The mechanisms of interference competition: two experiments on foraging waders
Models of population dynamics that include interference competition have often been applied to foraging waders and less so to other foragers, even though these models are, in principle, generally applicable. At present, however, it is still unclear whether interference competition is of importance f...
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2005
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fthighwire:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:beheco:ari073v1 2023-05-15T15:23:18+02:00 The mechanisms of interference competition: two experiments on foraging waders Vahl, Wouter K. van der Meer, Jaap Weissing, Franz J. van Dullemen, Diederik Piersma, Theunis 2005-07-06 13:21:08.0 text/html http://beheco.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/ari073v1 https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ari073 en eng Oxford University Press http://beheco.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/ari073v1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ari073 Copyright (C) 2005, International Society for Behavioral Ecology Article TEXT 2005 fthighwire https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ari073 2016-11-16T18:36:24Z Models of population dynamics that include interference competition have often been applied to foraging waders and less so to other foragers, even though these models are, in principle, generally applicable. At present, however, it is still unclear whether interference competition is of importance for foraging waders. To support this idea experimental evidence and knowledge of the mechanisms underlying interference effects are required. We experimentally determined the relationship between forager density and foraging success in two wader species: the red knot ( Calidris canutus ) and the ruddy turnstone ( Arenaria interpres ). With each of the two species, we conducted an experiment consisting of 300 one-min trials. In these trials we scored the behavior and the foraging success of focal individuals at specific combinations of bird and prey density. Irrespective of prey density, individuals of both species discovered fewer prey items at higher bird densities. Despite this, only in turnstones did intake rates decline with increasing bird density. Knots compensated for a lower prey-discovery rate by rejecting fewer prey items at higher bird densities. In knots, bird density had a complex, nonmonotonic effect on the time spent vigilant and searching. In turnstones the main effect of increased bird density was a reduction in the prey-encounter rate, that is, the reward per unit search time. Effects on the time spent vigilant and the time spent searching were less pronounced than in knots. Thus, the mechanistic basis of the effects of bird density was complex for each of the two species and differed between them. Text Arenaria interpres Calidris canutus Red Knot Ruddy Turnstone HighWire Press (Stanford University) Behavioral Ecology 16 5 845 855 |
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Article Vahl, Wouter K. van der Meer, Jaap Weissing, Franz J. van Dullemen, Diederik Piersma, Theunis The mechanisms of interference competition: two experiments on foraging waders |
topic_facet |
Article |
description |
Models of population dynamics that include interference competition have often been applied to foraging waders and less so to other foragers, even though these models are, in principle, generally applicable. At present, however, it is still unclear whether interference competition is of importance for foraging waders. To support this idea experimental evidence and knowledge of the mechanisms underlying interference effects are required. We experimentally determined the relationship between forager density and foraging success in two wader species: the red knot ( Calidris canutus ) and the ruddy turnstone ( Arenaria interpres ). With each of the two species, we conducted an experiment consisting of 300 one-min trials. In these trials we scored the behavior and the foraging success of focal individuals at specific combinations of bird and prey density. Irrespective of prey density, individuals of both species discovered fewer prey items at higher bird densities. Despite this, only in turnstones did intake rates decline with increasing bird density. Knots compensated for a lower prey-discovery rate by rejecting fewer prey items at higher bird densities. In knots, bird density had a complex, nonmonotonic effect on the time spent vigilant and searching. In turnstones the main effect of increased bird density was a reduction in the prey-encounter rate, that is, the reward per unit search time. Effects on the time spent vigilant and the time spent searching were less pronounced than in knots. Thus, the mechanistic basis of the effects of bird density was complex for each of the two species and differed between them. |
format |
Text |
author |
Vahl, Wouter K. van der Meer, Jaap Weissing, Franz J. van Dullemen, Diederik Piersma, Theunis |
author_facet |
Vahl, Wouter K. van der Meer, Jaap Weissing, Franz J. van Dullemen, Diederik Piersma, Theunis |
author_sort |
Vahl, Wouter K. |
title |
The mechanisms of interference competition: two experiments on foraging waders |
title_short |
The mechanisms of interference competition: two experiments on foraging waders |
title_full |
The mechanisms of interference competition: two experiments on foraging waders |
title_fullStr |
The mechanisms of interference competition: two experiments on foraging waders |
title_full_unstemmed |
The mechanisms of interference competition: two experiments on foraging waders |
title_sort |
mechanisms of interference competition: two experiments on foraging waders |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2005 |
url |
http://beheco.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/ari073v1 https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ari073 |
genre |
Arenaria interpres Calidris canutus Red Knot Ruddy Turnstone |
genre_facet |
Arenaria interpres Calidris canutus Red Knot Ruddy Turnstone |
op_relation |
http://beheco.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/ari073v1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ari073 |
op_rights |
Copyright (C) 2005, International Society for Behavioral Ecology |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ari073 |
container_title |
Behavioral Ecology |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
845 |
op_container_end_page |
855 |
_version_ |
1766354012660039680 |