SPT-CL J0205–5829: A z = 1.32 Evolved Massive Galaxy Cluster in the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Survey

• Published in: The Astrophysical Journal
• Main Authors: Stalder, Brian A, Ruel, Jonathan, Šuhada, R., Brodwin, M., Aird, K. A., Andersson, K., Armstrong, R., Ashby, Matthew L N, Bautz, M., Bayliss, Matthew, Bazin, G., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., de Haan, T., Desai, S., Dobbs, M. A., Dudley, J. P., Foley, R. J., Forman, William R., George, E. M., Gettings, D., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N. L., High, F. W., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hoover, S., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Joy, M., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., McDonald, M., McMahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Montroy, T. E., Murray, Stephen S., Natoli, T., Nurgaliev, Daniyar Rashidovich, Padin, S., Plagge, T., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shaw, L., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Spieler, H. G., Stanford, S. A., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, Antony A., Story, K., Stubbs, Christopher William, van Engelen, A., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, Alexey A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., Zenteno, A.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: American Astronomical Society / IOP Publishing 2013
• Subjects: early universe; galaxies: clusters: individual (SPT-CL J0205–5829); galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; large-scale structure of universe; South Pole; South pole
• Online Access: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12350123; https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/763/2/93

The galaxy cluster SPT-CL J0205–5829 currently has the highest spectroscopically confirmed redshift, z = 1.322, in the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SPT-SZ) survey. XMM-Newton observations measure a core-excluded temperature of TX = 8.7+1.0 –0.8 keV producing a mass estimate that is consistent with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich-derived mass. The combined SZ and X-ray mass estimate of M 500 = (4.8 ± 0.8) × 1014 h –1 70 M ☉ makes it the most massive known SZ-selected galaxy cluster at z > 1.2 and the second most massive at z > 1. Using optical and infrared observations, we find that the brightest galaxies in SPT-CL J0205–5829 are already well evolved by the time the universe was <5 Gyr old, with stellar population ages >≈ Gyr, and low rates of star formation (<0.5 M ☉ yr–1). We find that, despite the high redshift and mass, the existence of SPT-CL J0205–5829 is not surprising given a flat ΛCDM cosmology with Gaussian initial perturbations. The a priori chance of finding a cluster of similar rarity (or rarer) in a survey the size of the 2500 deg2 SPT-SZ survey is 69%. Author's Original