Deformation at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, from GNSS and seismic data
Erebus volcano is Antarctica’s most active volcano. Inside the 200 m-deep Inner Crater is a convecting phonolitic lava lake that has been stable for 50 years. Eruptive activity is characterized by small Strombolian explosions from the lava lake and adjacent vents, which occasionally eject lava bombs...
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ftgfzpotsdam:oai:gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de:item_5021251 2023-07-30T03:56:42+02:00 Deformation at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, from GNSS and seismic data Grapenthin, R. Christoffersen, M. Kyle, P. Aster, R. Angarita, M. Wilson, T. Chaput, J. 2023-07-11 https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5021251 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.57757/IUGG23-4847 https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5021251 XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject 2023 ftgfzpotsdam https://doi.org/10.57757/IUGG23-4847 2023-07-09T23:40:22Z Erebus volcano is Antarctica’s most active volcano. Inside the 200 m-deep Inner Crater is a convecting phonolitic lava lake that has been stable for 50 years. Eruptive activity is characterized by small Strombolian explosions from the lava lake and adjacent vents, which occasionally eject lava bombs onto the crater rim. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations have been used to observe Erebus deformation for 24 years, first in campaign mode and since the mid-2000s with seven continuous stations. Seismic activity at Erebus has been observed with a short-period seismic network since 1980 and broadband seismometers since 2003. Seismic surveys, such as the 2007-2008 TOMO Erebus experiment, have been used to densify these observations. Here, we use seismic and geodetic observations to analyze Erebus deformation from 10s of minutes to decadal time scales. Tilt derived from the broadband seismic data shows no notable deformation prior to Strombolian explosions, indicating hydrostatic adjustments of the magma column to rising gas slugs in the lava lake-conduit system. The GNSS data show long-term subsidence of Ross Island, consistent with a response of the lithosphere to Erebus loading over the last 20 ka as suggested by modeling. We also discover multi-year inflation and deflation cycles of the summit area in the GNSS data that we link to dynamics of the shallow magmatic system. The most recent inflation event lasted from November 2020 until March 2022. Based on prior inflation periods, this might herald an increase in the number and size of Strombolian eruptions. Conference Object Antarc* Antarctica Ross Island GFZpublic (German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam) Inner Crater ENVELOPE(167.167,167.167,-77.533,-77.533) Lava Lake ENVELOPE(-128.996,-128.996,55.046,55.046) Ross Island |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
GFZpublic (German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam) |
op_collection_id |
ftgfzpotsdam |
language |
English |
description |
Erebus volcano is Antarctica’s most active volcano. Inside the 200 m-deep Inner Crater is a convecting phonolitic lava lake that has been stable for 50 years. Eruptive activity is characterized by small Strombolian explosions from the lava lake and adjacent vents, which occasionally eject lava bombs onto the crater rim. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations have been used to observe Erebus deformation for 24 years, first in campaign mode and since the mid-2000s with seven continuous stations. Seismic activity at Erebus has been observed with a short-period seismic network since 1980 and broadband seismometers since 2003. Seismic surveys, such as the 2007-2008 TOMO Erebus experiment, have been used to densify these observations. Here, we use seismic and geodetic observations to analyze Erebus deformation from 10s of minutes to decadal time scales. Tilt derived from the broadband seismic data shows no notable deformation prior to Strombolian explosions, indicating hydrostatic adjustments of the magma column to rising gas slugs in the lava lake-conduit system. The GNSS data show long-term subsidence of Ross Island, consistent with a response of the lithosphere to Erebus loading over the last 20 ka as suggested by modeling. We also discover multi-year inflation and deflation cycles of the summit area in the GNSS data that we link to dynamics of the shallow magmatic system. The most recent inflation event lasted from November 2020 until March 2022. Based on prior inflation periods, this might herald an increase in the number and size of Strombolian eruptions. |
format |
Conference Object |
author |
Grapenthin, R. Christoffersen, M. Kyle, P. Aster, R. Angarita, M. Wilson, T. Chaput, J. |
spellingShingle |
Grapenthin, R. Christoffersen, M. Kyle, P. Aster, R. Angarita, M. Wilson, T. Chaput, J. Deformation at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, from GNSS and seismic data |
author_facet |
Grapenthin, R. Christoffersen, M. Kyle, P. Aster, R. Angarita, M. Wilson, T. Chaput, J. |
author_sort |
Grapenthin, R. |
title |
Deformation at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, from GNSS and seismic data |
title_short |
Deformation at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, from GNSS and seismic data |
title_full |
Deformation at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, from GNSS and seismic data |
title_fullStr |
Deformation at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, from GNSS and seismic data |
title_full_unstemmed |
Deformation at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, from GNSS and seismic data |
title_sort |
deformation at erebus volcano, antarctica, from gnss and seismic data |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5021251 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(167.167,167.167,-77.533,-77.533) ENVELOPE(-128.996,-128.996,55.046,55.046) |
geographic |
Inner Crater Lava Lake Ross Island |
geographic_facet |
Inner Crater Lava Lake Ross Island |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Ross Island |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Ross Island |
op_source |
XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.57757/IUGG23-4847 https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5021251 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.57757/IUGG23-4847 |
_version_ |
1772814216717139968 |