Local Authorities and Elementary Education in the Colonial Days of Korea

• Main Author: 姜, 再鎬
• Language: Japanese
• Published: 群馬大学社会情報学部 1997
• Subjects: Sakhalin
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10087/2266

The Government-General of Chosen (Chosensotokufu) established in 1910 to administer Chosen determined that elementary education services should be provided for children of school ages In the colony separately from those emigrated from Japan. The existence of the Japanese Colony Councils (Kyoryumindan, Nihonjinkai and so on) in Chosun/Korea throughout the country that started to provide several public services including school education for the colonies before the annexation of Korea to Japan has been considered as a major reason for such a racially discriminative policy. This kind of organization was not to be found in Taiwan, Sakhalin or Manchuria. School Councils (Gakkokumiai) composed of Japanese residents and managed autonomously by themselves provided elementary school education services for Japanese children, whereas School Funds (Gakkohi) composed of native Koreans provided them for Korean children until the expiration of t e Japanese colonial rule. A lot of poor Korean children missed elementary school education because the Funds lacked money and autonomy. Furthemore, the activities of such special local authorities weakened the functions of general authorities such as cities (Fu), towns (Yu) or villages (Men).