Single source sound production and dynamic beam formation in echolocating harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena)
Echolocating toothed whales produce high-powered clicks by pneumatic actuation of phonic lips in their nasal complexes. All non-physeteroid toothed whales have two pairs of phonic lips allowing many of these species to produce both whistles and clicks at the same time. That has led to the hypothesis...
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fthighwire:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:jexbio:213/18/3105 2023-05-15T17:59:08+02:00 Single source sound production and dynamic beam formation in echolocating harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) Madsen, P. T. Wisniewska, D. Beedholm, K. 2010-09-15 00:00:00.0 text/html http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/213/18/3105 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.044420 en eng Company of Biologists http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/213/18/3105 http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.044420 Copyright (C) 2010, Company of Biologists Research Articles TEXT 2010 fthighwire https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.044420 2015-02-28T21:02:24Z Echolocating toothed whales produce high-powered clicks by pneumatic actuation of phonic lips in their nasal complexes. All non-physeteroid toothed whales have two pairs of phonic lips allowing many of these species to produce both whistles and clicks at the same time. That has led to the hypothesis that toothed whales can increase the power outputs and bandwidths of clicks, and enable fast clicking and beam steering by acutely timed actuation of both phonic lip pairs simultaneously. Here we test that hypothesis by applying suction cup hydrophones on the sound-producing nasal complexes of three echolocating porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena ) with symmetrical pairs of phonic lips. Using time of arrival differences on three hydrophones, we show that all recorded clicks from these three porpoises are produced by the right pair of phonic lips with no evidence of simultaneous or independent actuation of the left pair. It is demonstrated that porpoises, despite actuation of only one sound source, can change their output and sound beam probably through conformation changes in the sound-producing soft tissues and nasal sacs, and that the coupling of the phonic lips and the melon acts as a waveguide for sound energy between 100 and 160 kHz to generate a forward-directed sound beam for echolocation. Text Phocoena phocoena toothed whales HighWire Press (Stanford University) Journal of Experimental Biology 213 18 3105 3110 |
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HighWire Press (Stanford University) |
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Research Articles |
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Research Articles Madsen, P. T. Wisniewska, D. Beedholm, K. Single source sound production and dynamic beam formation in echolocating harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) |
topic_facet |
Research Articles |
description |
Echolocating toothed whales produce high-powered clicks by pneumatic actuation of phonic lips in their nasal complexes. All non-physeteroid toothed whales have two pairs of phonic lips allowing many of these species to produce both whistles and clicks at the same time. That has led to the hypothesis that toothed whales can increase the power outputs and bandwidths of clicks, and enable fast clicking and beam steering by acutely timed actuation of both phonic lip pairs simultaneously. Here we test that hypothesis by applying suction cup hydrophones on the sound-producing nasal complexes of three echolocating porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena ) with symmetrical pairs of phonic lips. Using time of arrival differences on three hydrophones, we show that all recorded clicks from these three porpoises are produced by the right pair of phonic lips with no evidence of simultaneous or independent actuation of the left pair. It is demonstrated that porpoises, despite actuation of only one sound source, can change their output and sound beam probably through conformation changes in the sound-producing soft tissues and nasal sacs, and that the coupling of the phonic lips and the melon acts as a waveguide for sound energy between 100 and 160 kHz to generate a forward-directed sound beam for echolocation. |
format |
Text |
author |
Madsen, P. T. Wisniewska, D. Beedholm, K. |
author_facet |
Madsen, P. T. Wisniewska, D. Beedholm, K. |
author_sort |
Madsen, P. T. |
title |
Single source sound production and dynamic beam formation in echolocating harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) |
title_short |
Single source sound production and dynamic beam formation in echolocating harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) |
title_full |
Single source sound production and dynamic beam formation in echolocating harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) |
title_fullStr |
Single source sound production and dynamic beam formation in echolocating harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Single source sound production and dynamic beam formation in echolocating harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) |
title_sort |
single source sound production and dynamic beam formation in echolocating harbour porpoises (phocoena phocoena) |
publisher |
Company of Biologists |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/213/18/3105 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.044420 |
genre |
Phocoena phocoena toothed whales |
genre_facet |
Phocoena phocoena toothed whales |
op_relation |
http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/213/18/3105 http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.044420 |
op_rights |
Copyright (C) 2010, Company of Biologists |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.044420 |
container_title |
Journal of Experimental Biology |
container_volume |
213 |
container_issue |
18 |
container_start_page |
3105 |
op_container_end_page |
3110 |
_version_ |
1766167885399457792 |