Relationships Between Denning of Polar Bears and Conditions of Sea Ice
We examined shelter and maternity dens used by 97 adult female polar bears ( Ursus maritimus ) in relation to conditions of sea ice. Obligate use of maternity dens for pregnancy, birth, and lactation varied little with latitude or area. In contrast, timing of facultative use of shelter dens switched...
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fthighwire:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:jmammal:81/4/1118 2023-05-15T18:17:16+02:00 Relationships Between Denning of Polar Bears and Conditions of Sea Ice Ferguson, Steven H. Taylor, Mitchell K. Rosing-Asvid, Aqqalu Born, Erik W. Messier, François 2000-11-01 00:00:00.0 text/html http://jmammal.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/81/4/1118 https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2000)081<1118:RBDOPB>2.0.CO;2 en eng Oxford University Press http://jmammal.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/81/4/1118 http://dx.doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2000)081<1118:RBDOPB>2.0.CO;2 Copyright (C) 2000, Oxford University Press Feature Articles TEXT 2000 fthighwire https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2000)081<1118:RBDOPB>2.0.CO;2 2018-04-07T06:33:48Z We examined shelter and maternity dens used by 97 adult female polar bears ( Ursus maritimus ) in relation to conditions of sea ice. Obligate use of maternity dens for pregnancy, birth, and lactation varied little with latitude or area. In contrast, timing of facultative use of shelter dens switched from autumn in the southern area (<70°N) to winter in the northern area (>75°N). For the southern area, 13 of 16 female polar bears used shelter dens in autumn versus winter (median dates of entry and exit, 11 September and 2 November; total = 56 days), whereas in the northern area, 11 of 17 bears used shelter dens in winter versus autumn (median dates, 24 December and 2 March; total = 65 days). Difference in facultative use of shelter dens was associated with conditions of sea ice. Southern regions had no sea ice when polar bears used shelter dens. In contrast, northern areas had more constant ice conditions that included presence of ice throughout the year. Southern regions seem to have greater primary productivity and more seals as a result of a pronounced seasonal cycle of annual ice. Polar bears in northern areas responded to the more constant ice conditions and less productive environment with use of shelter dens during the period with lowest seal accessibility. Text Sea ice Ursus maritimus HighWire Press (Stanford University) |
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Feature Articles |
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Feature Articles Ferguson, Steven H. Taylor, Mitchell K. Rosing-Asvid, Aqqalu Born, Erik W. Messier, François Relationships Between Denning of Polar Bears and Conditions of Sea Ice |
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Feature Articles |
description |
We examined shelter and maternity dens used by 97 adult female polar bears ( Ursus maritimus ) in relation to conditions of sea ice. Obligate use of maternity dens for pregnancy, birth, and lactation varied little with latitude or area. In contrast, timing of facultative use of shelter dens switched from autumn in the southern area (<70°N) to winter in the northern area (>75°N). For the southern area, 13 of 16 female polar bears used shelter dens in autumn versus winter (median dates of entry and exit, 11 September and 2 November; total = 56 days), whereas in the northern area, 11 of 17 bears used shelter dens in winter versus autumn (median dates, 24 December and 2 March; total = 65 days). Difference in facultative use of shelter dens was associated with conditions of sea ice. Southern regions had no sea ice when polar bears used shelter dens. In contrast, northern areas had more constant ice conditions that included presence of ice throughout the year. Southern regions seem to have greater primary productivity and more seals as a result of a pronounced seasonal cycle of annual ice. Polar bears in northern areas responded to the more constant ice conditions and less productive environment with use of shelter dens during the period with lowest seal accessibility. |
format |
Text |
author |
Ferguson, Steven H. Taylor, Mitchell K. Rosing-Asvid, Aqqalu Born, Erik W. Messier, François |
author_facet |
Ferguson, Steven H. Taylor, Mitchell K. Rosing-Asvid, Aqqalu Born, Erik W. Messier, François |
author_sort |
Ferguson, Steven H. |
title |
Relationships Between Denning of Polar Bears and Conditions of Sea Ice |
title_short |
Relationships Between Denning of Polar Bears and Conditions of Sea Ice |
title_full |
Relationships Between Denning of Polar Bears and Conditions of Sea Ice |
title_fullStr |
Relationships Between Denning of Polar Bears and Conditions of Sea Ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Relationships Between Denning of Polar Bears and Conditions of Sea Ice |
title_sort |
relationships between denning of polar bears and conditions of sea ice |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2000 |
url |
http://jmammal.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/81/4/1118 https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2000)081<1118:RBDOPB>2.0.CO;2 |
genre |
Sea ice Ursus maritimus |
genre_facet |
Sea ice Ursus maritimus |
op_relation |
http://jmammal.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/81/4/1118 http://dx.doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2000)081<1118:RBDOPB>2.0.CO;2 |
op_rights |
Copyright (C) 2000, Oxford University Press |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2000)081<1118:RBDOPB>2.0.CO;2 |
_version_ |
1766191382503882752 |