Convective transport over the central United States and its role in regional CO and ozone budgets
We have constructed a regional budget for boundary layer carbon monoxide over the central United States (32.5°–50°N, 90°–105°W), emphasizing a detailed evaluation of deep convective vertical fluxes appropriate for the month of June. Deep convective venting of the boundary layer (upward) dominates ot...
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ftharvardudash:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/14121769 2023-05-15T17:35:51+02:00 Convective transport over the central United States and its role in regional CO and ozone budgets Thompson, Anne Elizabeth Pickering, Kenneth E. Dickerson, Russell R. Ellis, William G. Jacob, Daniel James Scala, John R. Tao, Wei-Kuo McNamara, Donna P. Simpson, Joanne 1994 application/pdf http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:14121769 https://doi.org/10.1029/94JD01244 en_US eng Wiley-Blackwell doi:10.1029/94JD01244 J. Geophys. Res. Thompson, Anne M., Kenneth E. Pickering, Russell R. Dickerson, William G. Ellis, Daniel J. Jacob, John R. Scala, Wei-Kuo Tao, Donna P. McNamara, and Joanne Simpson. 1994. “Convective Transport over the Central United States and Its Role in Regional CO and Ozone Budgets.” Journal of Geophysical Research 99 (D9): 18703. doi:10.1029/94jd01244. 0148-0227 http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:14121769 Journal Article 1994 ftharvardudash https://doi.org/10.1029/94JD01244 https://doi.org/10.1029/94jd01244 2022-04-05T06:46:44Z We have constructed a regional budget for boundary layer carbon monoxide over the central United States (32.5°–50°N, 90°–105°W), emphasizing a detailed evaluation of deep convective vertical fluxes appropriate for the month of June. Deep convective venting of the boundary layer (upward) dominates other components of the CO budget, e.g., downward convective transport, loss of CO by oxidation, anthropogenic emissions, and CO produced from oxidation of methane, isoprene, and anthropogenic nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs). Calculations of deep convective venting are based on the method of Pickering et al. [1992a] which uses a satellite-derived deep convective cloud climatology along with transport statistics from convective cloud model simulations of observed prototype squall line events. This study uses analyses of convective episodes in 1985 and 1989 and CO measurements taken during several midwestern field campaigns. Deep convective venting of the boundary layer over this moderately polluted region provides a net (upward minus downward) flux of 18.1×108kg CO month−1 to the free troposphere during early summer, assuming the June statistics are typical. Shallow cumulus and synoptic-scale weather systems together make a comparable contribution (total net flux 16.2×108 kg CO month−1). Boundary layer venting of CO with other O3 precursors leads to efficient free tropospheric O3 formation. We estimate that deep convective transport of CO and other precursors over the central United States in early summer leads to a gross production of 0.66–1.1 Gmol O3 d−1 in good agreement with estimates of O3 production from boundary layer venting in a continental-scale model [Jacob et al., 1993a, b]. In this respect the central U.S. region acts as a “chimney” for the country, and presumably this O3 contributes to high background levels of O3 in the eastern United States and O3 export to the North Atlantic. Engineering and Applied Sciences Version of Record Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Harvard University: DASH - Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard Journal of Geophysical Research 99 D9 18703 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Harvard University: DASH - Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard |
op_collection_id |
ftharvardudash |
language |
English |
description |
We have constructed a regional budget for boundary layer carbon monoxide over the central United States (32.5°–50°N, 90°–105°W), emphasizing a detailed evaluation of deep convective vertical fluxes appropriate for the month of June. Deep convective venting of the boundary layer (upward) dominates other components of the CO budget, e.g., downward convective transport, loss of CO by oxidation, anthropogenic emissions, and CO produced from oxidation of methane, isoprene, and anthropogenic nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs). Calculations of deep convective venting are based on the method of Pickering et al. [1992a] which uses a satellite-derived deep convective cloud climatology along with transport statistics from convective cloud model simulations of observed prototype squall line events. This study uses analyses of convective episodes in 1985 and 1989 and CO measurements taken during several midwestern field campaigns. Deep convective venting of the boundary layer over this moderately polluted region provides a net (upward minus downward) flux of 18.1×108kg CO month−1 to the free troposphere during early summer, assuming the June statistics are typical. Shallow cumulus and synoptic-scale weather systems together make a comparable contribution (total net flux 16.2×108 kg CO month−1). Boundary layer venting of CO with other O3 precursors leads to efficient free tropospheric O3 formation. We estimate that deep convective transport of CO and other precursors over the central United States in early summer leads to a gross production of 0.66–1.1 Gmol O3 d−1 in good agreement with estimates of O3 production from boundary layer venting in a continental-scale model [Jacob et al., 1993a, b]. In this respect the central U.S. region acts as a “chimney” for the country, and presumably this O3 contributes to high background levels of O3 in the eastern United States and O3 export to the North Atlantic. Engineering and Applied Sciences Version of Record |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Thompson, Anne Elizabeth Pickering, Kenneth E. Dickerson, Russell R. Ellis, William G. Jacob, Daniel James Scala, John R. Tao, Wei-Kuo McNamara, Donna P. Simpson, Joanne |
spellingShingle |
Thompson, Anne Elizabeth Pickering, Kenneth E. Dickerson, Russell R. Ellis, William G. Jacob, Daniel James Scala, John R. Tao, Wei-Kuo McNamara, Donna P. Simpson, Joanne Convective transport over the central United States and its role in regional CO and ozone budgets |
author_facet |
Thompson, Anne Elizabeth Pickering, Kenneth E. Dickerson, Russell R. Ellis, William G. Jacob, Daniel James Scala, John R. Tao, Wei-Kuo McNamara, Donna P. Simpson, Joanne |
author_sort |
Thompson, Anne Elizabeth |
title |
Convective transport over the central United States and its role in regional CO and ozone budgets |
title_short |
Convective transport over the central United States and its role in regional CO and ozone budgets |
title_full |
Convective transport over the central United States and its role in regional CO and ozone budgets |
title_fullStr |
Convective transport over the central United States and its role in regional CO and ozone budgets |
title_full_unstemmed |
Convective transport over the central United States and its role in regional CO and ozone budgets |
title_sort |
convective transport over the central united states and its role in regional co and ozone budgets |
publisher |
Wiley-Blackwell |
publishDate |
1994 |
url |
http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:14121769 https://doi.org/10.1029/94JD01244 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_relation |
doi:10.1029/94JD01244 J. Geophys. Res. Thompson, Anne M., Kenneth E. Pickering, Russell R. Dickerson, William G. Ellis, Daniel J. Jacob, John R. Scala, Wei-Kuo Tao, Donna P. McNamara, and Joanne Simpson. 1994. “Convective Transport over the Central United States and Its Role in Regional CO and Ozone Budgets.” Journal of Geophysical Research 99 (D9): 18703. doi:10.1029/94jd01244. 0148-0227 http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:14121769 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/94JD01244 https://doi.org/10.1029/94jd01244 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research |
container_volume |
99 |
container_issue |
D9 |
container_start_page |
18703 |
_version_ |
1766135130300088320 |