Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland
Objective: To examine the associations between the 2008 economic collapse in Iceland and smoking behaviour at the national and individual levels. Design: A population-based, prospective cohort study based on a mail survey (Health and Wellbeing in Iceland) assessed in 2007 and 2009. Setting: National...
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ftharvardudash:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/10579571 2023-05-15T16:46:45+02:00 Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland McClure, Christopher Bruce Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A Hauksdóttir, Arna Kawachi, Ichiro 2012 application/pdf http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10579571 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001386 en_US eng BMJ Group doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001386 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3488705/pdf/ BMJ Open McClure, Christopher Bruce, Unnur A Valdimarsdóttir, Arna Hauksdóttir, and Ichiro Kawachi. 2012. Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland. BMJ Open 2(5): e001386. 2044-6055 http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10579571 Public Health Epidemiology Mental Health Journal Article 2012 ftharvardudash https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001386 2022-04-04T12:45:42Z Objective: To examine the associations between the 2008 economic collapse in Iceland and smoking behaviour at the national and individual levels. Design: A population-based, prospective cohort study based on a mail survey (Health and Wellbeing in Iceland) assessed in 2007 and 2009. Setting: National mail survey. Participants: Representative cohort (n=3755) of Icelandic adults. Main outcome measure: Smoking status. Results: A significant reduction in the prevalence of smoking was observed from 2007 (pre-economic collapse) to 2009 (postcollapse) in both males (17.4–14.8%; p 0.01) and females (20.0–17.5%; p 0.01) in the cohort (n=3755). At the individual level of analysis, male former smokers experiencing a reduction in income during the same period were less likely to relapse (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.85). Female smokers were less likely to quit over time compared to males (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.45 to 0.93). Among male former smokers who experienced an increase in income between 2007 and 2009, we observed an elevated risk of smoking relapse (OR 4.02; 95% CI 1.15 to 14.00). Conclusions: The national prevalence of smoking in Iceland declined following the 2008 economic crisis. This could be due to the procyclical relationship between macro-economic conditions and smoking behaviour (ie, hard times lead to less smoking because of lower affordability), or it may simply reflect a continuation of trends already in place prior to the crisis. In individual-level analysis, we find that former smokers who experienced a decline in income were less likely to relapse; and conversely, an increase in income raises the risk. However, caution is warranted since these findings are based on small numbers. Version of Record Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Harvard University: DASH - Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard BMJ Open 2 5 e001386 |
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Open Polar |
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Harvard University: DASH - Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard |
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ftharvardudash |
language |
English |
topic |
Public Health Epidemiology Mental Health |
spellingShingle |
Public Health Epidemiology Mental Health McClure, Christopher Bruce Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A Hauksdóttir, Arna Kawachi, Ichiro Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland |
topic_facet |
Public Health Epidemiology Mental Health |
description |
Objective: To examine the associations between the 2008 economic collapse in Iceland and smoking behaviour at the national and individual levels. Design: A population-based, prospective cohort study based on a mail survey (Health and Wellbeing in Iceland) assessed in 2007 and 2009. Setting: National mail survey. Participants: Representative cohort (n=3755) of Icelandic adults. Main outcome measure: Smoking status. Results: A significant reduction in the prevalence of smoking was observed from 2007 (pre-economic collapse) to 2009 (postcollapse) in both males (17.4–14.8%; p 0.01) and females (20.0–17.5%; p 0.01) in the cohort (n=3755). At the individual level of analysis, male former smokers experiencing a reduction in income during the same period were less likely to relapse (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.85). Female smokers were less likely to quit over time compared to males (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.45 to 0.93). Among male former smokers who experienced an increase in income between 2007 and 2009, we observed an elevated risk of smoking relapse (OR 4.02; 95% CI 1.15 to 14.00). Conclusions: The national prevalence of smoking in Iceland declined following the 2008 economic crisis. This could be due to the procyclical relationship between macro-economic conditions and smoking behaviour (ie, hard times lead to less smoking because of lower affordability), or it may simply reflect a continuation of trends already in place prior to the crisis. In individual-level analysis, we find that former smokers who experienced a decline in income were less likely to relapse; and conversely, an increase in income raises the risk. However, caution is warranted since these findings are based on small numbers. Version of Record |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
McClure, Christopher Bruce Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A Hauksdóttir, Arna Kawachi, Ichiro |
author_facet |
McClure, Christopher Bruce Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A Hauksdóttir, Arna Kawachi, Ichiro |
author_sort |
McClure, Christopher Bruce |
title |
Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland |
title_short |
Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland |
title_full |
Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland |
title_sort |
economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in iceland |
publisher |
BMJ Group |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10579571 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001386 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001386 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3488705/pdf/ BMJ Open McClure, Christopher Bruce, Unnur A Valdimarsdóttir, Arna Hauksdóttir, and Ichiro Kawachi. 2012. Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland. BMJ Open 2(5): e001386. 2044-6055 http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10579571 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001386 |
container_title |
BMJ Open |
container_volume |
2 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
e001386 |
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1766036849500880896 |