The evolution of health warning labels on cigarette packs: the role of precedents, and tobacco industry strategies to block diffusion
Objective To analyse the evolution and diffusion of health warnings on cigarette packs around the world, including tobacco industry attempts to block this diffusion. Methods We analysed tobacco industry documents and public sources to construct a database on the global evolution and diffusion of hea...
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fthighwire:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:tobaccocontrol:tobaccocontrol-2012-050541v1 2023-05-15T16:50:57+02:00 The evolution of health warning labels on cigarette packs: the role of precedents, and tobacco industry strategies to block diffusion Hiilamo, Heikki Crosbie, Eric Glantz, Stanton A 2012-10-23 00:03:22.0 text/html http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/tobaccocontrol-2012-050541v1 https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050541 en eng BMJ Publishing Group Ltd http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/tobaccocontrol-2012-050541v1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050541 Copyright (C) 2012, BMJ Publishing Group Ltd Research paper TEXT 2012 fthighwire https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050541 2013-05-27T23:50:36Z Objective To analyse the evolution and diffusion of health warnings on cigarette packs around the world, including tobacco industry attempts to block this diffusion. Methods We analysed tobacco industry documents and public sources to construct a database on the global evolution and diffusion of health warning labels from 1966 to 2012, and also analysed industry strategies. Results Health warning labels, especially labels with graphic elements, threaten the tobacco industry because they are a low-cost, effective measure to reduce smoking. Multinational tobacco companies did not object to voluntary innocuous warnings with ambiguous health messages, in part because they saw them as offering protection from lawsuits and local packaging regulations. The companies worked systematically at the international level to block or weaken warnings once stronger more specific warnings began to appear in the 1970s. Since 1985 in Iceland, the tobacco industry has been aware of the effectiveness of graphic health warning labels (GWHL). The industry launched an all-out attack in the early 1990s to prevent GHWLs, and was successful in delaying GHWLs internationally for nearly 10 years. Conclusions Beginning in 2005, as a result of the World Health Organisation Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), GHWLs began to spread. Effective implementation of FCTC labelling provisions has stimulated diffusion of strong health warning labels despite industry opposition. Text Iceland HighWire Press (Stanford University) Tobacco Control 23 1 e2 e2 |
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Research paper Hiilamo, Heikki Crosbie, Eric Glantz, Stanton A The evolution of health warning labels on cigarette packs: the role of precedents, and tobacco industry strategies to block diffusion |
topic_facet |
Research paper |
description |
Objective To analyse the evolution and diffusion of health warnings on cigarette packs around the world, including tobacco industry attempts to block this diffusion. Methods We analysed tobacco industry documents and public sources to construct a database on the global evolution and diffusion of health warning labels from 1966 to 2012, and also analysed industry strategies. Results Health warning labels, especially labels with graphic elements, threaten the tobacco industry because they are a low-cost, effective measure to reduce smoking. Multinational tobacco companies did not object to voluntary innocuous warnings with ambiguous health messages, in part because they saw them as offering protection from lawsuits and local packaging regulations. The companies worked systematically at the international level to block or weaken warnings once stronger more specific warnings began to appear in the 1970s. Since 1985 in Iceland, the tobacco industry has been aware of the effectiveness of graphic health warning labels (GWHL). The industry launched an all-out attack in the early 1990s to prevent GHWLs, and was successful in delaying GHWLs internationally for nearly 10 years. Conclusions Beginning in 2005, as a result of the World Health Organisation Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), GHWLs began to spread. Effective implementation of FCTC labelling provisions has stimulated diffusion of strong health warning labels despite industry opposition. |
format |
Text |
author |
Hiilamo, Heikki Crosbie, Eric Glantz, Stanton A |
author_facet |
Hiilamo, Heikki Crosbie, Eric Glantz, Stanton A |
author_sort |
Hiilamo, Heikki |
title |
The evolution of health warning labels on cigarette packs: the role of precedents, and tobacco industry strategies to block diffusion |
title_short |
The evolution of health warning labels on cigarette packs: the role of precedents, and tobacco industry strategies to block diffusion |
title_full |
The evolution of health warning labels on cigarette packs: the role of precedents, and tobacco industry strategies to block diffusion |
title_fullStr |
The evolution of health warning labels on cigarette packs: the role of precedents, and tobacco industry strategies to block diffusion |
title_full_unstemmed |
The evolution of health warning labels on cigarette packs: the role of precedents, and tobacco industry strategies to block diffusion |
title_sort |
evolution of health warning labels on cigarette packs: the role of precedents, and tobacco industry strategies to block diffusion |
publisher |
BMJ Publishing Group Ltd |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/tobaccocontrol-2012-050541v1 https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050541 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/tobaccocontrol-2012-050541v1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050541 |
op_rights |
Copyright (C) 2012, BMJ Publishing Group Ltd |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050541 |
container_title |
Tobacco Control |
container_volume |
23 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
e2 |
op_container_end_page |
e2 |
_version_ |
1766041055094898688 |