The face that sank the Essex: potential function of the spermaceti organ in aggression
<qd> `Forehead to forehead I meet thee, this third time, Moby Dick!' [Ahab (<cross-ref type="bib" refid="ref39">Melville, 1851</cross-ref>)] </qd> Herman Melville's fictional portrayal of the sinking of the Pequod was inspired by instances in whi...
Main Authors: | , , |
---|---|
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Company of Biologists
2002
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/205/12/1755 |
id |
fthighwire:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:jexbio:205/12/1755 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
fthighwire:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:jexbio:205/12/1755 2023-05-15T18:26:50+02:00 The face that sank the Essex: potential function of the spermaceti organ in aggression Carrier, David R. Deban, Stephen M. Otterstrom, Jason 2002-06-15 00:00:00.0 text/html http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/205/12/1755 en eng Company of Biologists http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/205/12/1755 Copyright (C) 2002, Company of Biologists Research Article TEXT 2002 fthighwire 2015-02-28T12:44:08Z <qd> `Forehead to forehead I meet thee, this third time, Moby Dick!' [Ahab (<cross-ref type="bib" refid="ref39">Melville, 1851</cross-ref>)] </qd> Herman Melville's fictional portrayal of the sinking of the Pequod was inspired by instances in which large sperm whales sank whaling ships by ramming the ships with their heads. Observations of aggression in species of the four major clades of cetacean and the artiodactyl outgroup suggest that head-butting during male—male aggression is a basal behavior for cetaceans. We hypothesize that the ability of sperm whales to destroy stout wooden ships, 3-5 times their body mass, is a product of specialization for male—male aggression. Specifically, we suggest that the greatly enlarged and derived melon of sperm whales, the spermaceti organ, evolved as a battering ram to injure an opponent. To address this hypothesis, we examined the correlation between relative melon size and the level of sexual dimorphism in body size among cetaceans. We also modeled impacts between two equal-sized sperm whales to determine whether it is physically possible for the spermaceti organ to function as an effective battering ram. We found (i) that the evolution of relative melon size in cetaceans is positively correlated with the evolution of sexual dimorphism in body size and (ii) that the spermaceti organ of a charging sperm whale has enough momentum to seriously injure an opponent. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that the spermaceti organ has evolved to be a weapon used in male—male aggression. Text Sperm whale HighWire Press (Stanford University) Ahab ENVELOPE(-62.178,-62.178,-65.434,-65.434) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HighWire Press (Stanford University) |
op_collection_id |
fthighwire |
language |
English |
topic |
Research Article |
spellingShingle |
Research Article Carrier, David R. Deban, Stephen M. Otterstrom, Jason The face that sank the Essex: potential function of the spermaceti organ in aggression |
topic_facet |
Research Article |
description |
<qd> `Forehead to forehead I meet thee, this third time, Moby Dick!' [Ahab (<cross-ref type="bib" refid="ref39">Melville, 1851</cross-ref>)] </qd> Herman Melville's fictional portrayal of the sinking of the Pequod was inspired by instances in which large sperm whales sank whaling ships by ramming the ships with their heads. Observations of aggression in species of the four major clades of cetacean and the artiodactyl outgroup suggest that head-butting during male—male aggression is a basal behavior for cetaceans. We hypothesize that the ability of sperm whales to destroy stout wooden ships, 3-5 times their body mass, is a product of specialization for male—male aggression. Specifically, we suggest that the greatly enlarged and derived melon of sperm whales, the spermaceti organ, evolved as a battering ram to injure an opponent. To address this hypothesis, we examined the correlation between relative melon size and the level of sexual dimorphism in body size among cetaceans. We also modeled impacts between two equal-sized sperm whales to determine whether it is physically possible for the spermaceti organ to function as an effective battering ram. We found (i) that the evolution of relative melon size in cetaceans is positively correlated with the evolution of sexual dimorphism in body size and (ii) that the spermaceti organ of a charging sperm whale has enough momentum to seriously injure an opponent. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that the spermaceti organ has evolved to be a weapon used in male—male aggression. |
format |
Text |
author |
Carrier, David R. Deban, Stephen M. Otterstrom, Jason |
author_facet |
Carrier, David R. Deban, Stephen M. Otterstrom, Jason |
author_sort |
Carrier, David R. |
title |
The face that sank the Essex: potential function of the spermaceti organ in aggression |
title_short |
The face that sank the Essex: potential function of the spermaceti organ in aggression |
title_full |
The face that sank the Essex: potential function of the spermaceti organ in aggression |
title_fullStr |
The face that sank the Essex: potential function of the spermaceti organ in aggression |
title_full_unstemmed |
The face that sank the Essex: potential function of the spermaceti organ in aggression |
title_sort |
face that sank the essex: potential function of the spermaceti organ in aggression |
publisher |
Company of Biologists |
publishDate |
2002 |
url |
http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/205/12/1755 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-62.178,-62.178,-65.434,-65.434) |
geographic |
Ahab |
geographic_facet |
Ahab |
genre |
Sperm whale |
genre_facet |
Sperm whale |
op_relation |
http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/205/12/1755 |
op_rights |
Copyright (C) 2002, Company of Biologists |
_version_ |
1766208799466586112 |