The rates of sea salt sulfatization in the atmosphere and surface snow of inland Antarctica
Most of the aerosol particles present in the surface snow and ice of inland Antarctica come from primary sea salt (sodium chloride) and marine biological activity (methansulfonic and sulfuric acids). Melted water from surface snow, firn, and Holocene ice contains mainly sodium, chloride, and sulfate...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/49886 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016378 |
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fthokunivhus:oai:eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp:2115/49886 2023-05-15T13:42:37+02:00 The rates of sea salt sulfatization in the atmosphere and surface snow of inland Antarctica Iizuka, Yoshinori Tsuchimoto, Akira Hoshina, Yu Sakurai, Toshimitsu Hansson, Margareta Karlin, Torbjörn Fujita, Koji Nakazawa, Fumio Motoyama, Hideaki Fujita, Shuji http://hdl.handle.net/2115/49886 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016378 eng eng American Geophysical Union http://hdl.handle.net/2115/49886 Journal of Geophysical Research, Atmospheres, 117: D04308 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016378 Copyright 2012 by the American Geophysical Union. 452 article fthokunivhus https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016378 2022-11-18T01:02:23Z Most of the aerosol particles present in the surface snow and ice of inland Antarctica come from primary sea salt (sodium chloride) and marine biological activity (methansulfonic and sulfuric acids). Melted water from surface snow, firn, and Holocene ice contains mainly sodium, chloride, and sulfate ions. Although it is well known that sea salt aerosols react rapidly with sulfuric acid, a process known as sulfatization, it is not known when this process takes place. In this research we undertake to measure the proportion of sea salt aerosols that undergo sulfatization in the atmosphere and surface snow, as opposed to deeper ice, in order to understand the suitability of sea salt aerosols as a proxy for past climates in deep ice cores. We directly measure the sulfatization rates in recently fallen snow (0-4 m in depth) collected at the Dome Fuji station, using X-ray dispersion spectroscopy to determine the constituent elements of soluble particles and computing the molar ratios of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate. We estimate that about 90% of the initial sea salt aerosols sulfatize as they are taken up by precipitation over Dome Fuji or in the snowpack within one year after being deposited on the ice sheet. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Ice Sheet Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers (HUSCAP) Dome Fuji ENVELOPE(39.700,39.700,-77.317,-77.317) Dome Fuji Station ENVELOPE(39.703,39.703,-77.317,-77.317) Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 117 D4 n/a n/a |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers (HUSCAP) |
op_collection_id |
fthokunivhus |
language |
English |
topic |
452 |
spellingShingle |
452 Iizuka, Yoshinori Tsuchimoto, Akira Hoshina, Yu Sakurai, Toshimitsu Hansson, Margareta Karlin, Torbjörn Fujita, Koji Nakazawa, Fumio Motoyama, Hideaki Fujita, Shuji The rates of sea salt sulfatization in the atmosphere and surface snow of inland Antarctica |
topic_facet |
452 |
description |
Most of the aerosol particles present in the surface snow and ice of inland Antarctica come from primary sea salt (sodium chloride) and marine biological activity (methansulfonic and sulfuric acids). Melted water from surface snow, firn, and Holocene ice contains mainly sodium, chloride, and sulfate ions. Although it is well known that sea salt aerosols react rapidly with sulfuric acid, a process known as sulfatization, it is not known when this process takes place. In this research we undertake to measure the proportion of sea salt aerosols that undergo sulfatization in the atmosphere and surface snow, as opposed to deeper ice, in order to understand the suitability of sea salt aerosols as a proxy for past climates in deep ice cores. We directly measure the sulfatization rates in recently fallen snow (0-4 m in depth) collected at the Dome Fuji station, using X-ray dispersion spectroscopy to determine the constituent elements of soluble particles and computing the molar ratios of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate. We estimate that about 90% of the initial sea salt aerosols sulfatize as they are taken up by precipitation over Dome Fuji or in the snowpack within one year after being deposited on the ice sheet. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Iizuka, Yoshinori Tsuchimoto, Akira Hoshina, Yu Sakurai, Toshimitsu Hansson, Margareta Karlin, Torbjörn Fujita, Koji Nakazawa, Fumio Motoyama, Hideaki Fujita, Shuji |
author_facet |
Iizuka, Yoshinori Tsuchimoto, Akira Hoshina, Yu Sakurai, Toshimitsu Hansson, Margareta Karlin, Torbjörn Fujita, Koji Nakazawa, Fumio Motoyama, Hideaki Fujita, Shuji |
author_sort |
Iizuka, Yoshinori |
title |
The rates of sea salt sulfatization in the atmosphere and surface snow of inland Antarctica |
title_short |
The rates of sea salt sulfatization in the atmosphere and surface snow of inland Antarctica |
title_full |
The rates of sea salt sulfatization in the atmosphere and surface snow of inland Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
The rates of sea salt sulfatization in the atmosphere and surface snow of inland Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
The rates of sea salt sulfatization in the atmosphere and surface snow of inland Antarctica |
title_sort |
rates of sea salt sulfatization in the atmosphere and surface snow of inland antarctica |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/49886 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016378 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(39.700,39.700,-77.317,-77.317) ENVELOPE(39.703,39.703,-77.317,-77.317) |
geographic |
Dome Fuji Dome Fuji Station |
geographic_facet |
Dome Fuji Dome Fuji Station |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Ice Sheet |
op_relation |
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/49886 Journal of Geophysical Research, Atmospheres, 117: D04308 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016378 |
op_rights |
Copyright 2012 by the American Geophysical Union. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016378 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
container_volume |
117 |
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D4 |
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1766170144112902144 |