Cephalopods in marine predator diet assessments: why identifying upper and lower beaks is important
<qd> Xavier, J. C., Phillips, R. A., and Cherel, Y. 2011. Cephalopods in marine predator diet assessments: why identifying upper and lower beaks is important. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1857–1864. </qd>Cephalopods are components of the diet of many predators worldwide. They ar...
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fthighwire:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:icesjms:68/9/1857 2023-05-15T16:00:56+02:00 Cephalopods in marine predator diet assessments: why identifying upper and lower beaks is important Xavier, José C. Phillips, Richard A. Cherel, Yves 2011-09-01 00:00:00.0 text/html http://icesjms.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/68/9/1857 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr103 en eng Oxford University Press http://icesjms.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/68/9/1857 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr103 Copyright (C) 2011, International Council for the Exploration of the Sea/Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer Articles TEXT 2011 fthighwire https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr103 2011-09-11T21:09:18Z <qd> Xavier, J. C., Phillips, R. A., and Cherel, Y. 2011. Cephalopods in marine predator diet assessments: why identifying upper and lower beaks is important. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1857–1864. </qd>Cephalopods are components of the diet of many predators worldwide. They are identified mainly using their chitinized upper and lower beaks, but because it has been assumed that the number of upper and lower beaks would be the same in predator diet samples, more effort has been put into creating keys for the lower beaks, which are more easily identifiable from morphology. A test is made of whether the number of upper and lower beaks differs in diet samples collected from a major cephalopod predator, the wandering albatross ( Diomedea exulans ), potential biases in the estimation of predator diets are assessed, and upper:lower beak ratios in published studies of other seabirds, seals, whales, and fish from different parts of the world reviewed. The ratio of upper to lower beaks in diet samples from wandering albatrosses varied greatly in a single year (from 69.6% more lower beaks to 59% more upper beaks), and between years (from 0.5 to 32.1% more upper beaks), and biases were greater for certain cephalopod species, resulting in underestimation of their relative importance. Future studies need to consider using both upper and lower beaks to improve the assessment of the contribution of different cephalopods to predator diets. Text Diomedea exulans Wandering Albatross HighWire Press (Stanford University) ICES Journal of Marine Science 68 9 1857 1864 |
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Articles Xavier, José C. Phillips, Richard A. Cherel, Yves Cephalopods in marine predator diet assessments: why identifying upper and lower beaks is important |
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<qd> Xavier, J. C., Phillips, R. A., and Cherel, Y. 2011. Cephalopods in marine predator diet assessments: why identifying upper and lower beaks is important. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1857–1864. </qd>Cephalopods are components of the diet of many predators worldwide. They are identified mainly using their chitinized upper and lower beaks, but because it has been assumed that the number of upper and lower beaks would be the same in predator diet samples, more effort has been put into creating keys for the lower beaks, which are more easily identifiable from morphology. A test is made of whether the number of upper and lower beaks differs in diet samples collected from a major cephalopod predator, the wandering albatross ( Diomedea exulans ), potential biases in the estimation of predator diets are assessed, and upper:lower beak ratios in published studies of other seabirds, seals, whales, and fish from different parts of the world reviewed. The ratio of upper to lower beaks in diet samples from wandering albatrosses varied greatly in a single year (from 69.6% more lower beaks to 59% more upper beaks), and between years (from 0.5 to 32.1% more upper beaks), and biases were greater for certain cephalopod species, resulting in underestimation of their relative importance. Future studies need to consider using both upper and lower beaks to improve the assessment of the contribution of different cephalopods to predator diets. |
format |
Text |
author |
Xavier, José C. Phillips, Richard A. Cherel, Yves |
author_facet |
Xavier, José C. Phillips, Richard A. Cherel, Yves |
author_sort |
Xavier, José C. |
title |
Cephalopods in marine predator diet assessments: why identifying upper and lower beaks is important |
title_short |
Cephalopods in marine predator diet assessments: why identifying upper and lower beaks is important |
title_full |
Cephalopods in marine predator diet assessments: why identifying upper and lower beaks is important |
title_fullStr |
Cephalopods in marine predator diet assessments: why identifying upper and lower beaks is important |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cephalopods in marine predator diet assessments: why identifying upper and lower beaks is important |
title_sort |
cephalopods in marine predator diet assessments: why identifying upper and lower beaks is important |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://icesjms.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/68/9/1857 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr103 |
genre |
Diomedea exulans Wandering Albatross |
genre_facet |
Diomedea exulans Wandering Albatross |
op_relation |
http://icesjms.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/68/9/1857 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr103 |
op_rights |
Copyright (C) 2011, International Council for the Exploration of the Sea/Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr103 |
container_title |
ICES Journal of Marine Science |
container_volume |
68 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
1857 |
op_container_end_page |
1864 |
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1766396947107676160 |