The development of permafrost bacterial communities under submarine conditions
Submarine permafrost is more vulnerable to thawing than permafrost on land. Besides increased heat transfer from the ocean water, the penetration of salt lowers the freezing temperature and accelerates permafrost degradation. Microbial communities in thawing permafrost are expected to be stimulated...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences |
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2017
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ftgfzpotsdam:oai:gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de:item_2319889 2024-06-02T08:02:32+00:00 The development of permafrost bacterial communities under submarine conditions Mitzscherling, J. Winkel, M. Winterfeld, M. Horn, F. Yang, S. Grigoriev, M. Wagner, D. Overduin, P. Liebner, S. 2017 application/pdf https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_2319889 https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_2319889_4/component/file_2483893/2319889.pdf eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/2017JG003859 https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_2319889 https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_2319889_4/component/file_2483893/2319889.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Journal of Geophysical Research info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2017 ftgfzpotsdam https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG003859 2024-05-07T04:20:38Z Submarine permafrost is more vulnerable to thawing than permafrost on land. Besides increased heat transfer from the ocean water, the penetration of salt lowers the freezing temperature and accelerates permafrost degradation. Microbial communities in thawing permafrost are expected to be stimulated by warming but how they develop under submarine conditions is completely unknown. We used the unique records of two submarine permafrost cores from the Laptev Sea on the East Siberian Arctic Shelf, inundated about 540 and 2500 years ago, to trace how bacterial communities develop depending on duration of the marine influence and pore water chemistry. Combined with geochemical analysis, we quantified total cell numbers and bacterial gene copies, and determined the community structure of bacteria using deep sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. We show that submarine permafrost is an extreme habitat for microbial life deep below the seafloor with changing thermal and chemical conditions. Pore water chemistry revealed different pore water units reflecting the degree of marine influence and stages of permafrost thaw. Millennia after inundation by sea water, bacteria stratify into communities in permafrost, marine-affected permafrost, and seabed sediments. In contrast to pore water chemistry, the development of bacterial community structure, diversity and abundance in submarine permafrost appears site-specific, showing that both sedimentation and permafrost thaw histories strongly affect bacteria. Finally, highest microbial abundance was observed in the ice-bonded seawater unaffected but warmed permafrost of the longer inundated core, suggesting that permafrost bacterial communities exposed to submarine conditions start to proliferate millennia after warming. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Ice laptev Laptev Sea permafrost GFZpublic (German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam) Arctic Laptev Sea Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 122 7 1689 1704 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
GFZpublic (German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam) |
op_collection_id |
ftgfzpotsdam |
language |
English |
description |
Submarine permafrost is more vulnerable to thawing than permafrost on land. Besides increased heat transfer from the ocean water, the penetration of salt lowers the freezing temperature and accelerates permafrost degradation. Microbial communities in thawing permafrost are expected to be stimulated by warming but how they develop under submarine conditions is completely unknown. We used the unique records of two submarine permafrost cores from the Laptev Sea on the East Siberian Arctic Shelf, inundated about 540 and 2500 years ago, to trace how bacterial communities develop depending on duration of the marine influence and pore water chemistry. Combined with geochemical analysis, we quantified total cell numbers and bacterial gene copies, and determined the community structure of bacteria using deep sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. We show that submarine permafrost is an extreme habitat for microbial life deep below the seafloor with changing thermal and chemical conditions. Pore water chemistry revealed different pore water units reflecting the degree of marine influence and stages of permafrost thaw. Millennia after inundation by sea water, bacteria stratify into communities in permafrost, marine-affected permafrost, and seabed sediments. In contrast to pore water chemistry, the development of bacterial community structure, diversity and abundance in submarine permafrost appears site-specific, showing that both sedimentation and permafrost thaw histories strongly affect bacteria. Finally, highest microbial abundance was observed in the ice-bonded seawater unaffected but warmed permafrost of the longer inundated core, suggesting that permafrost bacterial communities exposed to submarine conditions start to proliferate millennia after warming. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mitzscherling, J. Winkel, M. Winterfeld, M. Horn, F. Yang, S. Grigoriev, M. Wagner, D. Overduin, P. Liebner, S. |
spellingShingle |
Mitzscherling, J. Winkel, M. Winterfeld, M. Horn, F. Yang, S. Grigoriev, M. Wagner, D. Overduin, P. Liebner, S. The development of permafrost bacterial communities under submarine conditions |
author_facet |
Mitzscherling, J. Winkel, M. Winterfeld, M. Horn, F. Yang, S. Grigoriev, M. Wagner, D. Overduin, P. Liebner, S. |
author_sort |
Mitzscherling, J. |
title |
The development of permafrost bacterial communities under submarine conditions |
title_short |
The development of permafrost bacterial communities under submarine conditions |
title_full |
The development of permafrost bacterial communities under submarine conditions |
title_fullStr |
The development of permafrost bacterial communities under submarine conditions |
title_full_unstemmed |
The development of permafrost bacterial communities under submarine conditions |
title_sort |
development of permafrost bacterial communities under submarine conditions |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_2319889 https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_2319889_4/component/file_2483893/2319889.pdf |
geographic |
Arctic Laptev Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Laptev Sea |
genre |
Arctic Ice laptev Laptev Sea permafrost |
genre_facet |
Arctic Ice laptev Laptev Sea permafrost |
op_source |
Journal of Geophysical Research |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/2017JG003859 https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_2319889 https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_2319889_4/component/file_2483893/2319889.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG003859 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
122 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
1689 |
op_container_end_page |
1704 |
_version_ |
1800747019384389632 |