Low-molecular-weight hydroxyacids in marine atmospheric aerosol: evidence of a marine microbial origin

• Published in: Biogeosciences
• Main Authors: Miyazaki, Y., Sawano, M., Kawamura, K.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Copernicus Publications
• Subjects: 519; Pacific; Subarctic
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2115/56848; https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4407-2014

Lactic acid (LA) and glycolic acid (GA), which are low-molecular-weight hydroxyacids, were identified in the particle and gas phases within the marine atmospheric boundary layer over the western subarctic North Pacific. A major portion of LA (81%) and GA (57%) was present in the particulate phase, which is consistent with the presence of a hydroxyl group in these molecules leading to the low volatility of the compounds. The average concentration (±SD) of LA in more biologically influenced marine aerosols (33 ± 58 ng m−3) was substantially higher than that in less biologically influenced aerosols (11 ± 12 ng m−3). Over the oceanic region of phytoplankton blooms, the concentration of aerosol LA was comparable to that of oxalic acid, which was the most abundant diacid during the study period. A positive correlation was found between the LA concentrations in more biologically influenced aerosols and chlorophyll a in seawater (r2 = 0.56), suggesting an important production of aerosol LA possibly associated with microbial (e.g., lactobacillus) activity in seawater and/or aerosols. Our finding provides a new insight into the poorly quantified microbial sources of marine organic aerosols (OAs) because such low-molecular-weight hydroxyacids are key intermediates for OA formation.