The Incidence of Jackal Bites and Injuries in The Zagreb Anti Rabies Clinic During the 1995-2014 Period
Rabies is a zoonotic disease (a disease transmitted to humans from animals) that is caused by a virus. The disease affects domestic and wild animals, and is spread to people through close contact with infectious material, usually saliva, via bites or scratches. Rabies is present on all continents wi...
Published in: | Acta Clinica Croatica |
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Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Sestre Milosrdnice University hospital and Institute of Clinical Medical Research
2016
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Online Access: | http://hrcak.srce.hr/161289 http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/237775 |
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Hrčak - Portal of scientific journals of Croatia |
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English |
topic |
Rabies – epidemiology Rabies – statistics and numerical data Croatia Jackals – virology Bjesnoća – epidemiologija Bjesnoća – statistika i brojčani podaci Hrvatska Čagljevi – virologija |
spellingShingle |
Rabies – epidemiology Rabies – statistics and numerical data Croatia Jackals – virology Bjesnoća – epidemiologija Bjesnoća – statistika i brojčani podaci Hrvatska Čagljevi – virologija Vodopija, Radovan Racz, Aleksandar Pahor, Đana The Incidence of Jackal Bites and Injuries in The Zagreb Anti Rabies Clinic During the 1995-2014 Period |
topic_facet |
Rabies – epidemiology Rabies – statistics and numerical data Croatia Jackals – virology Bjesnoća – epidemiologija Bjesnoća – statistika i brojčani podaci Hrvatska Čagljevi – virologija |
description |
Rabies is a zoonotic disease (a disease transmitted to humans from animals) that is caused by a virus. The disease affects domestic and wild animals, and is spread to people through close contact with infectious material, usually saliva, via bites or scratches. Rabies is present on all continents with the exception of Antarctica, but more than 95% of human deaths occur in Asia and Africa. Once the symptoms of the disease have developed, rabies is nearly always fatal. People are usually infected following deep bite or scratch by an infected animal. Dogs are the main host and transmitter of rabies. They are the source of infection in all of the estimated 55 000 human rabies deaths annually in Asia and Africa. Bats are the source of most human rabies deaths in the Americas. Bat rabies has also recently emerged as a public health threat in Australia and Western Europe. Human deaths following exposure to foxes, raccoons, skunks, jackals, mongooses and other wild carnivore host species are very rare. In the Zagreb Anti Rabies Clinic, from 1995 to 2014, there were 18,094 patients bitten by various animals, but only 2 cases were caused by jackals. One was imported (from France), and the other was from Croatia. The incidence of jackal injuries during the observed period was extremely low, accounting for 0.011% of all animals. When the imported case is excluded, the incidence was 0.0055%. Accordingly, it is concluded that jackal bites and injuries are exceptionally low and that they pose no risk for patients who present routinely to the Zagreb Anti Rabies Clinic. Therefore, it is justified that jackal as an animal species be classified in the group of ‘other animals’, when officially reported. Bjesnoća je zoonoza (bolest koja se sa životinja prenosi na ljude) koja je uzrokovana virusom. Bolest zahvaća domaće i divlje životinje, a na ljude se širi putem bliskog kontakta sa zaraženim materijalima, obično slinom, putem ugriza ili ogrebotina. Bjesnoća je prisutna na svim kontinentima, s iznimkom Antarktike, budući da se više od 95% humanih slučajeva bjesnoće događa u Aziji i Africi. Jednom kada se razviju znaci bjesnoće ona je gotovo uvijek smrtonosna. Ljudi se obično zaraze putem ugriza ili ogrebotine zaražene životinje. Psi su glavni domaćin i prijenosnik bjesnoće. Izvorom su infekcije za gotovo 55.000 potvrđenih humanih slučajeva bjesnoće u Aziji i Africi. Šišmiši su izvor većine humanih slučajeva bjesnoće u obje Amerike. Bjesnoća u šišmiša također se nedavno pojavila u Australiji i u Zapadnoj Europi, gdje predstavlja rastuću javnozdravstvenu prijetnju. Zabilježeni humani slučajevi bjesnoće povezani s lisicama, rakunima, smrdljivcima, čagljevima, mungosima i ostalim divljim mesožderima su vrlo rijetki. U Zagrebačkoj antirabičnoj ambulanti, u razdoblju od 1995. do 2014. godine, pregledano je ukupno 18,094 pacijenata koje su ugrizle različite vrste životinja, ali se u samo 2 slučaja radilo o ugrizima čagljeva. Prvi je bio uvezen iz Francuske, a drugi iz Republike Hrvatske. Učestalost ugriza i ozljeda zadanih od čagljeva u promatranom razdoblju bila je iznimno niska i činila je 0,011% od svih životinjskih vrsta. Kada se isključi uvezeni slučaj, učestalost iznosi 0,0055%. Prema tome, može se zaključiti da su ugrizi i ozljede od čagljeva iznimno rijetki po učestalosti pojavljivanja te da ne predstavljaju rizik za pacijente koji rutinski dolaze u antirabičnu ambulantu u gradu Zagrebu na pregled. Zbog toga je opravdano da se čagalj kao životinjska vrsta kategorizira u skupinu “ostalih životinja”, kada se službeno prikazuje u izvješćima. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vodopija, Radovan Racz, Aleksandar Pahor, Đana |
author_facet |
Vodopija, Radovan Racz, Aleksandar Pahor, Đana |
author_sort |
Vodopija, Radovan |
title |
The Incidence of Jackal Bites and Injuries in The Zagreb Anti Rabies Clinic During the 1995-2014 Period |
title_short |
The Incidence of Jackal Bites and Injuries in The Zagreb Anti Rabies Clinic During the 1995-2014 Period |
title_full |
The Incidence of Jackal Bites and Injuries in The Zagreb Anti Rabies Clinic During the 1995-2014 Period |
title_fullStr |
The Incidence of Jackal Bites and Injuries in The Zagreb Anti Rabies Clinic During the 1995-2014 Period |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Incidence of Jackal Bites and Injuries in The Zagreb Anti Rabies Clinic During the 1995-2014 Period |
title_sort |
incidence of jackal bites and injuries in the zagreb anti rabies clinic during the 1995-2014 period |
publisher |
Sestre Milosrdnice University hospital and Institute of Clinical Medical Research |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hrcak.srce.hr/161289 http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/237775 |
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ENVELOPE(25.283,25.283,66.183,66.183) ENVELOPE(-63.000,-63.000,-64.300,-64.300) |
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Niska Psi |
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Niska Psi |
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Antarc* Antarctica |
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Antarc* Antarctica |
op_source |
Acta clinica Croatica ISSN 0353-9466 (Print) ISSN 1333-9451 (Online) Volume 55. Issue 1. |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.20471/acc.2016.55.01.20 http://hrcak.srce.hr/161289 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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https://doi.org/10.20471/acc.2016.55.01.20 |
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Acta Clinica Croatica |
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151 |
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155 |
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1766091905143144448 |
spelling |
fthrcak:oai:hrcak.srce.hr:161289 2023-05-15T13:37:26+02:00 The Incidence of Jackal Bites and Injuries in The Zagreb Anti Rabies Clinic During the 1995-2014 Period Učestalost ugriza i ozljeda od čagljeva u antirabičnoj ambulanti u Gradu Zagrebu od 1995. do 2014. godine Vodopija, Radovan Racz, Aleksandar Pahor, Đana 2016-03-01 application/pdf http://hrcak.srce.hr/161289 http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/237775 eng eng Sestre Milosrdnice University hospital and Institute of Clinical Medical Research info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.20471/acc.2016.55.01.20 http://hrcak.srce.hr/161289 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Acta clinica Croatica ISSN 0353-9466 (Print) ISSN 1333-9451 (Online) Volume 55. Issue 1. Rabies – epidemiology Rabies – statistics and numerical data Croatia Jackals – virology Bjesnoća – epidemiologija Bjesnoća – statistika i brojčani podaci Hrvatska Čagljevi – virologija text info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2016 fthrcak https://doi.org/10.20471/acc.2016.55.01.20 2017-10-25T22:50:23Z Rabies is a zoonotic disease (a disease transmitted to humans from animals) that is caused by a virus. The disease affects domestic and wild animals, and is spread to people through close contact with infectious material, usually saliva, via bites or scratches. Rabies is present on all continents with the exception of Antarctica, but more than 95% of human deaths occur in Asia and Africa. Once the symptoms of the disease have developed, rabies is nearly always fatal. People are usually infected following deep bite or scratch by an infected animal. Dogs are the main host and transmitter of rabies. They are the source of infection in all of the estimated 55 000 human rabies deaths annually in Asia and Africa. Bats are the source of most human rabies deaths in the Americas. Bat rabies has also recently emerged as a public health threat in Australia and Western Europe. Human deaths following exposure to foxes, raccoons, skunks, jackals, mongooses and other wild carnivore host species are very rare. In the Zagreb Anti Rabies Clinic, from 1995 to 2014, there were 18,094 patients bitten by various animals, but only 2 cases were caused by jackals. One was imported (from France), and the other was from Croatia. The incidence of jackal injuries during the observed period was extremely low, accounting for 0.011% of all animals. When the imported case is excluded, the incidence was 0.0055%. Accordingly, it is concluded that jackal bites and injuries are exceptionally low and that they pose no risk for patients who present routinely to the Zagreb Anti Rabies Clinic. Therefore, it is justified that jackal as an animal species be classified in the group of ‘other animals’, when officially reported. Bjesnoća je zoonoza (bolest koja se sa životinja prenosi na ljude) koja je uzrokovana virusom. Bolest zahvaća domaće i divlje životinje, a na ljude se širi putem bliskog kontakta sa zaraženim materijalima, obično slinom, putem ugriza ili ogrebotina. Bjesnoća je prisutna na svim kontinentima, s iznimkom Antarktike, budući da se više od 95% humanih slučajeva bjesnoće događa u Aziji i Africi. Jednom kada se razviju znaci bjesnoće ona je gotovo uvijek smrtonosna. Ljudi se obično zaraze putem ugriza ili ogrebotine zaražene životinje. Psi su glavni domaćin i prijenosnik bjesnoće. Izvorom su infekcije za gotovo 55.000 potvrđenih humanih slučajeva bjesnoće u Aziji i Africi. Šišmiši su izvor većine humanih slučajeva bjesnoće u obje Amerike. Bjesnoća u šišmiša također se nedavno pojavila u Australiji i u Zapadnoj Europi, gdje predstavlja rastuću javnozdravstvenu prijetnju. Zabilježeni humani slučajevi bjesnoće povezani s lisicama, rakunima, smrdljivcima, čagljevima, mungosima i ostalim divljim mesožderima su vrlo rijetki. U Zagrebačkoj antirabičnoj ambulanti, u razdoblju od 1995. do 2014. godine, pregledano je ukupno 18,094 pacijenata koje su ugrizle različite vrste životinja, ali se u samo 2 slučaja radilo o ugrizima čagljeva. Prvi je bio uvezen iz Francuske, a drugi iz Republike Hrvatske. Učestalost ugriza i ozljeda zadanih od čagljeva u promatranom razdoblju bila je iznimno niska i činila je 0,011% od svih životinjskih vrsta. Kada se isključi uvezeni slučaj, učestalost iznosi 0,0055%. Prema tome, može se zaključiti da su ugrizi i ozljede od čagljeva iznimno rijetki po učestalosti pojavljivanja te da ne predstavljaju rizik za pacijente koji rutinski dolaze u antirabičnu ambulantu u gradu Zagrebu na pregled. Zbog toga je opravdano da se čagalj kao životinjska vrsta kategorizira u skupinu “ostalih životinja”, kada se službeno prikazuje u izvješćima. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Hrčak - Portal of scientific journals of Croatia Niska ENVELOPE(25.283,25.283,66.183,66.183) Psi ENVELOPE(-63.000,-63.000,-64.300,-64.300) Acta Clinica Croatica 151 155 |