezadovoljstva, uključivši i nezadovoljstvo vlastitim zdravljem (χ2=21.5; P=0.001). Prevalencija samoprocjene psiholoških simptoma bila je značajno niža među učenicima koji su bili zadovoljni svojim financijskom stanjem nego među nezadovoljnima (simptomi depresije 57/274 vs 40/82, P=0.001; tugovanja 73/274 vs 45/82, P=0.001; beznađa 34/274 vs 19/82, P=0.001; slaboga raspoloženja 29/274 vs 18/82, P=0.001; slabih ocjena i gubljenja godine 31/274 vs 20/82, P=0.001; pokušaja samoubojstva 11/274 vs 7/82, P=0.001). Analiza podataka linearnom regresijom pokazala je da je zadovoljstvo učenika financijskom situacijom bio glavni prediktor depresije (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.158-1.855), gubitka apetita (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.561-1.235), rastresenosti (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.837-1.1536), nezadovoljstva (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.686-1.405) i nemogućnosti ispunjavanja očekivanih školskih obveza (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.903-1.581). Zaključak Nezadovoljstvo financijskim stanjem značajno smanjuje kvalitetu duševnoga zdravlja, povezano je s neprimjerenim ponašanjem i ugrožava budućnost mladeži. Aim To examine the relationship between quality of life, self-rated health, and well-being and to establish the relationship between discontent with familial financial situation and health in adolescents living in the Tuzla Canton. Method The study comprised a random sample of 356 high school students aged 16, coming from 15 different classes of 16 high schools in the Tuzla municipality. Data were obtained using a validated self-reporting questionnaire on demographic and socioeconomic background, structure, and dynamics of the adolescent’s family, life-style, perception, and satisfaction with the financial situation and current health status, as well as social relationships and health care provided in school settings. Results In 11% (n = 40) of students’ households several poverty indicators were present. Twenty three percent (n = 82) of the examinees were dissatisfied with the financial situation in their families, and 73% of them came from local, non-refugee families. They presented with progressive symptoms of unhappiness and expressed discontent with their health condition, and even self-hate in comparison with adolescents who were satisfied with the financial situation in their families (χ2 = 21.5; P = 0.001). The prevalence of self-rated mental symptoms was significantly lower among adolescents who were satisfied with their financial situation than in those who were dissatisfied (symptoms of depression 57/274 vs 40/82, P =0 .001; sadness 73/274 vs 45/82, P =0 .001; moroseness 34/274 vs 19/82, P =0 .001; under-sedation 29/274 vs 18/82, P =0 .001; bad marks and school failures 31/274 vs 20/82, P = 0.001; suicidal attempts 11/274 vs 7/82, P = 0.001, respectively). Using linear regression analysis we found that adolescents’ satisfaction with the financial situation was a major factor predicting depression (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.158-1.855), loss of appetite (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.561-1.235), distraction (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.837-1.154), unhappiness (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.686-1.405), and inability to perform at school as expected (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.903-1.581). Conclusion Discontent with the financial situation significantly reduces the quality of mental health, leads to inappropriate patterns of behavior, and endangers future perspectives and well-being of adolescents.