Bruceloza u morskih sisavaca s posebnim osvrtom na Republiku Hrvatsku

• Published in: Rad Hrvatske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti. Medicinske znanosti
• Main Authors: Cvetnić, Željko, Duvnjak, Sanja, Đuras, Martina, Gomerčić, Tomislav, Zdelar -Tuk, Maja, Reil, Irena, Habrun, Boris, Špičić, Silvio
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts 2017
• Subjects: morski sisavc; dupin; bruceloza; Brucella ceti ST 27; Hrvatska; marine mammals; dolphin; brucellosis; Brucella ceti ST27; Croatia; Antarctic; Antarctic Ocean; Arctic; Barents Sea; New Zealand; Pacific; Puta; The Antarctic; Antarc*; Balaenoptera acutorostrata; Harbour porpoise; Human health; minke whale; Phocoena phocoena; polar bear
• Online Access: http://hrcak.srce.hr/182389; http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/268934

Nakon gotovo dva desetljeća istraživanja i dokaza bruceloze u morskih sisavaca, opće je poznato da je bruceloza u morskih sisavaca globalno rasprostranjena. Pozitivne životinje pronađene su u sjevernom Atlantiku, Sredozemnom moru i na Arktiku, uključujući i Barentsovo more. Zaražene ili zarazi izložene životinje otkrivene su duž atlanske i pacifičke obale Sjeverne Amerike, obale Perua, Australije, Novog Zelanda, Havaja i na Solomonskim otocima te Antarktici. Bruceloza se najčešće javlja u obalnih dupina (Phocoena phocoena), zatim u plavobijelog dupina (Stenella coeruleoalba), atlanskog bjelobokog dupina (Lagenorhynchus acutus), dobrog dupina (Tursiops truncatus) i običnog dupina (Delphinus delphis) te patuljastog kita (Balaenoptera acutostrata). Pozitivne serološke reakcije utvrđene su u 35 vrsta kitova i u 14 vrsta perajara, dvije podvrste morskih vidri, jedne vrste slatkovodnih vidri i polarnog medvjeda. Do sada je na području Sredozemnog mora bruceloza u morskih sisavaca dokazana u Italiji, Španjolskoj. Prva istraživanja bruceloze u dupina u Republici Hrvatskoj započela su u ljeto 2015. godine. Brucella sp. izdvojena je iz limfnih čvorova dobrog dupina koji je uginut nađen na području Poreča. To je prvi dokaz bruceloze dupina u Jadranskom moru. Izdvojen je i identificirana Brucella ceti soj ST27 koji je prvi puta dokazan u Europi, što može predstavljati značajnu prijetnju zdravlju ljudi. After almost two decades of research and evidence of brucellosis in marine mammals, it has become widely known that this disease is prevalent in marine mammals on a global scale. Positive animals have been found in the northern Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea and in the Arctic, including the Barents Sea. Infected or exposed animals have been detected along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America, off the coasts of Peru, Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, the Solomon Islands, and in the Antarctic Ocean. Brucellosis most commonly occurs in the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), followed by the striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba), Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), shortbeaked common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) and minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata). A positive serological reaction has been confirmed in 35 species of whales and 14 species of seals, two subspecies of sea otters, one species of freshwater otter and the polar bear. To date, brucellosis has been found in marine mammals in the Mediterranean Sea in Italy and Spain. The first research on brucellosis in dolphins in the Republic of Croatia began in 2015. Brucella sp. was isolated from the lymph node of a bottlenose dolphin found dead in the Poreč region. This was the first evidence of brucellosis in dolphins in the Adriatic Sea. The isolated sample was identified as Brucella ceti strain ST27, making this the first record of this strain in Europe, which may present a significant threat to human health.