Sources, distribution, and acidity of sulfate–ammonium aerosol in the Arctic in winter–spring
We use GEOS-Chem chemical transport model simulations of sulfate–ammonium aerosol data from the NASA ARCTAS and NOAA ARCPAC aircraft campaigns in the North American Arctic in April 2008, together with longer-term data from surface sites, to better understand aerosol sources in the Arctic in winter–s...
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Online Access: | http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12712846 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.030 |
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ftharvardudash:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/12712846 2023-05-15T14:27:14+02:00 Sources, distribution, and acidity of sulfate–ammonium aerosol in the Arctic in winter–spring Fisher, Jenny A. Jacob, Daniel James Wang, Qiaoqiao Bahreini, Roya Carouge, Claire C. Cubison, Michael J. Dibb, Jack E. Diehl, Thomas Jimenez, Jose L. Leibensperger, Eric M. Lu, Zifeng Meinders, Marcel B.J. Pye, Havala O.T. Quinn, Patricia K. Sharma, Sangeeta Streets, David G. van Donkelaar, Aaron Yantosca, Robert M. 2011 application/pdf http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12712846 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.030 en_US eng Elsevier doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.030 Atmospheric Environment Fisher, J.A., D.J. Jacob, Q. Wang, R. Bahreini, C.C. Carouge, M.J. Cubison, J.E. Dibb, T. Diehl, J.L. Jimenez, E.M. Leibensperger, Z. Lu, M.B.J. Meinders, H.O.T. Pye, P.K. Quinn, S. Sharma, D.G. Streets, A. van Donkelaar, and R.M. Yantosca. 2011. "Sources, distribution, and acidity of sulfate-ammonium aerosol in the Arctic in winter-spring." Atmospheric Environment 45: 7301-7318. 1352-2310 http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12712846 Arctic Aerosol acidity Sulfate Ammonium Pollution sources Journal Article 2011 ftharvardudash https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.030 2022-04-04T20:51:19Z We use GEOS-Chem chemical transport model simulations of sulfate–ammonium aerosol data from the NASA ARCTAS and NOAA ARCPAC aircraft campaigns in the North American Arctic in April 2008, together with longer-term data from surface sites, to better understand aerosol sources in the Arctic in winter–spring and the implications for aerosol acidity. Arctic pollution is dominated by transport from mid-latitudes, and we test the relevant ammonia and sulfur dioxide emission inventories in the model by comparison with wet deposition flux data over the source continents. We find that a complicated mix of natural and anthropogenic sources with different vertical signatures is responsible for sulfate concentrations in the Arctic. East Asian pollution influence is weak in winter but becomes important in spring through transport in the free troposphere. European influence is important at all altitudes but never dominant. West Asia (non-Arctic Russia and Kazakhstan) is the largest contributor to Arctic sulfate in surface air in winter, reflecting a southward extension of the Arctic front over that region. Ammonium in Arctic spring mostly originates from anthropogenic sources in East Asia and Europe, with added contribution from boreal fires, resulting in a more neutralized aerosol in the free troposphere than at the surface. The ARCTAS and ARCPAC data indicate a median aerosol neutralization fraction [NH4+]/(2[SO42−] + [NO3−]) of 0.5 mol mol−1 below 2 km and 0.7 mol mol−1 above. We find that East Asian and European aerosol transported to the Arctic is mostly neutralized, whereas West Asian and North American aerosol is highly acidic. Growth of sulfur emissions in West Asia may be responsible for the observed increase in aerosol acidity at Barrow over the past decade. As global sulfur emissions decline over the next decades, increasing aerosol neutralization in the Arctic is expected, potentially accelerating Arctic warming through indirect radiative forcing and feedbacks. Chemistry and Chemical Biology Accepted Manuscript Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctic pollution Harvard University: DASH - Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard Arctic Atmospheric Environment 45 39 7301 7318 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Harvard University: DASH - Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard |
op_collection_id |
ftharvardudash |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic Aerosol acidity Sulfate Ammonium Pollution sources |
spellingShingle |
Arctic Aerosol acidity Sulfate Ammonium Pollution sources Fisher, Jenny A. Jacob, Daniel James Wang, Qiaoqiao Bahreini, Roya Carouge, Claire C. Cubison, Michael J. Dibb, Jack E. Diehl, Thomas Jimenez, Jose L. Leibensperger, Eric M. Lu, Zifeng Meinders, Marcel B.J. Pye, Havala O.T. Quinn, Patricia K. Sharma, Sangeeta Streets, David G. van Donkelaar, Aaron Yantosca, Robert M. Sources, distribution, and acidity of sulfate–ammonium aerosol in the Arctic in winter–spring |
topic_facet |
Arctic Aerosol acidity Sulfate Ammonium Pollution sources |
description |
We use GEOS-Chem chemical transport model simulations of sulfate–ammonium aerosol data from the NASA ARCTAS and NOAA ARCPAC aircraft campaigns in the North American Arctic in April 2008, together with longer-term data from surface sites, to better understand aerosol sources in the Arctic in winter–spring and the implications for aerosol acidity. Arctic pollution is dominated by transport from mid-latitudes, and we test the relevant ammonia and sulfur dioxide emission inventories in the model by comparison with wet deposition flux data over the source continents. We find that a complicated mix of natural and anthropogenic sources with different vertical signatures is responsible for sulfate concentrations in the Arctic. East Asian pollution influence is weak in winter but becomes important in spring through transport in the free troposphere. European influence is important at all altitudes but never dominant. West Asia (non-Arctic Russia and Kazakhstan) is the largest contributor to Arctic sulfate in surface air in winter, reflecting a southward extension of the Arctic front over that region. Ammonium in Arctic spring mostly originates from anthropogenic sources in East Asia and Europe, with added contribution from boreal fires, resulting in a more neutralized aerosol in the free troposphere than at the surface. The ARCTAS and ARCPAC data indicate a median aerosol neutralization fraction [NH4+]/(2[SO42−] + [NO3−]) of 0.5 mol mol−1 below 2 km and 0.7 mol mol−1 above. We find that East Asian and European aerosol transported to the Arctic is mostly neutralized, whereas West Asian and North American aerosol is highly acidic. Growth of sulfur emissions in West Asia may be responsible for the observed increase in aerosol acidity at Barrow over the past decade. As global sulfur emissions decline over the next decades, increasing aerosol neutralization in the Arctic is expected, potentially accelerating Arctic warming through indirect radiative forcing and feedbacks. Chemistry and Chemical Biology Accepted Manuscript |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fisher, Jenny A. Jacob, Daniel James Wang, Qiaoqiao Bahreini, Roya Carouge, Claire C. Cubison, Michael J. Dibb, Jack E. Diehl, Thomas Jimenez, Jose L. Leibensperger, Eric M. Lu, Zifeng Meinders, Marcel B.J. Pye, Havala O.T. Quinn, Patricia K. Sharma, Sangeeta Streets, David G. van Donkelaar, Aaron Yantosca, Robert M. |
author_facet |
Fisher, Jenny A. Jacob, Daniel James Wang, Qiaoqiao Bahreini, Roya Carouge, Claire C. Cubison, Michael J. Dibb, Jack E. Diehl, Thomas Jimenez, Jose L. Leibensperger, Eric M. Lu, Zifeng Meinders, Marcel B.J. Pye, Havala O.T. Quinn, Patricia K. Sharma, Sangeeta Streets, David G. van Donkelaar, Aaron Yantosca, Robert M. |
author_sort |
Fisher, Jenny A. |
title |
Sources, distribution, and acidity of sulfate–ammonium aerosol in the Arctic in winter–spring |
title_short |
Sources, distribution, and acidity of sulfate–ammonium aerosol in the Arctic in winter–spring |
title_full |
Sources, distribution, and acidity of sulfate–ammonium aerosol in the Arctic in winter–spring |
title_fullStr |
Sources, distribution, and acidity of sulfate–ammonium aerosol in the Arctic in winter–spring |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sources, distribution, and acidity of sulfate–ammonium aerosol in the Arctic in winter–spring |
title_sort |
sources, distribution, and acidity of sulfate–ammonium aerosol in the arctic in winter–spring |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12712846 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.030 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arctic pollution |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arctic pollution |
op_relation |
doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.030 Atmospheric Environment Fisher, J.A., D.J. Jacob, Q. Wang, R. Bahreini, C.C. Carouge, M.J. Cubison, J.E. Dibb, T. Diehl, J.L. Jimenez, E.M. Leibensperger, Z. Lu, M.B.J. Meinders, H.O.T. Pye, P.K. Quinn, S. Sharma, D.G. Streets, A. van Donkelaar, and R.M. Yantosca. 2011. "Sources, distribution, and acidity of sulfate-ammonium aerosol in the Arctic in winter-spring." Atmospheric Environment 45: 7301-7318. 1352-2310 http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12712846 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.030 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Environment |
container_volume |
45 |
container_issue |
39 |
container_start_page |
7301 |
op_container_end_page |
7318 |
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1766300874034905088 |