The physiology of climate change: how potentials for acclimatization and genetic adaptation will determine 'winners' and 'losers'
Physiological studies can help predict effects of climate change through determining which species currently live closest to their upper thermal tolerance limits, which physiological systems set these limits, and how species differ in acclimatization capacities for modifying their thermal tolerances...
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fthighwire:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:jexbio:213/6/912 2023-05-15T13:52:59+02:00 The physiology of climate change: how potentials for acclimatization and genetic adaptation will determine 'winners' and 'losers' Somero, G. N. 2010-03-15 00:00:00.0 text/html http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/213/6/912 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.037473 en eng Company of Biologists http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/213/6/912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.037473 Copyright (C) 2010, Company of Biologists Effects of climate and environmental change on marine and terrestrial ecosystems TEXT 2010 fthighwire https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.037473 2015-03-01T00:31:19Z Physiological studies can help predict effects of climate change through determining which species currently live closest to their upper thermal tolerance limits, which physiological systems set these limits, and how species differ in acclimatization capacities for modifying their thermal tolerances. Reductionist studies at the molecular level can contribute to this analysis by revealing how much change in sequence is needed to adapt proteins to warmer temperatures — thus providing insights into potential rates of adaptive evolution — and determining how the contents of genomes — protein-coding genes and gene regulatory mechanisms — influence capacities for adapting to acute and long-term increases in temperature. Studies of congeneric invertebrates from thermally stressful rocky intertidal habitats have shown that warm-adapted congeners are most susceptible to local extinctions because their acute upper thermal limits (LT 50 values) lie near current thermal maxima and their abilities to increase thermal tolerance through acclimation are limited. Collapse of cardiac function may underlie acute and longer-term thermal limits. Local extinctions from heat death may be offset by in-migration of genetically warm-adapted conspecifics from mid-latitude ‘hot spots’, where midday low tides in summer select for heat tolerance. A single amino acid replacement is sufficient to adapt a protein to a new thermal range. More challenging to adaptive evolution are lesions in genomes of stenotherms like Antarctic marine ectotherms, which have lost protein-coding genes and gene regulatory mechanisms needed for coping with rising temperature. These extreme stenotherms, along with warm-adapted eurytherms living near their thermal limits, may be the major ‘losers’ from climate change. Text Antarc* Antarctic HighWire Press (Stanford University) Antarctic Journal of Experimental Biology 213 6 912 920 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
HighWire Press (Stanford University) |
op_collection_id |
fthighwire |
language |
English |
topic |
Effects of climate and environmental change on marine and terrestrial ecosystems |
spellingShingle |
Effects of climate and environmental change on marine and terrestrial ecosystems Somero, G. N. The physiology of climate change: how potentials for acclimatization and genetic adaptation will determine 'winners' and 'losers' |
topic_facet |
Effects of climate and environmental change on marine and terrestrial ecosystems |
description |
Physiological studies can help predict effects of climate change through determining which species currently live closest to their upper thermal tolerance limits, which physiological systems set these limits, and how species differ in acclimatization capacities for modifying their thermal tolerances. Reductionist studies at the molecular level can contribute to this analysis by revealing how much change in sequence is needed to adapt proteins to warmer temperatures — thus providing insights into potential rates of adaptive evolution — and determining how the contents of genomes — protein-coding genes and gene regulatory mechanisms — influence capacities for adapting to acute and long-term increases in temperature. Studies of congeneric invertebrates from thermally stressful rocky intertidal habitats have shown that warm-adapted congeners are most susceptible to local extinctions because their acute upper thermal limits (LT 50 values) lie near current thermal maxima and their abilities to increase thermal tolerance through acclimation are limited. Collapse of cardiac function may underlie acute and longer-term thermal limits. Local extinctions from heat death may be offset by in-migration of genetically warm-adapted conspecifics from mid-latitude ‘hot spots’, where midday low tides in summer select for heat tolerance. A single amino acid replacement is sufficient to adapt a protein to a new thermal range. More challenging to adaptive evolution are lesions in genomes of stenotherms like Antarctic marine ectotherms, which have lost protein-coding genes and gene regulatory mechanisms needed for coping with rising temperature. These extreme stenotherms, along with warm-adapted eurytherms living near their thermal limits, may be the major ‘losers’ from climate change. |
format |
Text |
author |
Somero, G. N. |
author_facet |
Somero, G. N. |
author_sort |
Somero, G. N. |
title |
The physiology of climate change: how potentials for acclimatization and genetic adaptation will determine 'winners' and 'losers' |
title_short |
The physiology of climate change: how potentials for acclimatization and genetic adaptation will determine 'winners' and 'losers' |
title_full |
The physiology of climate change: how potentials for acclimatization and genetic adaptation will determine 'winners' and 'losers' |
title_fullStr |
The physiology of climate change: how potentials for acclimatization and genetic adaptation will determine 'winners' and 'losers' |
title_full_unstemmed |
The physiology of climate change: how potentials for acclimatization and genetic adaptation will determine 'winners' and 'losers' |
title_sort |
physiology of climate change: how potentials for acclimatization and genetic adaptation will determine 'winners' and 'losers' |
publisher |
Company of Biologists |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/213/6/912 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.037473 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_relation |
http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/213/6/912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.037473 |
op_rights |
Copyright (C) 2010, Company of Biologists |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.037473 |
container_title |
Journal of Experimental Biology |
container_volume |
213 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
912 |
op_container_end_page |
920 |
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1766257928930590720 |